Isabel Resides in Southwestern Mare Imbrium on Lunar Near Side

Summary: Isabel resides in southwestern Mare Imbrium on the lunar near side as a northwest quadrant craterlet with closest neighbors Louise, Samir and Walter.

Detail of Near Side Shaded Relief and Color-Coded Topography Map shows Isabel's (lower center) Delisle-Diophantus neighborhood in lunar near side's southwestern Mare Imbrium: USGS Astrogeology Science Center / Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature

Isabel resides in southwestern Mare Imbrium on the lunar near side in a northwestern quadrant quartet, formed with Louise, Samir and Walter and located between Delisle and Diophantus.

Isabel is centered at 28.18 degrees north latitude, minus 34.07 degrees west longitude, according to the International Astronomical Union's (IAU) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. The northwestern quadrant crater's northernmost and southernmost latitudes are given as 28.2 degrees north and 28.16 degrees north, respectively. Its easternmost and westernmost longitudes are identified as minus 34.04 degrees west and minus 34.09 degrees west, respectively. Isabel has a diameter of 1.22 kilometers.

Isabel is sited in Mare Imbrium's southwestern fringes. The craterlet's location places it to the east of the highland break that distinguishes the meeting of east central Oceanus Procellarum with west central Mare Imbrium. The moon's dark, basaltic plains are designated as maria (Latin: mare, "sea"; maria, "seas"). Procellarum's immensity qualifies it for the unique designation of oceanus, defined by the Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature's Descriptor Terms (Feature Types) webpage as: "A very large dark area on the moon."

Mare Imbrium ("Sea of Showers") is centered at 34.72 degrees north latitude, minus 14.91 degrees west longitude. The dark, basaltic plain achieves northernmost and southernmost latitudes of 51.46 degrees north and 15.23 degrees north, respectively. It obtains easternmost and westernmost longitudes of 8.56 degrees east and minus 38.36 degrees west, respectively. Mare Imbrium's diameter spans 1,145.53 kilometers.

Isabel forms a quartet with as the craterlet's nearest named craterous neighbors in southwestern Mare Imbrium. Located to the northwest of Isabel, Samir and Louise anchor the quartet's northern end. Samir lies to the west of Louise. Lying to Isabel's southeast, Walter marks the quartet's southern end.

Samir is centered at 28.5 degrees north latitude, minus 34.29 degrees west longitude. It finds its northernmost and southernmost latitudes at 28.54 degrees north and 28.47 degrees north, respectively. The craterlet establishes its easternmost and westernmost longitudes at minus 34.25 degrees west and minus 34.32 degrees west, respectively. Samir has a diameter of 1.86 kilometers.

Louise is centered at 28.49 degrees north latitude, minus 34.2 degrees west longitude. The craterlet posts northernmost and southernmost latitudes of 28.5 degrees north and 28.48 degrees north, respectively. It marks its easternmost and westernmost longitudes at minus 34.18 degrees west and minus 34.21 degrees west, respectively. Louise has a diameter of 0.64 kilometers.

Walter is centered at 28.04 degrees north latitude, minus 33.81 degrees west longitude. The craterlet's northernmost and southernmost latitudes occur at 28.07 degrees north and 28.02 degrees north, respectively. It places its easternmost and westernmost longitudes at minus 33.79 degrees west and minus 33.83 degrees west, respectively. Walter has a diameter of 1.26 kilometers.

The quartet of Samir, Louise, Isabel and Walter lies between Delisle and Diophantus. Delisle Crater neighbors to the north of the quartet. Diophantus Crater is positioned to the south.

Delisle Crater is centered at 29.98 degrees north latitude, minus 34.68 degrees west longitude. The lunar impact crater records northernmost and southernmost latitudes of 30.39 degrees north and 29.57 degrees north. It registers its easternmost and westernmost longitudes at minus 34.2 degrees west and minus 35.15 degrees west, respectively. Delisle's diameter measures 24.83 kilometers.

