Dr Wei Zhang Advances Drought-Restricted, Water-Prescribed Young Trees and Water Conservation

Dr Wei Zhang Advances Drought-Restricted, Water-Prescribed Young Trees and Water Conservation Balancing drought restrictions and water prescriptions for young trees while enhancing water conservation Date & Time May 21, 2026 12:00 PM Eastern Time (US and Canada) Webinar ID 840 1545 1281 Passcode 420217 Preapproved for 1 ISA CEU and 1 LACES PDH.Description Municipalities impose water restrictions during droughts and when water is in shortage. The most commonly restricted areas is landscape irrigation. While lawns can be restored within weeks, it take decades for trees to grow to their mature size, when the benefits of trees are at the maximum. Water restrictions disrupt the growth of the trees and the stresses during these water restrictions may have long-term impacts and prevent them from reach maturity. There are many water prescriptions describing how much and ow often to water our trees. But how much do these trees actually need? How much is the prescribed water wasted? Are the recommended frequency compatible with water restrictions? Do you have to violate regulations and get penalized to keep your trees alive? In this talk, we will discuss how much water trees need to survive and thrive, which may be surprisingly less than many water prescriptions. Then we will discuss what you can do to properly water your trees without violating the water restriction rules. A few things we did include: capturing rainwater when it is available, applying mulch to reduce water evaporation, avoiding water runoff, and focusing water delivery to the tree roots instead of weeds and lawn under the tree. In one Houston, TX case study: these methods reduced the total number of watering from Oct 2021 to March 2024 (2022 and 2023 were the driest two years in the previous decade) down to three. At the same time, soil moisture was monitored to ensure it was maintained at a proper level. The main goal of this talk is to provide methods to keep trees alive and thrive during water restrictions and shortages without breaking water restriction rules or paying fines. It also enhances water conservation. Wei Zhang, PhD, The Institute of Soil Genomics for Healthy Community Forestry, TreeDiaper (Zynnovation LLC) Dan Whitehead horticulturist, Gordon Mann consulting arborist, Dr Tamberly Conway founder CEO Conservation Conexions, LLC L Dean Alberty Missouri Community Forestry Council, Nick Castro Director Soil Genomics, Peter Caldwell Associate Professor Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning Department Texas A&M WHAT should you do with rain gardens during droughts? 30 states with active alerts MOST sevee restrictions Cape Coral FKL Erie CO Everett WA Kearny AZ TURF versus water conservation water smart landscape program by southern nevada water authority SNWA turf removal rebate $3/sqft for functional turf, $2/sqft for nonfunctional turf, saving 2.4 million gallons of water per acre per year, by 2027 SNWA projected to save 9.3 billion galons of water annually SHADING of lawns is a water saving measure UCLA study water use by lawns and tre WATER use by turfgrass and trees in los angeles REPLACING turf with trees critical to water conservation presentation about additional water saving on trees USDA/Forest Service sustaining America's urban trees and forest 2010 urban america lower 48 states 3.5% land mass 82% population urban forests will becoming increasingly critical to sustaining environmental quality and human wellbeing in urban areas America's green infrastructure America's forests are sometimes referred to as green infrastructure to emphasize critical public benefits they provide URBAN forest every dollar spent on planting and caring for a community tree yields benefits 2 to 5 times investment benefits cleaner air lower energy costs improved water quality storm water control increased property values health of citizens 2011 study by USFS COST and benefits of UF benefit with maintenance, without maintenance, cost with maintenance, without maintenance maintenance activities planting pruning removal tree and uf structures establishment survival growth condition size canopy cover leaf area function evapotranspiration photosynthesis intercept rain benefits stormwater runoff reduction carbon stored less than optimal maintenance leads to fewer benefits produced by uf i-TREE itreetools.org benefits per year of white oak in richmond va dbh 2 inches 20 inches caliper sequestered avoided carbon lbs 0.9 16.7, energy kwh 1.84 WHAT do plants need grow photosynthesis co2 water sun SUNLIGHT plants cleared before road paved CARBON DIOXIDE IN ATMOSPHERE highest in more than 600000 years WATER stormwater resource/waste? more impervious space more water use oct 1 2018 water year oct 1 observed precipitation NUTRIENTS pollutants/nutrients? POLICE water theft growing dangerous crime they may have a landscaping business PASSION in spring, nothing follows help plant 1 million trees in london earth day, plant a tree day 2 plantings IS the us really planting a billion trees as DJT said TRUMP and macron's symbolic friendship tree dies oak what do you think killed it TOTAL coast per tree planted $2,150 payment actual tree planting costs nyc parks nyc richmond $256 planted by contractors uf dept charge of maintenance 2013 SF Ca RICHMOND trees need 15 gallons each week to stay alive WHOSE fault designed by landscape architect planted by landscape contractor ownedmaintained by? WHAT are main challengs to make city tree survive thrive what true problems WHY do we need do anything for newplants plants tough hundredsmillions years existence but natural environment dont move when moved majority root system left behind containergrown plants REASONS for decline death incompatibility species environment design, insufficient soil volume sustain design site, poor growing FACTORS for survival water quality stock root girdling