Monday, October 31, 2022

Madama Butterfly Is the Most Performed Opera at Hawai'i Opera Theatre


Summary: Madama Butterfly is the most performed opera at Hawai'i Opera Theatre, with 32 performances in 10 of HOT's 63 seasons, 1960-1961 to 2022-2023.


mother Cio-Cio-san and child Trouble, portrayed, respectively, by Taiwanese soprano Karen Chia-Ling Ho and Hawai'i's Leah Hayasaka, in the 2021-2022 HOT season's staging of Giacomo Puccini's Madama Butterfly: Hawaii Opera Theatre, via Facebook May 19, 2022

Puccini's Madama Butterfly is the most performed opera at Hawai'i Opera Theatre (HOT), with a tally of 32 performances in 10 of HOT's 63 seasons, 1960-1961 to 2022-2023.
Madama Butterfly by Italian opera composer Giacomo Puccini (Dec. 22, 1858-Nov. 29, 1924) holds the distinction of inaugurating Hawai'i Opera Theatre's first season in 1961. The inaugural season's only opera received three performances. HOT's first season opened Saturday, March 4. The opera's second performance was offered Sunday, March 5. Madama Butterfly's third performance, Tuesday, March 7, closed the season. The opera was performed in the Marion McCarrell (M.M.) Scott Auditorium in President William McKinley High School, known as McKinley High School, located at 1039 South King Street in central Honolulu's Ala Moana neighborhood in southwestern O'ahu.
Puccini's Japan-based opera returned for HOT's second season in 1961. Madama Butterfly rostered as the second season's second opera, with two performances on Friday, April 6, and Sunday, April 8. La Traviata by Italian opera composer Giuseppe Verdi (Oct. 10, 1813-Jan. 27, 1901) had opened HOT's second season with three performances on Friday, March 23; Sunday, March 25; and Tuesday, March 27.
After an absence of seven seasons, Madama Butterfly opened HOT's 10th season with three performances as the first of two operas in 1970. Madama Butterfly's season opener was held Friday, Feb. 6. The opera's second and third performances took place Monday, Feb. 9, and Tuesday, Feb. 10. Madama Butterfly shared the 10th season with The Marriage of Figaro (Italian: Le Nozze di Figaro) by Classical Era composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (Jan. 27, 1756-Dec. 5, 1791). Mozart's comic opera was performed Friday, Feb. 20; Sunday, Feb. 22; and Tuesday, Feb. 24.
A sequence of seven Madama Butterfly-less seasons ended with the opera's appearance as the third of three operas in HOT's 18th season in 1978. The tragic opera's three performances were offered Friday, Feb. 17; Sunday, Feb. 19; and, as season closer, Tuesday, Feb. 21. HOT's 1978 season had opened with three performances (Friday, Jan. 20; Sunday, Jan. 22; Tuesday, Jan. 24) of Samson and Dalila (Samson et Dalila) by French Romantic Era composer Camille Saint-Saëns (Oct. 9, 1835-Dec. 16, 1921) The season's second opera, Ariadne Aux Naxos by German late Romantic and early modern composer Richard Strauss (June 11, 1864-Sept. 8, 1949), received three performances on Friday, Feb. 3; Sunday, Feb. 5; and Tuesday, Feb. 7.
Six seasons separated the fourth and fifth seasons in Madama Butterfly's HOT repertoire. The opera returned in 1985 as the third of three operas in HOT's 25th season. Madama Butterfly's four performances occurred Friday, March 1; Sunday, March 3; Tuesday, March 5; and, as season closer, Wednesday, March 6. Mozart's The Magic Flute (German: Die Zauberflöte) had opened the season with three performances on Friday, Feb. 1; Sunday, Feb. 3; and Tuesday, Feb. 5 . As the season's second opera, The Flying Dutchman (Der Fliegende Holländer) by German Romantic Era composer-librettist Richard Wagner (May 22, 1813-Feb. 13, 1883), offered three mid-month performances on Friday, Feb. 15; Sunday, Feb. 17; and Tuesday, Feb. 19.
Madama Butterfly's sixth HOT season in 1993 followed the opera's seven-season absence. HOT's 33rd season featured Madama Butterfly as the third of three operas. The Puccini opera's four performances were held Friday, Feb. 26; Sunday, Feb. 28; Tuesday, March 2; and, as season closer, Thursday, March 4. Saint-Saëns' Samson and Dalila, which had shared HOT's 1978 season with Madama Butterfly, opened the 1993 with three performances on Friday, Jan. 29; Sunday, Jan. 31; and Tuesday, Feb. 2. Between Samson and Dalila and Madama Butterfly, Die Fledermaus by Austrian light music composer Johann Strauss II (born Johann Baptist Strauss; Oct. 25, 1825-June 3, 1899) received four performances on Friday, Feb. 12; Sunday, Feb. 14; Tuesday, Feb. 16; and Thursday, Feb. 18.
After an absence of six seasons, Madama Butterfly added a seventh season to the opera's HOT repertoire in 2000. As the third of three operas in HOT's 40th season, Madama Butterfly received four performances on Friday, Feb. 25; Sunday, Feb. 27; Tuesday, Feb. 29; and, as season closer, Thursday, March 2. Wagner's Tristan and Isolde (German: Tristan und Isolde) had opened the season with three performances on Friday, Jan. 28; Sunday, Jan. 30; and Tuesday, Feb. 1. The season's second opera, The Barber of Seville (Il Barbiere di Siviglia) by Italian composer Gioachino Rossini (Feb. 29, 1792-Nov. 13, 1868), had three performances on Friday, Feb. 11; Sunday, Feb. 13; and Tuesday, Feb. 15.
An intermission of six seasons distanced Madama Butterfly's seventh HOT season from its eighth. In 2007, Madama Butterfly rostered as the third of three operas, with three performances on Friday, March 2; Sunday, March 4; and, as season closer, Tuesday, March 6. The 47th HOT season's scheduling of Saint-Saëns' Samson and Dalila marked the opera's third shared season with Madama Butterfly. Samson and Dalila's three performances were held on Friday, Feb. 2; Sunday, Feb. 4; and Monday, Feb. 5. Mozart's Don Giovanni sequenced as the season's second opera, with three performances on Friday, Feb. 16; Sunday, Feb. 18; and Tuesday, Feb. 20.
Madama Butterfly's ninth HOT season followed the opera's seven-season absence from Hawai'i Opera Theatre's active repertoire. Madama Butterfly opened the 2014-2015 HOT season as the first of four operas. The Puccini opera received three performances on Friday, Oct. 10; Sunday, Oct. 12; and Tuesday, Oct. 14, 2014. The 55th HOT season's second opera, Wagner's The Flying Dutchman, added its second shared season with Madama Butterfly and tallied three performances on Friday, Feb. 13; Sunday, Feb. 15; and Tuesday, Feb. 17, 2015. Siren Song by English composer Jonathan Dove (born July 18, 1959) was scheduled as the season's third opera with six performances on Friday, March 20; Saturday, March 21; Sunday, March 22; Friday, March 27; Saturday, March 28; and Sunday, March 29. Sweeney Todd by American composer and lyricist Stephen Sondheim (March 22, 1930-Nov. 26, 2021) closed the 55th HOT season with three performances on Friday, April 24; Sunday, April 26; and, as season closer, Tuesday, April 28.
After an absence of six seasons, Madama Butterfly returned for its 10th season in 2022. Madama Butterfly closed the 62nd HOT season with three performances on Friday, April 8; Sunday, April 10; and, as season closer, Tuesday, April 12, 2022. The Tragedy of Carmen by English film and theatre director Peter Brook (March 21, 1925-July 2, 2022), opened as the first of the 2021-2022 season's two operas. Siren Song's two performances were held on Friday, Feb. 18; and Sunday, Feb. 20, 2022. The 62nd HOT season's second set of performances, entitled Re-Emerging: HOT Live in Concert, celebrated "the return to live opera," according to the event's HOT Hawai'i Opera Theatre webpage. The 90-minute program of opera and musical theater selections received two performances on Friday, March 11; and Sunday, March 13.
Madama Butterfly's 10 seasons of performances by Hawai'i Opera Theatre began with the opera's prestigious status as the performing arts venue's inaugural opera in spring 1961. Hawai'i Opera Theatre has staged the Puccini opera in every decade of Hawai'i Opera Theatre's six-decade history.