Diophantus Crater is centered at 27.62 degrees north latitude, minus 34.3 degrees west longitude. The lunar impact crater obtains northernmost and southernmost latitudes of 27.91 degrees north and 27.33 degrees north, respectively. It establishes its easternmost and westernmost longitudes at minus 33.97 degrees west and minus 34.62 degrees west, respectively. Diophantus Crater's diameter measures 17.57 kilometers.

Isabel numbers among 95 minor features identified with first-name designations on lunar topophotomaps prepared and published by The Defense Mapping Agency (DMA) for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Isabel is plotted on NASA Lunar Topophotomap 39B2S1, which was published in September 1976. The map's Names Information lists "Isabel, Louise, Rima Brahms, Samir, Walter" as "provisional names pending IAU approval."

The International Astronomical Union approved Isabel as the craterlet's name in 1979. The Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature explains Isabel as: "Spanish female name."

Detail of Lunar Aeronautical Chart (LAC) 39 shows Isabel's (lower center) Delisle-Diophantus neighborhood in southwestern Mare Imbrium: image credit NASA/GSFC/ASU, via USGS Astrogeology Science Center / Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

Detail of Near Side Shaded Relief and Color-Coded Topography Map shows Isabel's (lower center) Delisle-Diophanthus neighborhood in southwestern Mare Imbrium: USGS Astrogeology Science Center / Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/images/moon_nearside.pdf

Detail of Lunar Aeronautical Chart (LAC) 39 shows Isabel's (lower center) Delisle-Diophantus neighborhood in southeastern Mare Imbrium: image credit NASA/GSFC/ASU, via USGS Astrogeology Science Center / Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/images/Lunar/lac_39_wac.pdf

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The Defense Mapping Agency Topographic Center. "Lunar Topophotomap Samir." National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lunar Topophotomap Edition 1 Sheet 39B2S1 (25). Washington DC: The Defense Mapping Agency Topographic Center, September 1976.
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International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Isabel.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
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International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Louise.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
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Thorpid, as The Girl Who Died, Alludes to Thorsteinn Th. Thorsteinsson

Summary: Thorpid, as The Girl Who Died, first thriller in the stand-alone novels trilogy authored by Ragnar Jónasson, alludes to Thorsteinn Th. Thorsteinsson.

Þorsteinn Þ. Þorsteinsson (Nov. 11, 1879-Dec. 23, 1955), Romanized Thorsteinn Th. Thorsteinsson, appeals to his fellow Icelandic Canadians as an essayist, historian of Icelandic settlements in western Canada, painter, lyricist, poet and short story writer. He fictitiously attracts the attention of an entire, 12-person village through his Lullaby assuaging Þrá, Romanized Thrá ("desire, longing, yearning") in Þorpið, Romanized Thorpid, anglicized The Girl Who Died, by Ragnar Jónasson: CC BY SA 4.0 International, via IMSLP Petrucci Music Library

Thorpid, literally The Village but non-literally anglicized as The Girl Who Died, first thriller in three stand-alone novels by Ragnar Jónasson, alludes to a lullaby by Icelandic Canadian author Thorsteinn Th. Thorsteinsson.

The first stand-alone thriller begins with four lines, on front-matter page ix, by Thorsteinn Th. Thorsteinsson (Nov. 11, 1879-Dec. 23, 1955), Romanized from Þorsteinn Þ. Þorsteinsson. Thorsteinn Th. Thorsteinsson (“thunder stone’s son”) calls his poem to coax the child Thrá (“desire, longing, yearning”) to close her eyes for bedtime or naptime Lullaby. The name fictitiously designates the seven-year-old Thrá (1920-1927) who dies from drinking rat-poisoned milk and dwells as an audible, visible ghost at her Skálar death place.

Sometimes all four lines, sometimes two lines from the Thorsteinsson lullaby ease into the Jónasson plot, on pages 2, 4, 84, 96, 221, 283 and 286.

Her mother at first fancies the Thorsteinsson lullaby as a favorite that she fit into night-time singing to fill the young Una (“happy) with sleepy feelings.