root planting depth healthy root development, diseases; planting/mulching; soil compaction volume; other salt IMPROPER soil moisture most common reason easiest resolve IRRIGATION for turf trees expense/investment? shallow turf/more tree MANUAL watering does not save labor water trees 15 minutes tree gator treediaper slow release tree IV ooze tube WATERING bag shields off rain water tree dying with 2.5inch rain aug 8-12 2017 why aug 8 1inch, 12 1.5inch rain WATERING bags accept irrigation water only uriel akiva parks program coordinator SPECIFICS watering need how long often much WATER prescriptions temperatures above 90 degrees water 203 minutes every 2-3 days WATER restrictions permanent california statewide, many cities nv, az, nm, ut, co, tx, fl; typical one limit 1-3 days per week turn on irrigation limited time SEASONALtemporary dalls HOW much of water trees actually get method hi low typical surface irrigation sprinkler irrigation 72 24 50, 55 HOW Much water trees actually get HOW much of water does young tree transpire small sugar maple 305m tall standlevel water use mm per day during experiment period couple very short drought periods but higher than average rainfall, large trees more than small on standlevel transpiration other months negligible for study site whole year water usage about 10inches tain average transpiration 1.9 inches per month HOW many years watering need for newplant trees how many years warranty offer or require SMALL trees transplanted rootball 1st 2nd 3rd LARGE 4th 5th 6th year MOST newtransplant need water 25 years RICHMOND drought jul 25 2017 killed trees abnormally dry US drought monitor moving target WHAT missing in water prescription consideration of losses irrigation efficiency runoff evaporation from surface competition from surrounding vegetation water need of species; site information surrounding environment road median park residential tree well buildings; soil type clay versus sandy water holding capacity drainage leakage; climate monsoon-mediterranean-desert-continental drought temperature humidity wind MOST water prescriptions developed based on certain set of parameters or based on experiences of arborists if parameters change water prescriptions should change RAINFALL average oct 1 2023 water year oct 1 normal precipitation CAN we do this store some of abundant stormwater in cities and slowly release only when soil dries; use soil moisture as only indicator of watering need not water prescriptions developed by someone no idea about soil PLANT available water gravitational water field capacity, available water permanent wilting point, unavailable water sand loamy sand sandy loam fine sandy loam loam silt loam silty clay loam clay loam silty clay clay PLANT available water maybe use solid water with air pockets instead of liquid water additional water above field capacity without drowning roots HOW does solid water with air pockets work charging with rain irrigation stormwater via osmosis solid WHAT both top and bottom layers permeable to water and air cross section DIFFERENT from watering bags impermeable to water air, block rain no self recharging, release water even when soil soaking wet WEED control and moisture conservation mat solid water with air pockets installed aug 2013 south of maury st city standard operation watering bags north of maury st THE difference maker soil moisture field test in road median of jeff davis hwy city of richmond days after watering devices installed CASE study front range co pioneer park, irrigation designed for turf no special zones for trees before 3 times week automatic irrigation grasses green trees dying soil moisture 4in deep 10-20% 3 weeks after solid water with air pockets DAN rogers elementary school texas tree foundation cool schools program 1-2tree pans, 3-4treediaper, 5-6treediaper and tree pans NORTHside houston solid water with air pockets system size 2 times rootball control courtesy peter caldwell CUMULATIVe precipitation houston recorded george bush intercontinental airport 1.5 inch rain 2.5 months PLANT available water OVERwatering violates water restriction codes fines lose more plants to overwatering than any other issues 85 percent of planted trees die of drowning thought to be underwatered OVERWATERING underwatering? NOELLE johnson az plant lady WATERLOGGING o 5 7 36 hr COMPARISON liquid water vs same amount water in solid water with air pockets swap 1 hr water 20.5% SWAP 21.7 8hr 15.3 21.7, 15 SWAP system reduce overwatering? REMOVING standing water adding air to soil rain garden forebay stormwater runoff from road plant bed drain to river SOIL moisture sep nov 2020 vdot gsi va 711 soil moisture stabilization with solid water with air pockets CAN SWAP system reduce overwatering yes SUMMARY typical water prescriptions require more water and more frequency PLANT available water WATER surrounding soil double rootball size or 20 inches larger than rootballs dont just water root ball surrounding too to promote outward root growth ANSI Z60.1 standard HOW many years watering need newplant 3 growing seasons after planting 3 inch caliper 33 inch rootball red clay compacted soil landscape contractor replace 1% trees at year mark when for warranty very impressed CAN I use reclaimed water water to water trees SOIL salinity deicing salts, coastal flooding, fertilization, high IS sodium chloride in fertilizers about 2 million tons salt used for agriculture in US per USGS sodium and chloride commonly found in fertilies sodium nitrate about IRRIGATION water and soil salinity irrigation with fresh water 500 ppm TDS twice week with total water usage 1 inch week 1/4 acre irrigated area 180 days per year watering total salt added 733 lbs WATERING with 1000 ppm TDS water WATERING with 1000 ppm TDS water SOIL particles CAN SWAP EXPERIMENT RESULTS treediaper no protection against air spray on leaves all died with 21 oz salt, tree QUESTIONS why dont they plant fruit trees in Vancouver DK

