Wednesday, February 20, 2013

G. Bond Crater Parents Five Satellites Near Southern Lacus Somniorum


Summary: G. Bond Crater parents five satellites near southern Lacus Somniorum in the lunar near side’s northeastern quadrant.


Detail of Lunar Astronautical Chart (LAC) 27 shows the G. Bond Crater system’s primary crater and satellites G and K as southern neighbors of Lacus Somniorum (Lake of Dreams) in the lunar near side’s northeastern quadrant; courtesy NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) / GSFC (Goddard Space Flight Center) / ASU (Arizona State University): U.S. Geological Survey, Public Domain, via USGS Astrogeology Science Center / Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature

B. Bond Crater parents five satellites near southern Lacus Somniorum (Lake of Dreams) and eastern Mare Serenitatis (Sea of Serenity) in the lunar near side’s northeastern quadrant.
Bowl-shaped G. Bond Crater is centered at 32.39 degrees north latitude, 36.32 degrees east longitude, according to the International Astronomical Union’s (IAU) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. It finds northernmost and southernmost latitudes at 32.7 degrees north and 32.07 degrees north, respectively. The northern hemisphere crater marks easternmost and westernmost longitudes at 36.69 degrees east and 35.95 degrees east, respectively. G. Bond Crater has a diameter of 19.05 kilometers.
The primary crater parents five satellites. Three of the G. Bond Crater system’s five satellites have easterly placements with respect to their parent. Two satellites lie to the southwest of their parent.
G. Bond A, G. Bond G and G. Bond K occur as their parent’s three eastern satellites. Lacus Somniorum lies as a near northern neighbor to G. Bond Crater and its three eastern satellites.
G. Bond lies near southeastern Lacus Somniorum. The dark, basaltic plain is centered at 37.56 degrees north latitude, 30.8 degrees east longitude. The lunar mare’s northernmost and southernmost latitudes reach 41.5 degrees north and 33.22 degrees north, respectively. Its easternmost and westernmost longitudes stretch 39.15 degrees east and 22.04 degrees east, respectively. Lacus Somniorium’s length measures 424.76 kilometers.
G. Bond A resides to the southeast of its parent and to the south of G. Bond G. Satellite A lies to the southwest of G. Bond K.
G. Bond A is centered at 31.58 degrees north latitude, 36.87 degrees east longitude. It confines its northernmost and southernmost latitudes to 31.74 degrees north and 31.43 degrees north, respectively. Its easternmost and westernmost longitudes are obtained at 37.05 degrees east and 36.69 degrees east, respectively. G. Bond A crater has a diameter of 9.19 kilometers.
G. Bond G is the northernmost component of the G. Bond Crater system. G. Bond G lies, in close proximity, to the east-northeast of its parent.
G. Bond G is centered at 32.74 degrees north latitude, 37.25 degrees east longitude. It records northernmost and southernmost latitudes of 33.19 degrees north and 32.29 degrees north, respectively. It registers easternmost and westernmost longitudes of 37.78 degrees east and 36.71 degrees east, respectively. G. Bond G’s diameter measures 27.32 kilometers.
G. Bond K lies to the east of its parent and to the southeast of satellite G. Satellite K’s placement qualifies it as the most easterly component of the G. Bond Crater system.
G. Bond K is centered at 32.14 degrees north latitude, 38.33 degrees east longitude. It obtains northernmost and southernmost latitudes of 32.35 degrees north and 31.94 degrees north, respectively. Its easternmost and westernmost longitudes occur at 38.57 degrees east and 38.09 degrees east, respectively. G. Bond K has a diameter of 12.47 kilometers.
G. Bond B and G. Bond C group, in a north-south alignment, to the southwest of their parent. They are the G. Bond Crater system’s only components lying to the west of the system’s rille (German: rille, “groove”), Rima G. Bond.
G. Bond B lies to the north of G. Bond C. G. Bond C’s placement to the south of northern neighbor G. Bond B qualifies it as the G. Bond Crater system’s most southerly component.
G. Bond B is centered at 29.95 degrees north latitude, 34.67 degrees east longitude. It establishes northernmost and southernmost latitudes at 30.48 degrees north and 29.41 degrees north, respectively. It posts easternmost and westernmost longitudes of 35.28 degrees east and 34.05 degrees east, respectively. G. Bond B’s diameter spans 29.95 kilometers.
G. Bond C is centered at 28.29 degrees north latitude, 34.75 degrees east longitude. Its northernmost and southernmost latitudes extend to 29.05 degrees north and 27.52 degrees north, respectively. Its easternmost and westernmost longitudes reach 35.63 degrees east and 33.88 degrees east, respectively. G. Bond C’s diameter spans 46.65 kilometers.
G. Bond G Crater’s diameter of 46.65 kilometers qualifies it as the largest of the G. Bond Crater system’s five satellites and, indeed, as the largest component of the G. Bond Crater system. Parental G. Bond Crater’s diameter of 19.05 kilometers approximates 40.8 percent of G. Bond G’s diameter.
G. Bond Crater’s two southwestern satellites lie to the east of northeastern Mare Serenitatis. The dark, circular lunar mare is centered at 27.29 degrees north latitude, 18.36 degrees east longitude. Its northernmost and southernmost latitudes occur at 37.81 degrees north and 16.13 degrees north, respectively. It obtains easternmost and westernmost longitudes at 29.92 degrees east and 6.59 degrees east, respectively. Mare Serenitatis has a diameter of 674.28 kilometers.
The takeaways for G. Bond Crater, which parents five satellites near southern Lacus Somniorum (Lake of Dreams), are that the G. Bond Crater system occupies the lunar near side’s northeastern quadrant; that parent G. Bond Crater and its three eastern satellites (A, G, K) nestle near Lacus Somniorum while the system’s two southwestern satellites reside to the east of northeastern Mare Serenitatis; that the G. Bond Crater system’s most northerly, easterly and southerly placements are claimed by G, K and C, respectively; and that G. Bond C qualifies as the crater system’s largest component, with a diameter that dwarfs that of its parent by 27.6 kilometers.