The lullaby generates a telephone call to Una from her mother, who gathered Davíd Stefánsson (Jan. 21, 1895-March 1, 1964) poetry to guide Una to sleep. The Stefánsson Sleep Song has the same second line as the Thorsteinsson Lullaby but the first, third and fourth to a baby, blue-eyed and not crying. The Thorsteinsson lullaby perhaps invokes Canada on the Atlantic Ocean’s west side or Iceland on the Atlantic Ocean’s east side when it identifies sunlit, transoceanic lands.

Thorsteinn Th. Thorsteinsson journeyed from Svarfadardalur, northeast Iceland, to Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, from whence his Lullaby journeyed to Þorpið, Romanized Thorpid, anglicized The Girl Who Died.

Icelandic Canadians know the Svarfadardalur (“desolator, 70-man troop, sweeper valley”) native as essayist, historian of Icelandic settlements in western Canada, painter, poet and short story writer.

They laud his five-volume Saga Íslendinga í Vesturheimi (History of the Icelanders in the Western World) through Winnipeg (Thjódraeknisfélag Íslendinga í Vesturheimi) and Reykjavík (Bókaútgáfa menningarsjóds). Tryggvi Julius Oleson (May 4, 1912-Oct. 9, 1963), University of Manitoba Professor of History, managed the fourth and the fifth volumes, which mentioned Icelanders settling Winnipeg. Heimskringla (“the world’s circle”) magazine, Hecla (“[stratovolcano’s misty] cloak”) Press and Western Icelandic Short Stories respectively netted the Thorsteinsson Lullaby, Episodes and In Days of Yore.

Þorpið, Romanized Thorpid, anglicized The Girl Who Died, offers on page 4 Lullu-bía litla Þrá, with music by Evan Fein and lyrics by Thorsteinn Th. Thorsteinsson.

The Svarfadardalur native provided the eight-line lyrics to the Órar (“delusion, fantasy”) composition, performable a cappella (“in the chapel style”), of 1904 by Jónas Pálsson (1874-?).

The secular hymn for four voices (one soprano, one alto, one tenor, one bass) quests the meaning of life in a beautiful field with fragrant flowers. Thorstein lyrics regale soprano, alto, bass, tenor and bass singers of a romantic composition realized in 1921 by Jón (“gracious God”) Friðfinnsson (“friendship, peace wanderer’s son”). They structure the Fridfinnson (Aug. 16, 1865-Dec. 16, 1936) music score for mixed chorus, piano and voice into Nýársvísur til Íslands (“New Year’s Wishes to Iceland”).

Thorsteinn Th. Thorsteinsson treasured one Thrá even as Þorpið, Romanized Thorpid, anglicized The Girl Who Died, treasures another Thrá, more tenuous, both less and more temporal.

Thorsteinsson approached western Canada as a young native son of Svarfaðardalur ("[warlord Svörfuður's] Svorfudur's valley"), Romanized Svarfadardalur, in Canada. Svarfadardalur archives cultural importance from early settlement in the ninth century by Ljótólfur goði Alreksson, Romanized Ljótólfur ("shining wolf") godi ("priest") Alreksson ("all mighty's son"), in the eastern valley and Þorsteinn svarfaður Rauðsson, Romanized Thorsteinn ("thunder stone") svarfadur ("warlord") Raudsson ("red's son"), in the western valley. It assumes political importance as Dalvíkurbyggd ("valley-bay settlement") municipality component in the Nordurland eystra ("Northeastern Region") of the Nordausturkjördæmi ("Northeast Constituency"); March 2, 2000, image of Svarfaðardalur: Arni Hjartarson, CC BY SA 3.0 Unported, via Wikimedia Commons