Hawai'i Opera Theatre's inaugural opera, Puccini's Madama Butterfly, was staged, with three performances in March 1961, in President William McKinley High School's M.M. (Marion McCarrell) Scott Auditorium in O'ahu; bronze statue of President McKinley by Amprior, South Ontario, Canada-born, Honolulu-based sculptor Gordon van Renseterer Usborne (April 30, 1876-1933), dedicated Feb. 23, 1911; Oct. 10, 2010, image of McKinley High School: Joel (coconut wireless), CC BY ND 2.0 Generic, via Flickr

Acknowledgment
My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:
mother Cio-Cio-san and child Trouble, portrayed, respectively, by Taiwanese soprano Karen Chia-Ling Ho and Hawai'i's Leah Hayasaka, in the 2021-2022 HOT season's staging of Giacomo Puccini's Madama Butterfly: Hawaii Opera Theatre, via Facebook May 19, 2022, @ https://www.facebook.com/HawaiiOpera/posts/10159029788192712/
Hawai'i Opera Theatre's inaugural opera, Puccini's Madama Butterfly, was staged, with three performances in March 1961, in President William McKinley High School's M.M. (Marion McCarrell) Scott Auditorium in O'ahu; bronze statue of President McKinley by Amprior, South Ontario, Canada-born, Honolulu-based sculptor Gordon van Renseterer Usborne (April 30, 1876-1933), dedicated Feb. 23, 1911; Oct. 10, 2010, image of McKinley High School: Joel (coconut wireless), CC BY ND 2.0 Generic, via Flickr @ https://www.flickr.com/photos/frikitiki/5066032379/

For further information:
City and County of Honolulu Neighborhood Commission Office. Boundary Maps. City and County of Honolulu > Neighborhood Commission Office (NCO) > Resources.
Available @ https://www.honolulu.gov/index.php/cms-nco-menu/site-nco-sitearticles/446-boundary-maps.html
Gereben, Janos. "Ho'okani hana keaka: a History of Opera in Hawaii." The Beads Language Site > Janos Gereben. 1973, 1999.
Available @ https://beadslang.com/janos/hot1223.htm
Gurewitsch, Matthew. "Opera Aloha! Hawaii Opera Theatre, past and future." Beyond Criticism. April 1, 2018.
Available @ https://beyondcriticism.com/21012/opera-aloha
Hall, Dale E. "Opera and Operetta in Nineteenth-Century Hawai'i." The Hawaiian Journal of History, vol. 31 (1997): 71-96.
Available via CORE @ https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/5014566.pdf
Hall, Dale E. "Two Hawaiian Careers in Grand Opera." The Hawaiian Journal of History, vol. 26 (1992): 165-183.
Available via University of Hawai'i at Manoa eVols @ https://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/618/JL26173.pdf
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Available @ https://www.facebook.com/HawaiiOpera/posts/10159029788192712/
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Available @ https://www.hawaiiopera.org/re-emerging/
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Available @ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fsSIp1VX0yE
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Lau-Grover, Kristen. "HOT’S Madam Butterfly Events Are Underway!" Hawai'i Opera Theatre > News & Events > Tag Archives: Madam Butterfly. Oct. 7, 2014.
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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/10/gianni-schicchi-opens-april-28-as-2022.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Hawai'i Opera Theatre Has Three Operas in Joy-Themed 2022-2023 Season." Earth and Space News. Monday, Oct. 3, 2022.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/10/hawaii-opera-theatre-has-three-operas.html
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Saturday, October 29, 2022

Urban Forestry Around the Globe Assesses Private and Public Trees


Summary: Urban forestry around the globe assesses private and public trees and attempts to aid them all, according to a PlanIT Geo webinar Wednesday, Oct. 26, 2022.