Summary: .

"God talks to human beings through many vectors: through each other, through organized religion, through the great books of those religions, through wise people, through art and music and literature and poetry, but nowhere with such detail and grace and color and joy as through creation. When we destroy a species, when we destroy a special place, we're diminishing our capacity to sense the divine, understand who God is and what our own potential is." Robert Francis Kennedy Jr., April 19, 2023, Boston Park Plaza Hotel, Back Bay, Boston, Massachusetts.


“And there’s many people out there who want us to move to the next planet already and I’m like, hang on, let’s not give up on this planet yet," William, Prince of Wales, July 31, 2023, Sorted Food food truck, London, England, United Kingdom.

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Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

IMAGE 1

IMAGE 2

For further information:

Gilman, Ed. 2011. An Illustrated Guide to Pruning. Third Edition. Boston MA: Cengage.

Hayes, Ed. 2001. Evaluating Tree Defects. Revised, Special Edition. Rochester MN: Safe Trees.

Marriner, Derdriu. 21 May 2026. "Dr Wei Zhang Advances Drought-Restricted, Water-Prescribed Young Trees and Water Conservation." Earth and Space News. Thursday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/05/dr-wei-zhang-advances-drought.html

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Marriner, Derdriu. 2 September 2023. "Urban Forest Resilience Asks Species Diversity of Milwaukee Metropolitan Area." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 3 February 2023. "Chris Graves Aired Winter Tree ID for Tennessee Urban Forestry Council." Earth and Space News. Friday.
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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/01/propiconazole-infusions-and-injections.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 31 December 2022. "How Tree Injections Are Administered Affects What They Achieve." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/12/how-tree-injections-are-administered.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 November 2022. "Climbing Line and Ascent Technique Affect Load Magnitude and Frequency." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/11/climbing-line-and-ascent-technique.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 October 2022. "Urban Forestry Around the Globe Assesses Private and Public Trees." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/10/urban-forestry-around-globe-assesses.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 2 October 2022. "Natural Enemies of Urban Landscape Pests Are Among Beneficial Insects." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/10/natural-enemies-of-urban-landscape.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 4 September 2022. "Urban Tree Canopy Placement Affects Summer Household Energy Savings." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/09/urban-tree-canopy-placement-affects.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 6 August 2022. "Five Common, Important Decay Fungi Afflict Urban Trees." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/08/five-common-important-decay-fungi.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 23 July 2022. "Electrical and Mechanical Failures Arise From Utility Tree Failures." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/07/electrical-and-mechanical-failures.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 25 June 2022. "Cabling and Bracing Support Systems Address Tree Defects and Stresses." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/06/cabling-and-bracing-support-systems.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 May 2022. "Biochar Soil Amendments Advance Soil Quality and Tree Survival." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/03/remote-sensing-of-urban-forests-assures.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 April 2022. "Rapid Urban Site Index Allows Urban Forest and Tree Soil Assessments." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/04/rapid-urban-site-index-allows-urban.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 March 2022. "Remote Sensing of Urban Forests Assures Modern Urban Forestry a Future." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/03/remote-sensing-of-urban-forests-assures.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 February 2022. "Sonic Tomography Adds Internal Defects to Level 3 Tree Risk Assessment." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/02/sonic-tomography-adds-internal-defects.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 January 2022. "Private Tree Regulations Attempt to Avert Private Tree Canopy Loss." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/01/private-tree-regulations-attempt-to.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 January 2022. "Best Management Practices Advance Urban Tree Care and Urban Wildlife." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/01/best-management-practices-advance-urban.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 December 2021. "Integrated Vegetation Management Applies Balanced Control Methods." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/12/integrated-vegetation-management.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 November 2021. "Leafy, Woody Canopies and Diverse Species Augur Resilient Urban Trees." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/11/leafy-woody-canopies-and-diverse.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 October 2021. "Careful Selection, Planting and Post-Planting Assist Tree Longevity." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/10/careful-selection-planting-and-post.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 25 September 2021. "Energy Gain and Water Use Abet Radial Growth of Irrigated Urban Trees." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/09/energy-gain-and-water-use-abet-radial.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 August 2021. "Soil Assessments Address Low or Affirm High Quality of Urban Soils." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/08/soil-assessments-address-low-or-affirm.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 August 2021. "Lindsey Purcell Aired Late Season Pruning Impacts as TreeStuff Webinar." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/08/lindsey-purcell-aired-late-season.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 25 July 2021. "Soil, Roots, Leaves, Dormant Buds Affect Stressed Eucalypt Seedlings." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/07/soil-roots-leaves-dormant-buds-affect.