Earth and Space News: Elementary season 2 episode 14 Dead Clade Walking

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Friday, February 7, 2014

Dimetrodon Natural History Illustrations and Elementary's Dimetrodon

Summary: Dimetrodon natural history illustrations manage accurate assemblies of fossils that Elementary episode Dead Clade Walking Jan. 30, 2014, mixed criminally.

Dimetrodon is an extinct genus of pre-dinosaur reptile with a prominent sail of bony spines protruding from spinal vertebrae; in Elementary tv series' Dead Clade Walking (season 2 episode 14), Joan Watson (Lucy Liu) and Sherlock Holmes (Jonny Lee Miller) discern that Agnes, Dr. Jeffrey Thomas' (Jonno Roberts) so-called complete Dimetrodon skelton at the Triboro Museum of Natural History, is "fraudulent," as an assemblage of bones from various fossils: U of T Palaeontology @UofT_Palaeo, via Twitter April 15, 2013

Dimetrodon natural history illustrations atypically aggrieve their admirers, unlike museum adherents who are apprised of the non-authentic assembly of a specimen in the Elementary series episode Dead Clade Walking Jan. 3, 2014.

Director Helen Shaver and writers Robert Doherty and Jeffrey Paul King broach black market and dark web sales of fossils as complete specimens and detached bones. Illegal commerce catches Doug Newberg's and Malcolm Turner's killer (Jonno Roberts), who constructed the world-only complete Dimetrodon with the atlas/axis, humerus and phalange from other specimens. Sherlock Holmes (Jonny Lee Miller) discerns in the deceptive Dimetrodon specimen display dastardly deeds behind debunking and defending different theories on ancient mass extinctions and survivals.

Cursory examinations of Dimetrodon natural history illustrations and Elementary's Dimetrodon specimen encourage observers to envision the extinct animal as examples of Triassic through Cretaceous Period dinosaurs.

Paleoartists fit, into Dimetrodon natural history illustrations, extinct animals whose life cycles filled other times than when dinosaurs flourished 243 million to 66 million years ago.

The most recent, youngest Dimetrodon fossils gave out 40 million years before the earliest, most ancient records of the Triassic Period's first, most primitive, oldest dinosaurs. The Dimetrodon genus, with the English equivalent of "two measures of teeth," had initial appearances 295 million years ago and their last 272 million years ago. Twenty-five million years of hunting, mating, parenting and sheltering itineraries involved what is now the southwestern United States' Red Beds of south-central Oklahoma and north-central Texas.

Dimetrodon natural history illustrations juggle the declining amphibians and the rising reptiles that journeyed over red sandstones and shales during the Permian Period's most recent, third Cisuralian epoch.

Southwestern Dimetrodon specimens from Oklahoma and Texas historically kindle Dimetrodon natural history illustations by paleoartists for paleobiologists and paleozoologists even though Germany keeps some fossilized Dimetrodons.

Paleobiologists, paleotaxonomists and paleozoologists list 1877 and 1878 as first-known years of Linnaean scientific classifications, by Edward Drinker Cope (July 28, 1840-April 12, 1897), of Dimetrodons. Dimeotrodon natural history illustrations manifest a mature animal with 5.57- to 15.09-foot (1.7- to 4.6-meter) body lengths and 61.73- to 551.16-pound (28- to 250-kilogram) body weights. Dimetrodon angelensis (Texas's San Angelo Formation) and Dimeotrodon teutones ("teutonic") species net higher and lower ranges, with the latter's smallest-ever a rare 24-inch- (60-centimeter-) long fossil.

Dimetrodon natural history illustrations observe occurrences in the Synapsidae ("fused arch") mammal and mammal-like reptile clade, not the Sauropsidae ("lizard-like") bird, dinosaur and reptile evolutionary group.

Dimetrodons each possessed a curved, tall skull with a bony arch under, and one temporal fenestra ("opening") behind, each eye, different-sized large teeth and four legs.

Dimetrodons qualified as apex predators of ancient amphibians, fish, reptiles and tetrapods and queued up elongated, large neural spines into a vertebra-extending sail along the back. Responsibility for realizing courtship displays, stabilizing the spine and thermoregulating (cooling and heating) the body represent reasons that paleobiologists and paleozoologists reach for the Dimetrodon sail. Ann Arbor's University of Michigan, Chicago's Field and Manhattan's American Museums of Natural History and the Denver Museum of Nature and Science show mounted Dimeotrodon skeletons.