Global urban forestry consulting and software development firm PlanIT Geo answers to Arvada, Colorado, as home base; Wednesday, July 22, 2015, 08:31, aerial view of Arvada, north central Colorado: Mvanderkolk, CC BY SA 4.0 International, via Wikimedia Commons

Urban forestry around the globe assesses private and public trees and attempts to aid them all, according to an hour-long PlanIT Geo webinar, Urban Forestry Around the Globe, Wednesday, Oct. 26, 2022.
The PlanIT Geo webinar with Ian Hanou, Russell Horsey, Cecil Koninendijk, Frank Mastrobuono and David Sivyer bears International Society of Arboriculture-certified arborists one Continuing Education Unit. Commonest concerns consider concomitant consequences of 10-year, 20-year, 30-year planned ambition levels and structured approaches for and from climate change-correlated technology, policy, funding, engagement and community. Ian Hanou of PlanIT Geo describes remote sensing detailing private-property trees outdistancing public-property and, in Grand Junction, Colorado, underserving low-income neighborhood canopy cover by 75 percent.
Hanou encourages community, governmental, non-profit and urban forestry teamwork in, for example, carbon-sequestering, ecosystem-benefiting plantings and ordinance writing, such that 21st-century technological tools effectuate policy change.

Russell Horsey, MICFor Member of the Institute of Chartered Foresters, finds few non-governmental organizations in the United Kingdom where the second-largest city, Birmingham, nevertheless features free tree giveaways.
Urban forestry gradates from small start-ups whose budgets guard extra money for community-engaging, fund-raising plantings to those whose budgets gestate practical engineering for data-driven, policy-influencing plantings. Research hastens ahead of planning, politicians hint of funding and technological tools hurry ahead of policy such that Horsey hails diverse data-collecting, practical data-driven, public-engaging plantings. Horsey indicates that street trees include all trees visible from the street even as urban forestry is about increasing city, green, private spaces’ carbon-sequestering tree species.
Cecil Konijnendijk of Nature Based Solutions Institute (NBSI) joins private and public trees in urban forestry, whose professional management juxtaposes vision, assessment, structure, ordinances and inventory.

Keen, knowledgeable urban forestry kindles government by-laws, drainage-fee reductions, subsidies and tax reductions for keeping private properties tree-covered, for carbon-sequestering, cooling, water-saving ecosystem benefits.
Konijnendijk links urban forestry lauding climate and health benefits, launching ordinances and lodging canopy-assessing drone and sensor technology to role-modeling Melbourne, Singapore and Zurich green spaces. NBSI-mobilized urban forestry matches 3 trees per home, each 300 meters (984.25 feet) from green space or public park, and 30 percent canopy cover per neighborhood. Frank Mastrobuono of PlanIT Geo notes funding-source requirements and tree ordinances, urban heat islands (UHI) and utility rights-of-way (ROW) sometimes necessitating public- over private-space urban forestry.
Funding-source requirements operated against an impoverished community whose high-canopied private trees originated in unmanaged invasives whose carbon-sequestering, cooling, ecosystem-benefiting, water-conserving urban forestry obliged their continued occupancy.

David Sivyer of the United States Forest Service presents Milwaukee, Wisconsin, as a patched forest whose private and public trees technological tools patrolled for pest-preparedness mapping.
Arbor Day qualifies as quintessential opportunity for urban forestry to quest community engagement and governmental and non-governmental, private and public funding for private and public trees. Urban forestry requires realizing what resides in, on, under private and public spaces, with the former renderable for such benefits as community trees through sidewalk easements. It suggests sustainable payback on private and public trees, private and public spaces, within 5 to 10 years through such efficiencies as cyclical over reactive pruning.
Urban forestry around the globe touches upon green spaces be they private or public spaces and upon all their trees, be they private or public trees.

David Sivyer of the United States Forest Service ascribes to Milwaukee the appealing status of patched forest; Sunday, Sep. 20, 2009, 10:57, image of Milwaukee on southwestern shore of Lake Michigan, from 38,000 feet: Ron Reiring from Inland Empire of Southern California, USA, CC BY 2.0 Generic, via Wikimedia Commons

Acknowledgment
My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:
Global urban forestry consulting and software development firm PlanIT Geo answers to Arvada, Colorado, as home base; Wednesday, July 22, 2015, 08:31, aerial view of Arvada, north central Colorado: Mvanderkolk, CC BY SA 4.0 International, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Aerial_image_of_Arvada,_Colorado.jpg
David Sivyer of the United States Forest Service ascribes to Milwaukee the appealing status of patched forest; Sunday, Sep. 20, 2009, 10:57, image of Milwaukee on southwestern shore of Lake Michigan, from 38,000 feet: Ron Reiring from Inland Empire of Southern California, USA, CC BY 2.0 Generic, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Milwaukee,_Wisconsin_(3942817988).jpg; Ron Reiring (kla4067), CC BY 2.0 Generic, via Flickr @ https://www.flickr.com/photos/84263554@N00/3942817988/