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 July 2021. "Nick Araya of TreeCareLA Addressed Palm Pruning as TreeStuff Webinar." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/07/nick-araya-of-treecarela-addressed-palm.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 June 2021. "Native Wood-Borers Alarm Ornamental Landscape and Urban Forest Natives." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/06/native-wood-borers-alarm-ornamental.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 May 2021. "Structural Pruning of Callery Pear Adds Nothing to Branch Union Strength." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/05/structural-pruning-adds-no-branch-union.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 25 April 2021. "Stationary Rope Systems (SRS) Annul Friction by Ascents and Redirects." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/04/stationary-rope-systems-srs-annul.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 21 March 2021. "Inducing Agents and Synthetic Fungicides Axe Leaf Blotch and Pear Scab." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/03/inducing-agents-and-synthetic.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 20 March 2021. "Shem Kendrick Added Modern At-Home Bonsai to TreeStuff Webinar Series." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/03/shem-kendrick-added-modern-at-home.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 February 2021. "Stationary Rope Systems (SRS) Allow Anchors, Ascent and Work Equipment." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/02/stationary-rope-systems-srs-allow.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 31 January 2021. "Street and Park Tree Inventories Since 1902 Assess Trees in Ithaca, NY." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/01/street-and-park-tree-inventories-since.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 December 2020. "Tree Defect Identification During Tree Inspections Averts Tree Failure." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/12/tree-defect-identification-during-tree.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 November 2020. "Reduction Pruning Utility Trees Affects CODIT and Epicormic Branches." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/11/reduction-pruning-utility-trees-affects.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 31 October 2020. "Arboricultural Operation Safety Standards Avert Adverse Events." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/10/arboricultural-operation-safety.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 September 2020. "Root-Stem Transition Zones Aim Loading Forces Through Roots and Soils." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/09/root-stem-transition-zones-aim-loading.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 August 2020. "Arboricultural Operation Safety Standards Are Country-Specific." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/08/arboricultural-operation-safety.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 July 2020. "Sensitivity Analyses Admit Ecosystem Disservice and Ecosystem Service." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/07/sensitivity-analyses-admit-ecosystem.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 June 2020. "Lignotubers Assure Arboricultural Management of Lignotuberous Shoots." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/06/lignotubers-assure-arboricultural.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 31 May 2020. "Included Bark Ages Safely With Fused, Entwining Natural Braces ." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/05/included-bark-ages-safely-with-fused.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 May 2020. "Trent Dicks Alerted TreeStuff Webinar Attendees to Spotted Lanternfly." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/05/trent-dicks-alerted-treestuff-webinar.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 April 2020. "Canker Identification and Canker Management Apply to Landscape Trees." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/04/canker-identification-and-canker.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 March 2020. "Arboricultural Operation Safety Training Averts Hazardous Incidents." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/03/arboricultural-operation-safety.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 February 2020. "Boundary-Spanning Collective Action Assuages Wildfire Risk in the West." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/02/boundary-spanning-collective-action.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 23 February 2020. "Biochar Applications Are Best With Compost and Fertilizer Applications." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/02/biochar-applications-are-best-with.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 January 2020. "Fungicide Injections Affect Dutch Elm Disease and Internal Decay." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/01/fungicide-injections-affect-dutch-elm.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 December 2019. "Pruning Cuts Applied Ably, Appropriately Are Best Management Practices." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/12/pruning-cuts-applied-ably-appropriately.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 November 2019. "Structural Growing Media and Supported Pavement Affect Tree Responses." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/11/structural-growing-media-and-supported.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 October 2019. "Tree Pruning Systems Answer to Best Management Practices." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/10/tree-pruning-systems-answer-to-best.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 September 2019. "Southeastern Street Tree Arthropod Pests Are Online Survey Subjects." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/09/southeastern-street-tree-arthropod.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 25 August 2019. "Cost Approach Approximates Plant Repair, Replacement or Restoration." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/08/cost-approach-approximates-plant-repair.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 July 2019. "Indirect Watering Devices Are There for Newly Transplanted Urban Trees." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/07/indirect-watering-devices-are-there-for.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 June 2019. "Plant Appraisal Data Collection Allies Off-Site and On-Site Research." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/06/plant-appraisal-data-collection-allies.