Nothing tells Elementary's Dimetrodon's gender whereas Dimetrodon natural history illustrations from large-sailed, long-skulled, thick-boned Dimetrodons with pronounced upper jaws in Illinois and New York typify males.

Sherlock Holmes (Jonny Lee Miller) and Joan Watson (Lucy Liu) delve into the shadowy world of black market dinosaur fossils in Elementary tv series' Dead Clade Walking (season 2 episode 14): Lucy Liu @LucyLiu, via Twitter Jan. 30, 2014

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

Dimetrodon is an extinct genus of pre-dinosaur reptile with a prominent sail of bony spines protruding from spinal vertebrae; in Elementary tv series' Dead Clade Walking (season 2 episode 14), Joan Watson (Lucy Liu) and Sherlock Holmes (Jonny Lee Miller) discern that Dr. Jeffrey Thomas' (Jonno Roberts) so-called completeDimetrodon skelton at the Triboro Museum of Natural History is "fraudulent," as an assemblage of bones from various fossils: U of T Palaeontology @UofT_Palaeo, via Twitter April 15, 2013, @ https://twitter.com/UofT_Palaeo/status/323794712949575680

Cope, E.D. (Edward Drinker). 2 November 1877. "Descriptions of Extinct Vertebrata From the Permian and Triassic Formations of the United States: Clepsydrops limbatus sp. nov." Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, vol. XVII , no. 100 (June-December 1877): 193. Philadelphia PA: Printed for The Society by M'Calla [McCalla] & Stavely, 1878.
Available via Biodiversity Heritage Library @ https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/26900529

Cope, E.D. (Edward Drinker). 5 April 1878. "Descriptions of Extinct Batrachia and Reptilia From the Permian Formation of Texas: Clepsydrops natalis. Sp. nov. . . Dimetrodon incisivus. Gen. et sp. nov. . . Dimetrodon rectiformis. Sp. nov. . . Dimetron gigas. Sp. nov." Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, vol. XVII, no. 101 (January-June 1878): 509-515. Philadelphia PA: Printed for The Society by M'Calla [McCalla] & Stavely.
Available via Biodiversity Heritage Library @ https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/26900869

Dead Clade Walking." Elementary: The Second Season. Los Angeles CA: Paramount Pictures Corporation, Jan. 30, 2014.

Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan. The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. London England: George Newnes Ltd., 1892.

Lucy Liu ‏@LucyLiu. 30 January 2014. "Aanother guest on tonight's dead clade walking episode. this one was a real diva #elementary." Twitter.
Available @ https://twitter.com/LucyLiu/status/429110951208439808

Marriner, Derdriu. 31 January 2014. “Nanotyrannus Natural History Illustrations and Elementary's Dead Clade Walking.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/01/nanotyrannus-natural-history.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 December 2013. “Fruit in Osage Orange Botanical Illustrations and Elementary Series.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/12/fruit-in-osage-orange-botanical.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 November 2013. “George Stubbs Painting The Godolphin Arabian and Elementary's Nutmeg.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/11/george-stubbs-painting-godolphin.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 November 2013. “John Wootton Painting The Darley Arabian and Elementary's Studhorse.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/11/john-wootton-painting-darley-arabian.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 8 November 2013. “John Wootton Painting The Byerley Turk and Elementary's Thoroughbreds.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/11/john-wootton-painting-byerley-turk-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 August 2013. “Turner Fighting Temeraire Painting in Elementary Series Episode The Woman.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/08/turner-fighting-temeraire-painting-in.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 June 2013. “Paul Gauguin Painting Tahitian Women on the Beach in Elementary's The Woman.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/06/paul-gauguin-painting-tahitian-women-on.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 31 May 2013. “Rubens Painting The Incredulity of St Thomas in Elementary's The Woman.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/05/rubens-painting-incredulity-of-st.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 24 May 2013. “Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec Painting Rousse in Elementary Episode The Woman.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/05/henri-de-toulouse-lautrec-painting.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 May 2013. “The Bruegel Painted Parable in the Elementary Series Episode The Woman.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/05/the-bruegel-painted-parable-in.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 February 2013. “Osmia Avosetta Natural History Illustrations for Elementary's Bee.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/02/osmia-avosetta-natural-history.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 1 February 2013. “Russian Tortoise Natural History Illustrations and Elementary's Clyde Jan. 31, 2013.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/02/russian-tortoise-natural-history.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 25 January 2013. “Costliest, World-Most Expensive Chopard Watch: 201 Carats at $25 Million.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/01/costliest-world-most-expensive-chopard.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 January 2013. “Chopard Watch Worth $25 Million on Elementary Episode The Leviathan.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/01/chopard-watch-worth-25-million-on.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 11 January 2013. “Claude Monet Painting Nympheas 1918 in Elementary Series' Leviathan.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/01/claude-monet-painting-nympheas-1918-in.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 4 January 2013. “Paul Cézanne Still Life Painting Fruit in Elementary Series' Leviathan.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/01/paul-cezanne-still-life-painting-fruit.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 December 2012. “Paul Signac Painting Women at the Well in Elementary Series' Leviathan.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/12/paul-signac-painting-women-at-well-in.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 21 December 2012. “The Van Gogh Pietà Painting in Elementary Series Episode The Leviathan.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/12/the-van-gogh-pieta-painting-in.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 December 2012. “Edward Hopper Painting Western Motel in Elementary Series' Leviathan.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/12/edward-hopper-painting-western-motel-in.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 September 2012. "Are Lesser Clovers Sherlock's Lucky Shamrocks on Elementary's Pilot?" Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/09/are-lesser-clovers-sherlocks-lucky.html