Detail of Lunar Astronautical Chart (LAC) 43 shows the G. Bond Crater system’s southeastern satellite, G. Bond A, and southwestern satellites, G. Bond B and G. Bond C; courtesy NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) / GSFC (Goddard Space Flight Center) / ASU (Arizona State University): U.S. Geological Survey, Public Domain, via USGS Astrogeology Science Center / Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature

Acknowledgment
My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:
Detail of Lunar Astronautical Chart (LAC) 27 shows the G. Bond Crater system’s primary crater and satellites G and K as southern neighbors of Lacus Somniorum (Lake of Dreams) in the lunar near side’s northeastern quadrant; courtesy NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) / GSFC (Goddard Space Flight Center) / ASU (Arizona State University): U.S. Geological Survey, Public Domain, via USGS Astrogeology Science Center / Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/images/Lunar/lac_27_wac.pdf
Detail of Lunar Astronautical Chart (LAC) 43 shows the G. Bond Crater system’s southeastern satellite, G. Bond A, and southwestern satellites, G. Bond B and G. Bond C; courtesy NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) / GSFC (Goddard Space Flight Center) / ASU (Arizona State University): U.S. Geological Survey, Public Domain, via USGS Astrogeology Science Center / Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/images/Lunar/lac_43_wac.pdf

For further information:
Consolmagno, Guy; and Dan M. Davis. Turn Left at Orion. Fourth edition. Cambridge UK; New York NY: Cambridge University Press, 2011.
International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “G. Bond.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/2046
International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “G. Bond A.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/9276
International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “G. Bond B.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/9277
International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “G. Bond C.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/11354
International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “G. Bond G.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/9279
International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “G. Bond K.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/9280
International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Lacus Somniorum.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/3217
International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Mare Serenitatis.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/3686
International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Rima G. Bond.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/5060
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Marriner, Derdriu. “G. Bond Crater Honors American Astronomer George Phillips Bond.” Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Feb. 13, 2013.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/02/g-bond-crater-honors-american.html
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Available @ https://the-moon.us/wiki/Lacus_Somniorum
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Available @ https://the-moon.us/wiki/Rima_G._Bond
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