For further information:
Gilman, Ed. 2011. An Illustrated Guide to Pruning. Third Edition. Boston MA: Cengage.
Hayes, Ed. 2001. Evaluating Tree Defects. Revised, Special Edition. Rochester MN: Safe Trees.
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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/07/soil-roots-leaves-dormant-buds-affect.html
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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/07/nick-araya-of-treecarela-addressed-palm.html
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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/06/native-wood-borers-alarm-ornamental.html
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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/05/structural-pruning-adds-no-branch-union.html
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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/04/stationary-rope-systems-srs-annul.html
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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/03/inducing-agents-and-synthetic.html
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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/08/arboricultural-operation-safety.html
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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/07/sensitivity-analyses-admit-ecosystem.html
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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/05/trent-dicks-alerted-treestuff-webinar.html
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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/03/arboricultural-operation-safety.html
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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/12/pruning-cuts-applied-ably-appropriately.html
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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/11/structural-growing-media-and-supported.html
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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/10/tree-pruning-systems-answer-to-best.html
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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/09/southeastern-street-tree-arthropod.html
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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/08/cost-approach-approximates-plant-repair.html
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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/07/indirect-watering-devices-are-there-for.html
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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/06/plant-appraisal-data-collection-allies.html
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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/04/woody-plant-appraisal-data-collection.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 30 March 2019. "Balancing Roadside Tree Benefits and Risk of Streetscape Tree Crashes." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/01/urban-tree-vulnerability-in-residential.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 30 December 2018. "Plant Appraisal: Cost and Value Estimates and Economic Principles." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/12/plant-appraisal-cost-and-value.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 23 December 2018. "Six-Year Forest Health Ambassador Program of Oakville, Ontario, Canada." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/12/six-year-forest-health-ambassador.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 21 October 2018. "Nursery Production Systems: Tough Urban Landscape Trees on Rough Sites." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/10/nursery-production-systems-tough-urban.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 16 September 2018. "Induced-Resistance Agents, Silicon Fertilizers, Synthetic Fungicides." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/09/induced-resistance-agents-silicon.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 26 August 2018. "Nursery Production Systems for Successful Urban Tree Plantings." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/08/nursery-production-systems-for.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 29 July 2018. "Tree Roots Branch in Fabric Containers But Circle and Girdle Plastic." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/07/tree-roots-branch-in-fabric-containers.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 30 June 2018. "Wood Decay Fungi Management of Terminal Urban Pathogens." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/06/wood-decay-fungi-management-of-terminal.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 27 May 2018. "Downtown Commercial Streetscape Tree Populations in Toronto, Canada." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/05/downtown-commercial-streetscape-tree.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 28 April 2018. “Mushroom-Forming and Non-Mushroom-Forming Fungal Life Cycle Traits.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/04/mushroom-forming-and-non-mushroom.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 17 March 2018. “Emerald Ash Borer Rapid Response Community Preparedness Project.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/03/emerald-ash-borer-rapid-response.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 17 February 2018. “Tree Retention by Arborists for Wildlife Habitat Friendly Tree Care.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/02/tree-retention-by-arborists-for.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 14 January 2018. “Integrated Vegetation Management Study in North and South Yukon, Canada.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/01/integrated-vegetation-management-study.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 9 December 2017. “Tree Inventories: Preemptive and Proactive or Piecemeal and Reactive.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/12/tree-inventories-preemptive-and.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 25 November 2017. “Chlorantraniliprole Reduced-Risk Insecticides Get Leaf-Eaters Not Bees.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/11/chlorantraniliprole-reduced-risk.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 28 October 2017. “Palm Plant Health Care: Abiotic, Biotic Stress Culture and Management.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/10/palm-plant-health-care-abiotic-biotic.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 16 September 2017. “Predawn Leaf Water Potentials Indicate Crown Dieback and Water Status.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/09/predawn-leaf-water-potentials-indicate.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 19 August 2017. “Palm Tree Identification and Pruning of Native and Naturalizable Palms.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/08/palm-tree-identification-and-pruning-of.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 22 July 2017. “Commonly Planted, Potentially Phytoremediating Street Tree Species.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/07/commonly-planted-potentially.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 17 June 2017. “Root Loss From Root Pruning and Root Shaving of Stem-Girdling Roots.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/06/root-loss-from-root-pruning-and-root.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 27 May 2017. “Age and Canopy Area Cost Less and Tell More in Urban Tree Inventories.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/05/age-and-canopy-area-cost-less-and-tell.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 22 April 2017. “Urban Root Management: Big Infrastructure, Small Space, Stressed Roots.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/04/urban-root-management-big.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 12 March 2017. “Flexural Elasticity Modulus: Trees and Watersprouts Bend or Break.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/03/flexural-elasticity-modulus-trees-and.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 18 February 2017. “Plant Health Care Diagnostics When Plants and Places Wrong One Another.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/02/plant-health-care-diagnostics-when.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 14 January 2017. “Tree Fertilization for Fine Root Growth and Whole Root System Effects.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/01/tree-fertilization-for-fine-root-growth.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 17 December 2016. “Abiotic and Biotic Stress in Low Maintenance Tree Health Care Programs.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/12/abiotic-and-biotic-stress-in-low.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 19 November 2016. “Organic Amendments to Compacted Degraded Urban Highway Roadsides.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/11/organic-amendments-to-compacted.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 15 October 2016. “Tree Protection Zones by Arborists for All Construction Project Phases.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/10/tree-protection-zones-by-arborists-for.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 17 September 2016. “Stormwater Runoff Landscaping With Urban Canopy Cover and Groundcover.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/09/stormwater-runoff-landscaping-with.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 13 August 2016. “Changing Places: Tree Nutrient Movement Down, Tree Water Movement Up.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/08/changing-places-tree-nutrient-movement.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 16 July 2016. “Treated or Untreated Oriental Bittersweet Vine Management Cut-Stumping.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/07/treated-or-untreated-oriental.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 18 June 2016. “Tree Injection Site Procedures: Manufacturer's Instructions and Labels.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/06/tree-injection-site-procedures.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 22 May 2016. “Electrical Utility Area Temperate Urban Street Trees: Pruned Regrowth.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/05/electrical-utility-area-temperate-urban.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 16 April 2016. “Tree Injection Methods: Treatment Option in Integrated Pest Management.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/04/tree-injection-methods-treatment-option.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 6 March 2016. “Bare-Rooted Ornamental Urban Transplants: Amendments Against Mortality.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/03/bare-rooted-ornamental-urban.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 28 February 2016. “Bark Protective Survival Mechanisms Foil Deprivation, Injury, Invasion.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/02/bark-protective-survival-mechanisms.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 23 January 2016. "LITA Model: Linear Index of Tree Appraisal of Large Urban Swedish Trees." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/01/lita-model-linear-index-of-tree.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 19 December 2015. “Tree Lightning Protection Systems: Site, Soil, Species True Designs.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/12/tree-lightning-protection-systems-site.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 24 October 2015. “Tree Lightning Protection Systems Tailored to Sites, Soils, Species.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/10/tree-lightning-protection-systems.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 15 August 2015. “Tree Friendly Urban Soil Management: Amend, Fertilize, Mulch, Till!” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/08/tree-friendly-urban-soil-management.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 13 June 2015. “Tree Friendly Urban Soil Management: Assemble, Assess, Assist, Astound.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/06/tree-friendly-urban-soil-management.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 18 April 2015. “Tree Wound Responses: Healthy Wound Closures by Callus and Woundwood.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/04/tree-wound-responses-healthy-wound.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 15 February 2015. “Urban Forest Maintenance and Non-Maintenance Costs and Benefits.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/02/urban-forest-maintenance-and-non.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 13 December 2014. “Tree Dwelling Symbionts: Dodder, Lichen, Mistletoe, Moss and Woe-Vine.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/12/tree-dwelling-symbionts-dodder-lichen.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 18 October 2014. “Tree Cable Installation Systems Lessen Target Impact From Tree Failure.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/10/tree-cable-installation-systems-lessen.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 16 August 2014. “Flood Tolerant Trees in Worst-Case Floodplain and Urbanized Scenarios.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/08/flood-tolerant-trees-in-worst-case.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 14 June 2014. “Integrated Vegetation Management of Plants in Utility Rights-of-Way.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/06/integrated-vegetation-management-of.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 12 April 2014. “Tree Twig Identification: Buds, Bundle Scars, Leaf Drops, Leaf Scars.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/04/tree-twig-identification-buds-bundle.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 15 February 2014. “Tree Twig Anatomy: Ecosystem Stress, Growth Rates, Winter Identification.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/02/tree-twig-anatomy-ecosystem-stress.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 14 December 2013. “Community and Tree Safety Awareness During Line- and Road-Clearances.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/12/community-and-tree-safety-awareness.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 13 October 2013. “Chain-Saw Gear and Tree Work Related Personal Protective Equipment.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/10/chain-saw-gear-and-tree-work-related.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 12 October 2013. “Storm Damaged Tree Clearances: Matched Teamwork of People to Equipment.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/10/storm-damaged-tree-clearances-matched.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 17 August 2013. “Storm Induced Tree Damage Assessments: Pre-Storm Planned Preparedness.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/08/storm-induced-tree-damage-assessments.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 15 June 2013. “Storm Induced Tree Failures From Heavy Tree Weights and Weather Loads.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/06/storm-induced-tree-failures-from-heavy.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 13 April 2013. “Urban Tree Root Management Concerns: Defects, Digs, Dirt, Disturbance.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/04/urban-tree-root-management-concerns.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 16 February 2013. “Tree Friendly Beneficial Soil Microbes: Inoculations and Occurrences.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/02/tree-friendly-beneficial-soil-microbes.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 15 December 2012. “Healthy Urban Tree Root Crown Balances: Soil Properties, Soil Volumes.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/12/healthy-urban-tree-root-crown-balances.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 13 October 2012. “Tree Adaptive Growth: Tree Risk Assessment of Tree Failure, Tree Strength.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/10/tree-adaptive-growth-tree-risk.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 11 August 2012. “Tree Risk Assessment Mitigation Reports: Tree Removal, Tree Retention?” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/08/tree-risk-assessment-mitigation-reports.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 16 June 2012. “Internally Stressed, Response Growing, Wind Loaded Tree Strength.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/06/internally-stressed-response-growing.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 14 April 2012. “Three Tree Risk Assessment Levels: Limited Visual, Basic and Advanced.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/04/three-tree-risk-assessment-levels.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 19 February 2012. “Qualitative Tree Risk Assessment: Risk Ratings for Targets and Trees.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/02/qualitative-tree-risk-assessment-risk.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 18 February 2012. “Qualitative Tree Risk Assessment: Falling Trees Impacting Targets.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/02/qualitative-tree-risk-assessment.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 10 December 2011. “Tree Risk Assessment: Tree Failures From Defects and From Wind Loads.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/12/tree-risk-assessment-tree-failures-from.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 15 October 2011. “Five Tree Felling Plan Steps for Successful Removals and Worker Safety.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/10/five-tree-felling-plan-steps-for.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 13 August 2011. “Natives and Non-Natives as Successfully Urbanized Plant Species.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/08/natives-and-non-natives-as-successfully.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 11 June 2011. “Tree Ring Patterns for Ecosystem Ages, Dates, Health and Stress.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/06/tree-ring-patterns-for-ecosystem-ages.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 9 April 2011. “Benignly Ugly Tree Disorders: Oak Galls, Powdery Mildew, Sooty Mold, Tar Spot.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/04/benignly-ugly-tree-disorders-oak-galls.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 12 February 2011. “Tree Load Can Turn Tree Health Into Tree Failure or Tree Fatigue.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/02/tree-load-can-turn-tree-health-into.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 22 December 2010. “Tree Electrical Safety Knowledge, Precautions, Risks and Standards.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2010/12/tree-electrical-safety-knowledge.html
Purcell, Lindsey. 26 August 2021. "Impact of Late Season Pruning." TreeStuff > Webinars > Webinar 141.
Available @ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CZkS9c5X4F4&feature=youtu.be