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

Þorsteinn Þ. Þorsteinsson (Nov. 11, 1879-Dec. 23, 1955), Romanized Thorsteinn Th. Thorsteinsson, appeals to his fellow Icelandic Canadians as an essayist, historian of Icelandic settlements in western Canada, painter, lyricist, poet and short story writer. He fictitiously attracts the attention of an entire, 12-person village through his Lullaby assuaging Þrá, Romanized Thrá ("desire, longing, yearning") in Þorpið, Romanized Thorpid, anglicized The Girl Who Died, by Ragnar Jónasson: CC BY SA 4.0 International, via IMSLP Petrucci Music Library @ https://imslp.org/wiki/File:ThorsteinnThThorsteinsson.jpg

Thorsteinsson approached western Canada as a young native son of Svarfaðardalur ("[warlord Svörfuður's] Svorfudur's valley"), Romanized Svarfadardalur, in Canada. Svarfadardalur archives cultural importance from early settlement in the ninth century by Ljótólfur goði Alreksson, Romanized Ljótólfur ("shining wolf") godi ("priest") Alreksson ("all mighty's son"), in the eastern valley and Þorsteinn svarfaður Rauðsson, Romanized Thorsteinn ("thunder stone") svarfadur ("warlord") Raudsson ("red's son"), in the western valley. It assumes political importance as Dalvíkurbyggd ("valley-bay settlement") municipality component in the Nordurland eystra ("Northeastern Region") of the Nordausturkjördæmi ("Northeast Constituency"); March 2, 2000, image of Svarfaðardalur: Arni Hjartarson, CC BY SA 3.0 Unported, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Svarfadardalur.jpg

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Met Opera Revived Stephen Wadsworth's New Iphigénie en Tauride in 2011

Summary: Met Opera revived Stephen Wadsworth's new Iphigénie en Tauride in 2011, after an absence of two seasons from the opera house's roster.

Susan Graham and Paul Groves reprised their roles as reunited sister and brother, Iphigénie and Oreste, in the 2010-2011 Met Opera season's first revival of the 2007-2008 season's new production of Gluck's Iphigénie en Tauride under Stephen Wadsworth's directorship: Richard Tucker Music Foundation @RichardTuckerMusicFoundation, via Facebook June 17, 2020

Met Opera revived Stephen Wadsworth's new Iphigénie en Tauride in 2011, after an absence from the opera house's roster for two seasons (2008-2009; 2009-2010) subsequent to the production's debut in the 2007-2008 season.

The Metropolitan Opera House's debut of a new production of Iphigénie en Tauride by 18th-century German classical composer Christoph von Gluck (July 2, 1714-Nov. 15, 1787) took place Tuesday, Nov. 27, 2007. Stephen Wadsworth (born April 3, 1953, as Stephen Wadsworth Zinsser) directed the new production, which was co-produced with Seattle Opera. The American opera and theater director had made his Met Opera debut Thursday, Dec. 2, 2004, in the Metropolitan Opera premiere of Rodelinda by German-British baroque composer George Frideric Handel (Feb. 23, 1685-April 14, 1759).

Iphigénie en Tauride's new production was presented with the opera's original French libretto. The new production received eight performances, with closing night on Thursday, April 19, 2007.

Two seasons (2008-2009; 2009-2010) elapsed between the new production's debut and its first revival. Iphigénie en Tauride's first revival took place in the 2010-2011 season. The revival received six performances. The revival's first performance took place Saturday, Feb. 12, 2011. The second through fifth performances were offered Wednesday, Feb. 16; Monday, Feb. 21; Saturday, Feb. 26; and Wednesday, March 2. The first revival's sixth, closing performance occurred Saturday, March 5.

Patrick Summers (born Aug. 14, 1963) conducted all six of the first revival's performances. The American conductor had made his Met Opera debut Thursday, Dec. 24, 1998, in the opera house's 189th performance of Die Fledermaus by Austrian light music composer Johann Strauss II (born Johann Baptist Strauss; Oct. 25, 1825-June 3, 1899).