U of T Palaeontology ‏@UofT_Palaeo. 15 April 2013. "Art in the @RoyalTyrrell hallway -- Dimetrodon and prey." Twitter.
Available @ https://twitter.com/UofT_Palaeo/status/323794712949575680

Friday, January 31, 2014

Nanotyrannus Natural History Illustrations and Elementary's Dead Clade Walking

Summary: Sherlock Holmes needs no Nanotyrannus natural history illustrations to note a fossilized juvenile in Elementary series' Dead Clade Walking Jan. 30, 2014.

"Jane," now generally thought to be a juvenile Tyrannosaurus rex rather than dubious new species Tyrannosaurus (Gorogsaurus lancensis), at the Burpee Museum of Natural History, Rockford, Winnebago County, north central Illinois; Sunday, July 18, 2010, 04:14: Volkan Yuksel, CC BY SA 3.0 Unported, via Wikimedia Commons

A first and second, third and fourth appear in Nanotyrannus natural history illustrations, for a private collection and in the Columbia Broadcasting System's Elementary series episode Dead Clade Walking Jan. 30, 2014.

Director Helen Shaver and writers Robert Doherty and Jeffrey Paul King bring a fictitious fourth Nanotyrannus specimen into Elementary's 38th episode, as Season Two's 14th episode. The fictitious fourth compares and contrasts with Nanotyrannus natural history illustrations in clustering the most complete skeletons ever collected and in claiming controversial calculations and classifications. Deliberate deaths of Doug Newberg and Malcolm Turner and a destroyed fossil drive Sherlock Holmes (Jonny Lee Miller) toward a debunker (Jonno Roberts) of post-extinction dinosaurs.

Jaws, skull and two near-complete skeletons evidenced in subsequent Nanotyrannus natural history illustrations encourage elevation by experts to a new genus or new or established species.

David Hosbrook Dunkle (Sep. 9, 1911-Jan. 3, 1984) from Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, found the first fossil in the Lance Formation, Carter County, southeasternmost Montana, in 1942.

The Dunkle curatorship of vertebrate paleontology at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History (CMNH) in Ohio, 1939-1946, gave the jaws and skull the moniker CMNH 7541. The "nearly complete skull with tightly articulated lower jaws" headed Charles Whitney Gilmore (March 11, 1874-Sep. 27, 1945) toward species outside their genus's Belly River habitats. The United States National Museum curator of vertebrate paleontology at the present-day National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C., identified CMNH 7541 Sep. 12, 1946.

The scientific classification Gorgosaurus lancensis ("terrible lizard [from the] Lance [Formation]) juggled Gorgosaurus-like muzzles and teeth with "smaller size, elongate shallow maxillary, and rounder orbital fenestra."

Paleontologists kept Gorgosaurus lancensis until Aug. 15, 1988, when Robert T. Bakker, Philip Currie and Michael E. Williams (Aug. 4, 1940-July 12, 2003) kindled other taxonomies.