Friday, October 28, 2022

Sanchi Buddhist Monuments Archive Stupa No. 1 Women Donor Inscriptions


Summary: Sanchi Buddhist monuments archive Stupa No. 1 women donor inscriptions, according to Major General Sir Alexander Cunningham in 1854 in The Bhilsa Topes.


Major General Sir Alexander Cunningham (Jan. 23, 1814-Nov. 28, 1893) acknowledges as "the most valuable of all the inscriptions on the Sánchi colonnade" (1854: page 251) Sanchi Stupa No. 1 inscriptions 33 and 110. Inscriptions 33 and 110 respectively address Bhanduka as "Goti's son" (1854:239) and Subáhita as "son of Goti, the royal scribe" (1854:251). The family associations to Goti, one of the first five adherents of Siddhartha Gautama (from Sanskrit सिद्धार्थ, "successful"; गौतम, “light[-dispelling] darkness”) as Gautama Buddha (from Sanskrit सिद्धार्थ, "successful" and बुद्ध, “awakened”), allow inscription dating to "the early part of Asoka's reign" (1854:251). Cunningham analyses generally attribute dates from the sixth century BCE, the third century BCE -- the reigning time period of Mauryan (from Sanskrit मोर, “peacock [clan emblem]”) Emperor Ashoka (from Sanskrit अशोक, “sorrow-free”), from 268 BCE to his death in 232 BCE -- and the first century AD/CE about Sanchi Buddhist monuments such as Stupa No. 1; depiction of Sermon in the Deer Park, Wat Chedi Liam (Thai: วัดเจดีย์เหลี่ยม; "Temple of the Squared Pagoda"), Chiang Mai, northern Thailand: KayEss, CC BY SA 3.0 Unported, via Wikimedia Commons