Susan Graham (born July 23, 1960) reprised her 2007-2008 season title role as Iphigénie for four of the 2010-2011 season's six performances. She sang Iphigénie in the first revival's opening (Saturday, Feb. 12, 2011) and fourth through sixth, closing performances (Saturday, Feb. 26; Wednesday, March 2; Saturday, March 5). The American mezzo-soprano had made her Met Opera debut Thursday, Sept. 26, 1991, as the Second Lady in the opera house's 271st performance of Die Zauberflöte by Classical Era composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (Jan. 27, 1756-Dec. 5, 1791).

Susan Graham shared the title role with American mezzo-soprano Elizabeth Bishop, who sang Iphigénie in the revival's second (Wednesday, Feb. 16) and third (Monday, Feb. 21) performances. Elizabeth Bishop had made her Met Opera debut Monday, Feb. 7, 1994, as a Venetian in the opera house's 10th performance of Death in Venice by English composer Edward Benjamin Britten, Baron Britten (Nov. 22, 1913-Dec. 4, 1976).

Spanish tenor Plácido Domingo (born Jan. 21, 1941) and American operatic tenor Paul Groves (born Nov. 24, 1964) reprised their respective 2007-2008 roles as Oreste and Pylade, Oreste's best friend. Plácido Domingo had made his Met Opera debut Saturday, Sep. 28, 1968, as Maurizio in the opera house's 16th performance of Adriana Lecouvreur by Italian composer Francesco Cilea (July 23, 1866-Nov. 20, 1950). Paul Groves had made his Met Opera debut Thursday, Jan. 9, 1992, as the Steersman in the opera house's 127th performance of Der Fliegende Holländer by German Romantic era composer-librettist Richard Wagner (May 22, 1813-Feb. 13, 1883).

Gordon Hawkins sang Thoas, King of the Scythians, in all six performances. The American dramatic baritone had made his Met Opera debut Wednesday, Sept. 27, 1989, as Jake in the opera house's 33rd performance of Porgy and Bess by Jewish American composer and pianist George Gershwin (born Jacob Bruskin Gershowitz; Sept. 26, 1898-July 11, 1937).

Julie Boulianne (born Nov. 21, 1978) sang goddess Diane in all six performances. The French-Canadian mezzo-soprano's appearance in the first revival's opening performance marked her Met Opera debut.

Lei Xu (born 1963) appeared as the first revival's First Priestess. The Chinese operatic soprano's appearance in the first revival's first performance marked her Met Opera debut.

Cecelia Hall sang as the first revival's Second Priestess. The American mezzo-soprano's appearance in the first revival's opening performance marked her Met Opera debut.

David Won reprised his 2007-2008 season role as the Scythian Minister. The South Korean tenor had made his Met Opera debut Monday, Nov. 14, 2005, as Grégorio in the opera house's 301st performance of Roméo et Juliette by 19th-century French composer Charles-François Gounod (June 17, 1818-Oct. 18, 1893).

Jacqueline Antaramian (born Oct. 7, 1962) reprised her 2007-2008 season role as Clythemnestre, Iphigénie's mother. The Armenian actress had marked her Met Opera debut with her appearance in the new production's opening performance, Tuesday, Nov. 27, 2007.

Rob Besserer appeared as Agamemnon, King of Mycenae and father of Iphigénie and Oreste. The American dancer and actor had made his Met Opera debut Friday, Nov. 10, 2006, in the mute role of Ambrogio in the opera house's 551st performance of Il Barbiere di Siviglia by Italian composer Gioachino Rossini (Feb. 29, 1792-Nov. 13, 1868).

After the first revival's sixth, closing performance Saturday, March 5, 2011, Iphigénie en Tauride remained unperformed for 10 seasons (2011-2012 through 2020-2021). Met Opera activated the production's second revival in the 2021-2022 season.

The second revival offered five performances. The second revival opened Wednesday, Sep. 29, 2021. The second through fourth performances took place Saturday, Oct. 2; Wednesday, Oct. 6; and Saturday, Oct. 9. The second revival's fifth, closing performance happened Friday, Oct. 15.