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 May 2019. "Wire Basket Removal or Wire Basket Retention: Girdling or Stable Roots." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/05/wire-basket-removal-or-wire-basket.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 April 2019. "Woody Plant Appraisal Data Collection for Shrubs, Trees and Vines." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/04/woody-plant-appraisal-data-collection.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 March 2019. "Balancing Roadside Tree Benefits and Risk of Streetscape Tree Crashes." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/03/balancing-roadside-tree-benefits-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 February 2019. “Plant Appraisal Estimate, Scope, Data, Analysis, Reconciliation, Report.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/02/plant-appraisal-estimate-scope-data.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 January 2019. “Urban Tree Vulnerability in Residential Toronto, Ontario, Canada.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/01/urban-tree-vulnerability-in-residential.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 December 2018. "Plant Appraisal: Cost and Value Estimates and Economic Principles." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/12/plant-appraisal-cost-and-value.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 23 December 2018. "Six-Year Forest Health Ambassador Program of Oakville, Ontario, Canada." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/12/six-year-forest-health-ambassador.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 21 October 2018. "Nursery Production Systems: Tough Urban Landscape Trees on Rough Sites." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/10/nursery-production-systems-tough-urban.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 September 2018. "Induced-Resistance Agents, Silicon Fertilizers, Synthetic Fungicides." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/09/induced-resistance-agents-silicon.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 August 2018. "Nursery Production Systems for Successful Urban Tree Plantings." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/08/nursery-production-systems-for.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 July 2018. "Tree Roots Branch in Fabric Containers But Circle and Girdle Plastic." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/07/tree-roots-branch-in-fabric-containers.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 June 2018. "Wood Decay Fungi Management of Terminal Urban Pathogens." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/06/wood-decay-fungi-management-of-terminal.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 May 2018. "Downtown Commercial Streetscape Tree Populations in Toronto, Canada." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/05/downtown-commercial-streetscape-tree.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 April 2018. “Mushroom-Forming and Non-Mushroom-Forming Fungal Life Cycle Traits.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/04/mushroom-forming-and-non-mushroom.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 March 2018. “Emerald Ash Borer Rapid Response Community Preparedness Project.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/03/emerald-ash-borer-rapid-response.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 February 2018. “Tree Retention by Arborists for Wildlife Habitat Friendly Tree Care.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/02/tree-retention-by-arborists-for.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 January 2018. “Integrated Vegetation Management Study in North and South Yukon, Canada.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/01/integrated-vegetation-management-study.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 December 2017. “Tree Inventories: Preemptive and Proactive or Piecemeal and Reactive.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/12/tree-inventories-preemptive-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 25 November 2017. “Chlorantraniliprole Reduced-Risk Insecticides Get Leaf-Eaters Not Bees.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/11/chlorantraniliprole-reduced-risk.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 October 2017. “Palm Plant Health Care: Abiotic, Biotic Stress Culture and Management.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/10/palm-plant-health-care-abiotic-biotic.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 September 2017. “Predawn Leaf Water Potentials Indicate Crown Dieback and Water Status.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/09/predawn-leaf-water-potentials-indicate.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 August 2017. “Palm Tree Identification and Pruning of Native and Naturalizable Palms.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/08/palm-tree-identification-and-pruning-of.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 July 2017. “Commonly Planted, Potentially Phytoremediating Street Tree Species.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/07/commonly-planted-potentially.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 June 2017. “Root Loss From Root Pruning and Root Shaving of Stem-Girdling Roots.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/06/root-loss-from-root-pruning-and-root.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 May 2017. “Age and Canopy Area Cost Less and Tell More in Urban Tree Inventories.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/05/age-and-canopy-area-cost-less-and-tell.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 April 2017. “Urban Root Management: Big Infrastructure, Small Space, Stressed Roots.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/04/urban-root-management-big.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 March 2017. “Flexural Elasticity Modulus: Trees and Watersprouts Bend or Break.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/03/flexural-elasticity-modulus-trees-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 February 2017. “Plant Health Care Diagnostics When Plants and Places Wrong One Another.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/02/plant-health-care-diagnostics-when.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 January 2017. “Tree Fertilization for Fine Root Growth and Whole Root System Effects.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/01/tree-fertilization-for-fine-root-growth.