Sanchi Buddhist monuments archive Stupa No. 1 women donor inscriptions, according to Major General Sir Alexander Cunningham in 1854 in The Bhilsa Topes, his book about ancient Buddhist Sanchi and Sanchi-area monuments.
Major General Sir Alexander Cunningham (Jan. 23, 1814-Nov. 28, 1893) balances men and women donor inscriptions at ratios that broker women among ancientest and recentest inscriptions. Nuns comprise inscribees 2, Haná; 7, Deva’s sister, Dharmanaká; 14, Achalá of Nadinagara; 22, Chandá; 26, Udatiká of Vidisa and monks 6, Kánda; and 21, Pusagiri. Donor inscription numbers 8, 16, 18 and 37 respectively designate Ahi-Mitra’s mother, Vákalá Devi; Sinha-Rakshita’s sister-in-law, Sona-Deva; inscribee 36 Subhaga’s sister; and Sarhineyaka’s mother, Arya Rahilá.
Nágá and Dásá, sisters-in-law of Sreshti “head of a guild” and “master of a trade” (1854: page 281) of Kandarigámiya, respectively enabled inscriptions 46 and 45.

Inscriptions 23 and 124, 87, 94 and 182 feature sreshti (from Sanskrit सृष्टि, “creation”) ascetic Abeyaka, harbor master, Bhadra of Kundura and weavers’ master Nágapriya Achhavada.
Tope (from Sanskrit स्तूप, “[relic-gathered] heap” via Pali thūpa, “stupa”) inscriptions guard among first inscribees 1, Dharma Siva of Kekateyapura; 3, Vajra-Gupta; and 4, Dharmagirika’s mother. Inscriptions 5 and 9 honor Janamata Vrijta of Kekateyaka and Phalguna, female-gendered, inscribee 9 upásiká devotee; non-gendered inscribee 75; inscribee 135 Upasidya’s brother and mendicant monk. Mendicant monks Nagadina, Arya-Prasanaka, Kámboja of Nadinagara and, co-inscribee 143 with Kshudra, perhaps inscribee 114 from Kátyaprastha, Dharma Rakshita inspired inscriptions 10, 13, 15 and 19.
Mendicant monks joined mendicant nuns in their journeys to Sanchi Buddhist monuments for Sanchi (from Sanskrit शान्, “calmness”) Stupa No. 1 men and women donor inscriptions.

Pandaya’s pupil, Pratibán; Puna and Hatiya, also inscribees 158; Dhana; Yakshadána; Nagadina; and Sadhana, all mendicant monks, kindled inscriptions 24, 29, 31, 50, 74 and 79.
Mendicant monks Bhanduka, Mauryan (from Sanskrit मोर, “peacock”) scribe Goti’s son and inscribee 110 Subáhita’s brother; and Arhata Gupta of Sásárdaka logged inscriptions 33 and 35. Vákiliyán of Ujain; Ujain architect Gopála Viswakarma; Sona-Devi’s washerman, Agni; Arya-Karmaka; and Sandha Rakshita of Udubaraghariya mustered inscriptions 11 and 76, 12, 17, 20 and 25. Tope addition- and repair-nurtured inscriptions 27, 28 and 155, 30, 32 and 34 named Yasopála, Sarpagiri, Dharma Rakshitá of Mádhava community, householder Budha Ghosha and Vejajjagráma.
Buddhist (from Sanskrit बुद्ध, "awakened") Stupa No. 1 offers Sanchi Buddhist monuments men and women donor inscriptions 39, Supreme Being-longing Kakana, and 38, devotee Upásiká Vadáná.

Tubavan householder Pratisthiya, also inscribee 41; Isa-Rakshita of Narmamaká; Nandabu and Nadisirori; Pothá-Devá; and Varha of Kandarigráma respectively prompted inscriptions 40, 42, 43, 44 and 47.
Scribe Mulagiri; Ujeniyi; devotee Padoná; Isa-Datta, “humble in all things” (1854:243); devotee Upásiká Navágámiká; and Isi-Mitrá of Vahila queue inscriptions 48, 49, 51 through 54. Ujain-residing Rohuni; Dharmagiri; Sona; ascetics Pusánajá, Isi-Mitra; Mula-Dattá; Chhetra’s mother; ascetic Sinha-Dattá; Isaka Saphineyaki (“learned in Vinaya” [1854:246]) reap inscriptions 55 through 60, 66 through 68. Balaká of Ujain and Mayadattá as sister-in-law, and Himadattá and Buddhá as sisters, of inscribee 90, Upendradatta of Ujain, secured inscriptions 61, 62, 63 and 64.
Chapter XVI, Inscriptions. – No. 1. Tope. – Sánchi, teams “one-third of the gifts” (1854:268) tendered to Sanchi Buddhist monuments for Stupa No. 1 with women donor inscriptions.