The takeaways for Met Opera's revival of Stephen Wadsworth's new Iphigénie en Tauride in 2011 are that the 2010-2011 season's first revival offered six performances; that Susan Graham, Plácido Domingo and Paul Groves reprised their 2007-2008 season roles as Iphigénie, Oreste and Pylade, respectively; that 10 seasons elapsed between the 2010-2011 season's first revival and the 2021-2022 season's second revival of Stephen Wadsworth's new production; and that the second revival's five performances spanned opening Wednesday, Sep. 29, to closing Friday, Oct. 15.

American mezzo-soprano Cecelia Hall made her Met Opera debut Saturday, Feb. 12, 2011, as the Second Priestess in the opening performance of Met Opera's first revival of Stephen Wadsworth's new production of 18th-century German classical composer Christoph von Gluck's Iphigénie en Tauride: Cecelia Hall @cecehallsings via Twitter June 17, 2020

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

Susan Graham and Paul Groves reprised their roles as reunited sister and brother, Iphigénie and Oreste, in the 2010-2011 Met Opera season's first revival of the 2007-2008 season's new production of Gluck's Iphigénie en Tauride under Stephen Wadsworth's directorship: Richard Tucker Music Foundation @RichardTuckerMusicFoundation, via Facebook June 17, 2020, @ https://www.facebook.com/RichardTuckerMusicFoundation/posts/3126619500694795

American mezzo-soprano Cecelia Hall made her Met Opera debut Saturday, Feb. 12, 2011, as the Second Priestess in the opening performance of Met Opera's first revival of Stephen Wadsworth's new production of 18th-century German classical composer Christoph von Gluck's Iphigénie en Tauride: Cecelia Hall @cecehallsings via Twitter June 17, 2020, @ https://twitter.com/cecehallsings/status/1273232644885676032

For further information:

Cecelia Hall @cecehallsings. "My Met debut as a Priestess/sidekick of the great Susan Graham/dancer (?!!) airs tonight thru tomorrow! Was srsly such a delight to perform on that stage in my teacher Stephen Wadsworth’s production. http://metopera.org/week14streams Iphigénie en Tauride is tonight’s Met Opera Stream!" Twitter. June 17, 2020.
Available @ https://twitter.com/cecehallsings/status/1273232644885676032

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Marriner, Derdriu. "Iphigénie en Tauride Was To Be Saturday Matinee Broadcast Feb. 26, 2022." Earth and Space News. Monday, Aug. 8, 2022.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/08/iphigenie-en-tauride-was-to-be-saturday.html

Marriner, Derdriu. "Met Opera Launched Iphigénie en Tauride's New Production Nov. 27, 2007." Earth and Space News. Monday, Aug. 22, 2022.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/08/met-opera-launched-iphigenie-en.html

Marriner, Derdriu. "Met Opera Staged Iphigénie en Tauride's U.S. Premiere Nov. 25, 1916." Earth and Space News. Monday, Aug. 15, 2022.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/08/met-opera-staged-iphigenie-en-taurides.html

"New Production: Iphigénie en Tauride." MetOpera Database > [Met Performance] CID: 352202 New Production Iphigénie en Tauride {6} Metropolitan Opera House: 11/27/2007.
Available @ http://archives.metoperafamily.org/archives/scripts/cgiip.exe/WService=BibSpeed/fullcit.w?xCID=352202

Richard Tucker Music Foundation @RichardTuckerMusicFoundation. "Richard Tucker Grant Recipients Susan Graham and Paul Groves are featured in The Metropolitan Opera's stream of its 2011 production of Gluck’s "Iphigénie en Tauride" streamed tonight at metopera.org. Photo of Susan Graham by Dario Acosta." Facebook. June 17, 2020.
Available @ https://www.facebook.com/RichardTuckerMusicFoundation/posts/3126619500694795

Tucker Foundation @RTuckerMusicFdn. "The @MetOpera's stream tonight of its 2011 production of "Iphigénie en Tauride" features Tucker Recipients @MezzoGraham and Paul Groves." Twitter. March 24, 2021.
Available @ https://twitter.com/RTuckerMusicFdn/status/1374782601588789259