The University of Colorado-Boulder paleontology adjunct curator, the CMNH curator and the Tyrell Museum for Paleontology collections and research assistant director in Alberta, Canada, looked elsewhere. Forward-facing eyes, head "bent down sharply on the neck," mature-sutured skull and temporal region four times the muzzle's width moved the trio away from gorgosaur species. The three paleontologists named the "more primitive" relative of narrow-muzzled, stereoscopic vision-adapted, wide-fronted Tyrannosaurus rex ("tyrant lizard king") Nanotyrannus lancensis ("pygmy tyrant [from the] Lance [Formation]").

Thomas D. Carr of Carthage College's Biology Department in Kenosha, Wisconsin, offered the taxonomic option of "young T. rex" with "immature bone grain" Sep. 14, 1999.

A large-footed, long-legged, 21.32-foot- (6.5-meter-) long, 1,408.75- to 2,797.66-pound (639- to 1,269-kilogram) skeleton from the Hell Creek Formation, Garfield County, central-southeastern Montana, provided proof in 2001.

The 11-year-old queues up the names BMRP 2002.4.1 and Jane (Walrath Solem, Nov. 25, 1919-July 30, 2015) at Illinois's Burpee Museum of Natural History in Rockford. Hell Creek Formation's "Bloody Mary" renders Bakker, Black Hills Institute paleontologist Peter Larson, CK Preparations preparator Chris Morrow and dinosaur-prospecting rancher Clayton Phipps unpersuaded since 2006. Bloody Mary and Jane, with CMNH 7541-like skulls, respectively suggest separate-species adulthood with arms and claws twice those of Tyrannosaurus rex and same-species, sleek-bodied, thin-toothed youth.

Rare metal-free rock, not Nanotyrannus natural history illustrations, tell Sherlock of "a miniature T. rex" from above the dinosaur-extinction, K-T (Cretaceous-Tertiary) Boundary 65.5 million years ago.

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

A package left at the front stoop of Sherlock Holmes' (Jonny Lee Miller) contains the remains of a Nanotyrannus, smuggled from Mongolia into the United States, in Elementary tv series' Dead Clade Walking (season 2 episode 14): Elementary @ElementaryCBS, via Twitter Jan. 27, 2014, @ https://www.facebook.com/ElementaryCBS/photos/a.151627898295663.14686.151013691690417/303915126400272/

For further information:

Bakker, Robert T.; Michael Williams; and Philip Currie. 1988. "Nanotyrannus, a New Genus of Pygmy Tyrannosaur, From the Latest Cretaceous of Montana." Hunteria, vol. 1, no. 5 (Aug. 15, 1988): 1-30. Boulder CO: University of Colorado Museum.
Available via Zenobo @ https://zenodo.org/record/1037529#.WwL-lUgvyUk

Carr, T. (Thomas) D. 1999. "Craniofacial Ontogeny Tyrannosauridae (Dinosauria, Coelurosauria)." Journal of Vertebrae Paleontology, vol. 19, no. 3 (Sept. 14, 1999): 497-520. doi:10.1080/02724634.1999.10011161. Norman OK: University of Oklahoma.
Available via ResearchGate @ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/254313764_Craniofacial_ontogeny_in_Tyrannosauridae_Dinosauria_Coelurosauria

"Dead Clade Walking." Elementary: The Second Season. Los Angeles CA: Paramount Pictures Corporation, Jan. 30, 2014.

Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan. The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. London England: George Newnes Ltd., 1892.

Elementary @ElementaryCBS. 27 January 2014. "Added a new photo." Twitter.
Available @ https://www.facebook.com/ElementaryCBS/photos/a.151627898295663.14686.151013691690417/303915126400272/

Gilmore, Charles W. 12 September 1946. "A New Carnivorous Dinosaur From the Lance Formation of Montana." Smithsonian Micellaneous Collections, vol. 106, no. 13 (Publication 3857): 1-19. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution, Sept. 12, 1946.
Available @ https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27394614

Joyce, Laurel. 30 May 1988. "Paleontologists' Fieldwork by Phone Identifies 'The Cleveland Critter.'" The Scientist > May 1988 Issue > News.
Available @ https://www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/9519/title/Paleontologists--Fieldwork-By-Phone-Identifies--The-Cleveland-Critter-/

Parrish, J.M. (Michael); M. (Michael) Henderson; P. (Philip) J. Currie; and E. (Eva) Koppelhus, eds. 2013. Origin, Systematics, and Paleobiology of the Tyrannosauridae. Dekalb IL: Northern Illinois University Press.

Sloan, Christopher. 2013. Tracking Tyrannosaurs: Meet T. rex's Fascinating Family, From Tiny Terrors to Feathered Giants. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Children's Books.