Major General Sir Alexander Cunningham (Jan. 23, 1814-Nov. 28, 1893) appreciated women "who in all countries have been noted for their pious donations" (1854:268). Laywomen and mendicant nuns arranged for Sanchi Stupa No. 1 addition- and repair-associated donations. Financial and spiritual assistance by Buddhism-believing, Buddhism-practicing lay and ordained women avows an historical association back to the familial appreciation by Gautama Buddha (624 BCE?-544 BCE?) for foster-mother, stepmother and maternal aunt Mahāpajāpatī Gotamī, who acted for Buddhist ordination of women and who added to her royal titles the religious, spiritual title of first bhikkuni (from Sanskrit भिक्षुणी, "mendicant nun") and vice versa; lithographic print of Prince Siddhartha with his maternal aunt Queen Mahaprajapati Gotami by Sri Lankan temple artist, muralist and sculptor Maligawage Sarlis (1880-1955): Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Acknowledgment
My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:
Major General Sir Alexander Cunningham (Jan. 23, 1814-Nov. 28, 1893) acknowledges as "the most valuable of all the inscriptions on the Sánchi colonnade" (1854: page 251) Sanchi Stupa No. 1 inscriptions 33 and 110. Inscriptions 33 and 110 respectively address Bhanduka as "Goti's son" (1854:239) and Subáhita as "son of Goti, the royal scribe" (1854:251). The family associations to Goti, one of the first five adherents of Siddhartha Gautama (from Sanskrit सिद्धार्थ, "successful"; गौतम, “light[-dispelling] darkness”) as Gautama Buddha (from Sanskrit सिद्धार्थ, "successful" and बुद्ध, “awakened”), allow inscription dating to "the early part of Asoka's reign" (1854:251). Cunningham analyses generally attribute dates from the sixth century BCE, the third century BCE -- the reigning time period of Mauryan (from Sanskrit मोर, “peacock [clan emblem]”) Emperor Ashoka (from Sanskrit अशोक, “sorrow-free”), from 268 BCE to his death in 232 BCE -- and the first century AD/CE about Sanchi Buddhist monuments such as Stupa No. 1; depiction of Sermon in the Deer Park, Wat Chedi Liam (Thai: วัดเจดีย์เหลี่ยม; "Temple of the Squared Pagoda"), Chiang Mai, northern Thailand: KayEss, CC BY SA 3.0 Unported, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sermon_in_the_Deer_Park_depicted_at_Wat_Chedi_Liem-KayEss-1.jpeg; Piano player 92 (thảo luận / đóng góp), Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tập_tin:Phật_thuyết_pháp_cho_5_vị_đệ_tử_đầu_tiên.jpeg
Major General Sir Alexander Cunningham (Jan. 23, 1814-Nov. 28, 1893) appreciated women "who in all countries have been noted for their pious donations" (1854:268). Laywomen and mendicant nuns arranged for Sanchi Stupa No. 1 addition- and repair-associated donations. Financial and spiritual assistance by Buddhism-believing, Buddhism-practicing lay and ordained women avows an historical association back to the familial appreciation by Gautama Buddha (624 BCE?-544 BCE?) for foster-mother, stepmother and maternal aunt Mahāpajāpatī Gotamī, who acted for Buddhist ordination of women and who added to her royal titles the religious, spiritual title of first bhikkuni (from Sanskrit भिक्षुणी, "mendicant nun") and vice versa; lithographic print of Prince Siddhartha with his maternal aunt Queen Mahaprajapati Gotami by Sri Lankan temple artist, muralist and sculptor Maligawage Sarlis (1880-1955): Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Siddhartha_with_his_maternal_aunt_Queen_Mahaprajapati_Gotami.JPG