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 December 2016. “Abiotic and Biotic Stress in Low Maintenance Tree Health Care Programs.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/12/abiotic-and-biotic-stress-in-low.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 November 2016. “Organic Amendments to Compacted Degraded Urban Highway Roadsides.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/11/organic-amendments-to-compacted.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 October 2016. “Tree Protection Zones by Arborists for All Construction Project Phases.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/10/tree-protection-zones-by-arborists-for.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 September 2016. “Stormwater Runoff Landscaping With Urban Canopy Cover and Groundcover.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/09/stormwater-runoff-landscaping-with.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 August 2016. “Changing Places: Tree Nutrient Movement Down, Tree Water Movement Up.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/08/changing-places-tree-nutrient-movement.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 July 2016. “Treated or Untreated Oriental Bittersweet Vine Management Cut-Stumping.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/07/treated-or-untreated-oriental.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 June 2016. “Tree Injection Site Procedures: Manufacturer's Instructions and Labels.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/06/tree-injection-site-procedures.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 May 2016. “Electrical Utility Area Temperate Urban Street Trees: Pruned Regrowth.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/05/electrical-utility-area-temperate-urban.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 April 2016. “Tree Injection Methods: Treatment Option in Integrated Pest Management.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/04/tree-injection-methods-treatment-option.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 6 March 2016. “Bare-Rooted Ornamental Urban Transplants: Amendments Against Mortality.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/03/bare-rooted-ornamental-urban.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 February 2016. “Bark Protective Survival Mechanisms Foil Deprivation, Injury, Invasion.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/02/bark-protective-survival-mechanisms.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 23 January 2016. "LITA Model: Linear Index of Tree Appraisal of Large Urban Swedish Trees." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/01/lita-model-linear-index-of-tree.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 December 2015. “Tree Lightning Protection Systems: Site, Soil, Species True Designs.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/12/tree-lightning-protection-systems-site.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 24 October 2015. “Tree Lightning Protection Systems Tailored to Sites, Soils, Species.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/10/tree-lightning-protection-systems.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 August 2015. “Tree Friendly Urban Soil Management: Amend, Fertilize, Mulch, Till!” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/08/tree-friendly-urban-soil-management.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 June 2015. “Tree Friendly Urban Soil Management: Assemble, Assess, Assist, Astound.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/06/tree-friendly-urban-soil-management.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 April 2015. “Tree Wound Responses: Healthy Wound Closures by Callus and Woundwood.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/04/tree-wound-responses-healthy-wound.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 February 2015. “Urban Forest Maintenance and Non-Maintenance Costs and Benefits.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/02/urban-forest-maintenance-and-non.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 December 2014. “Tree Dwelling Symbionts: Dodder, Lichen, Mistletoe, Moss and Woe-Vine.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/12/tree-dwelling-symbionts-dodder-lichen.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 October 2014. “Tree Cable Installation Systems Lessen Target Impact From Tree Failure.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/10/tree-cable-installation-systems-lessen.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 August 2014. “Flood Tolerant Trees in Worst-Case Floodplain and Urbanized Scenarios.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/08/flood-tolerant-trees-in-worst-case.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 June 2014. “Integrated Vegetation Management of Plants in Utility Rights-of-Way.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/06/integrated-vegetation-management-of.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 April 2014. “Tree Twig Identification: Buds, Bundle Scars, Leaf Drops, Leaf Scars.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/04/tree-twig-identification-buds-bundle.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 February 2014. “Tree Twig Anatomy: Ecosystem Stress, Growth Rates, Winter Identification.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/02/tree-twig-anatomy-ecosystem-stress.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 December 2013. “Community and Tree Safety Awareness During Line- and Road-Clearances.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/12/community-and-tree-safety-awareness.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 October 2013. “Chain-Saw Gear and Tree Work Related Personal Protective Equipment.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/10/chain-saw-gear-and-tree-work-related.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 October 2013. “Storm Damaged Tree Clearances: Matched Teamwork of People to Equipment.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/10/storm-damaged-tree-clearances-matched.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 August 2013. “Storm Induced Tree Damage Assessments: Pre-Storm Planned Preparedness.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/08/storm-induced-tree-damage-assessments.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 June 2013. “Storm Induced Tree Failures From Heavy Tree Weights and Weather Loads.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
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A Greenland Dog Assures Safe Seasons by the Lake by Naja Lund Aparico