For further information:
Abram, David; Devdan Sen; Nick Edwards; Mike Ford; and Beth Wooldridge. 2003. “Satdhara.” Page 395. In: [Chapter] 5 Madhya Pradesh. The Rough Guide to India. Fifth edition. New York NY: Rough Guides Ltd.
Available via Google Books @ https://books.google.com/books?id=kAMik_6LbwUC&pg=PA395#v=onepage&q&f=false
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Marriner, Derdriu. 4 March 2022. "Some Bhojpur Buddhist Monuments and Sanchi Buddhist Monuments Are Mute." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/03/some-bhojpur-buddhist-monuments-and.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 25 February 2022. "Bhojpur Buddhist Monuments and Sanchi Buddhist Monuments Are Secretive." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/02/bhojpur-buddhist-monuments-and-sanchi.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 18 February 2022. "Bhojpur Buddhist Monuments Are Like, Unlike Sanchi Buddhist Monuments." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/02/bhojpur-buddhist-monuments-are-like.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 11 February 2022. "Bhojpur Buddhist Monuments Not Sanchi Buddhist Monuments Are A Village." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/02/bhojpur-buddhist-monuments-not-sanchi.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 4 February 2022. "Andher Buddhist Monuments Add to Donors at Sanchi Buddhist Monuments." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/02/andher-buddhist-monuments-add-to-donors.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 28 January 2022. "Andher Buddhist Monuments Answer What Sanchi Buddhist Monuments Ask." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/01/andher-buddhist-monuments-answer-what.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 21 January 2022. "Andher Buddhist Monuments Acquaint Us With Sanchi Buddhist Monuments." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/01/andher-buddhist-monuments-acquaint-us.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 14 January 2022. "Acquaintance With Sanskrit Acquaints Us With Sanchi Buddhist Monuments." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/01/acquaintance-with-sanskrit-acquaints-us.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 7 January 2022. "Appreciating Sanskrit Aids in Appreciating Sanchi Buddhist Monuments." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/01/appreciating-sanskrit-aids-in.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 31 December 2021. "Unknown Ashes Perhaps Known at Sanchi Buddhist Monuments Are at Sonari." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/12/unknown-ashes-perhaps-known-at-sanchi.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 24 December 2021. "Unknown Ashes Maybe Known at Sanchi Buddhist Monuments Are at Satdhara." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/12/unknown-ashes-maybe-known-at-sanchi.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 17 December 2021. "Unknown Bones in Bhojpur Maybe Are Known in Sanchi Buddhist Monuments." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/12/unknown-bones-in-bhojpur-maybe-are.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 10 December 2021. "Unknown Relics in Bhojpur Maybe Are Known in Sanchi Buddhist Monuments." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/12/unknown-relics-in-bhojpur-maybe-are.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 3 December 2021. "Unknown Bones at Bhojpur Maybe Are Known to Sanchi Buddhist Monuments." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/12/unknown-bones-at-bhojpur-maybe-are.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 26 November 2021. "Unknown Bones Maybe Known at Sanchi Buddhist Monuments Are at Bhojpur." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/11/unknown-bones-maybe-known-at-sanchi.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 19 November 2021. "Unknown Ashes Maybe Known to Sanchi Buddhist Monuments Are at Bhojpur." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/11/unknown-ashes-maybe-known-to-sanchi.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 12 November 2021. "Unknown Ashes Perhaps Known in Sanchi Buddhist Monuments Are at Andher." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/11/unknown-ashes-perhaps-known-in-sanchi.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 5 November 2021. "Kusum Lac Trees Perhaps Anciently Aided Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/11/kusum-lac-trees-perhaps-anciently-aided.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 29 October 2021. "Palas Flame-of-the-Forest Trees Assisted Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/10/palas-flame-of-forest-trees-assisted.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 22 October 2021. "Ber Indian Plum Trees Anciently Assisted Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/10/ber-indian-plum-trees-anciently.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 15 October 2021. "Tasar Silk Perhaps Anciently Adorned Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/10/tasar-silk-perhaps-anciently-adorned.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 8 October 2021. "Tasar Silkworms Perhaps Assembled Around Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/10/tasar-silkworms-perhaps-assembled.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 1 October 2021. "Lac Scale Insects Archived Bone Relics in Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/10/lac-scale-insects-archived-bone-relics.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 24 September 2021. "Kaundinya Aided Buddhist Beginnings and Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/09/kaundinya-aided-buddhist-beginnings-and.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 17 September 2021. "Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi Accommodated Kaundinyaputra Relics." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/09/buddhist-monuments-at-sanchi.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 10 September 2021. "Gotiputra Relics Awed Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi, Sonari and Andher." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/09/gotiputra-relics-awed-buddhist.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 3 September 2021. "Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi and Sonari Accommodated Alabagira Relics." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/09/buddhist-monuments-at-sanchi-and-sonari.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 27 August 2021. "Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi and Sonari Assembled Kaushikiputra Relics." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/08/buddhist-monuments-at-sanchi-and-sonari_01344963409.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 20 August 2021. "Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi and Sonari Accommodated Madhyama Relics." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/08/buddhist-monuments-at-sanchi-and-sonari.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 13 August 2021. "Kasyapa Gotra Relics Abided in Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi and Sonari." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/08/kasyapa-gotra-relics-abided-in-buddhist.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 6 August 2021. "Buddha Relics Awed Sonari and Bhojpur If Not Sanchi Buddhist Monuments." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/08/buddha-relics-awed-sonari-and-bhojpur.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 30 July 2021. "Buddha Relics Awed Bhojpur and Sonari If Not Sanchi Buddhist Monuments." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/07/buddha-relics-awed-bhojpur-and-sonari.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 23 July 2021. "Sanchi Buddhist Monuments Admitted No Upahitaka Relics From Bhojpur." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/07/sanchi-buddhist-monuments-admitted-no_0682265518.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 16 July 2021. "Sanchi Buddhist Monuments Admitted No Patitya Allusions From Bhojpur." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/07/sanchi-buddhist-monuments-admitted-no.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 9 July 2021. "Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi and Andher Archived Haritiputra Relics." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/07/buddhist-monuments-at-sanchi-and-andher.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 2 July 2021. "John Marshall Added Khirni Trees Around Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/07/john-marshall-added-khirni-trees-around.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 25 June 2021. "Mango Trees Appeal to Kakanava Koels and Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/06/mango-trees-appeal-to-kakanava-koels.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 18 June 2021. "Teak Trees Attracted Kakanava Crows to Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/06/teak-trees-attracted-kakanava-crows-to.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 11 June 2021. "Kakanava Crows, Koels and Trees Antedated Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/06/kakanava-crows-koels-and-trees.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 4 June 2021. "Asian Koels, Like Crows, Actuated the Ancient Name Kakanava for Sanchi." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/06/asian-koels-like-crows-actuated-ancient.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 28 May 2021. "Indian Jungle Crows Abided Amply at Sanchi, Anciently Named Kakanava." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/05/indian-jungle-crows-abided-amply-at.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 21 May 2021. "Indian Crows Abounded There So Sanchi Answered to the Name Kakanava." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/05/indian-crows-abounded-there-so-sanchi.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 14 May 2021. "Kakanava Prabhasana Relics Age Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi and Andher." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/05/kakanava-prabhasana-relics-age-buddhist.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 7 May 2021. "Vachiputra Relics Age Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi and at Andher." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/05/vachiputra-relics-age-buddhist.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 30 April 2021. "Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi and Andher Age Maudgalaputra Tishya Relics." Earth and Space News. Friday
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/04/buddhist-monuments-at-sanchi-and-andher.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 23 April 2021. "Satdhara Relics Awed Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi, Colombo and Yangon." Earth and Space News. Friday
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/04/satdhara-relics-awed-buddhist-monuments.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 16 April 2021. "Kaba Aye and Sanchi Hill Admit Walking Meditations of Thich Nhat Hanh." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/04/kaba-aye-and-sanchi-hill-admit-walking.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 9 April 2021. "Sanchi and Maha Bodhi Society Admit Thich Nhat Hanh Walking Meditations." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/04/sanchi-and-maha-bodhi-society-admit.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 2 April 2021. "Indra’s Net Avails Kaba Aye Pagoda of Buddhist Monuments on Sanchi Hill." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/04/indras-net-avails-kaba-aye-pagoda-of.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 26 March 2021. "Indra’s Net Admits Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi and Maha Bodhi Society." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/03/indras-net-admits-buddhist-monuments-at.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 19 March 2021. "Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi and Sadthara Archived Disciple Bones." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/03/buddhist-monuments-at-sanchi-and.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 12 March 2021. "Chetiyagiri Vihara Adds Auspiciousness to Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/03/chetiyagiri-vihara-adds-auspiciousness.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 5 March 2021. "Maudgalyayana Aims Psychic Powers at Buddhist Monuments on Sanchi Hill." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/03/maudgalyayana-aims-psychic-powers-at.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 26 February 2021. "Shariputra Abides Auspiciously Amid Buddhist Monuments on Sanchi Hill." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/02/shariputra-abides-auspiciously-amid.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 19 February 2021. "Sanchi Hill Buddhist Monuments Are Oldest Buddhist World Heritage Site." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/02/sanchi-hill-buddhist-monuments-are_19.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 12 February 2021. "Sanchi Hill Buddhist Monuments Are World Heritage Site 14 in India." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/02/sanchi-hill-buddhist-monuments-are.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 5 February 2021. "Ashoka Aided Buddha, Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi Hill and Sri Lanka." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/02/ashoka-aided-buddha-buddhist-monuments.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 29 January 2021. "Sanghamitra, Like Ashoka, Admired Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi Hill." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/01/sanghamitra-like-ashoka-admired.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 22 January 2021. "Mahendra Adored Buddha and Perhaps Buddhist monuments at Sanchi Hill." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/01/mahendra-adored-buddha-and-perhaps.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 15 January 2021. "Devi Adoring Buddha Accounts for Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi, India." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/01/devi-adoring-buddha-accounts-for.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 8 January 2021. "Wild Animal Families Abounded Around Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi Hill." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/01/wild-animal-families-abounded-around.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 1 January 2021. "Raisen Teak Forests Once Angled Around Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/01/raisen-teak-forests-once-angled-around.html
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