Summary: A Greenland dog assures safe Seasons by the Lake: Adventures in Greenland by author Naja Lund Aparico and illustrator Alex Nees, Dial Books March 17, 2026.

"God talks to human beings through many vectors: through each other, through organized religion, through the great books of those religions, through wise people, through art and music and literature and poetry, but nowhere with such detail and grace and color and joy as through creation. When we destroy a species, when we destroy a special place, we're diminishing our capacity to sense the divine, understand who God is and what our own potential is." Robert Francis Kennedy Jr., April 19, 2023, Boston Park Plaza Hotel, Back Bay, Boston, Massachusetts.


“And there’s many people out there who want us to move to the next planet already and I’m like, hang on, let’s not give up on this planet yet," William, Prince of Wales, July 31, 2023, Sorted Food food truck, London, England, United Kingdom.

A Greenland dog assures safe Seasons by the Lake: Adventures in Greenland by author Naja Lund Aparico and illustrator Alex Nees, Dial Books for Young Readers, Penguin/Random House imprint, March 17, 2026.

The Greenland dog here bears the first name Nanoq ("polar-bear,"; "bear maritime," Ursus maritimus [Captain Constantine Phipps (Sun., May 30, 1744-Wed., Oct. 10, 1792), taxonomized 1777]). The brothers Minik ("oil-used-to-seal-[animal]-skins") and Nuka ("same-sex-younger-sibling") count on their canine checking their spring, summer, fall, winter lake-clustered community even as he completes care-, concern-freeing circuits. Such dedication describes Greenland dogs, whose ancestral dwelling dates to Siberian Russia 4,000 years ago even as some Inuit ("the-people," Inuktitut ["like-the-Inuit"; ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ] ᐃᓄᐃᑦ) departed eastwardly.

That Inuit exodus entailed their dogs establishing themselves as Alaskan Eskimo dogs even as equivalent descendants exhibit a genetic exactness to Greenland-dog equivalents' close collateral-line expressions.

Twenty-first-century North-American Inuit flourish from the Unitedstatesian North's north and west Alaska eastward through the Canadian North's Yukon, Northwest, Nunavut Territories and Quebec, Newfoundland, Labrador provinces.

Thule ("far-northerliest"; Latin Thūlē ; Greek Θούλη) Inuit of now-northern Greenland gained coastal-west Greenland after Erik Thorvaldsson (950?-1003?; "alone-/one-distinguished/-mighty thunder-ruler-son "; Old Norse ein ríkr þórr valdr sonr). Erik the Red's year 981-honed Brattahlid ("steep hillside/slope"; Old Norse brattr hlíð) heralded the Western (981-1345), then the Eastern (1000?-1455?) Settlements respectively of coastal-southwest, southern-tipped Greenland. Kujataj fjord's ("carrier/mover/taker"; Greenlandic kua taj; "deep-intracliff-long-narrow-inlet"; Old Norse fjǫrðr) Western-Settlement Nipaitsoq includes larder-immured dog, livestock bones even as human-tooth incisions indicate starvation-imperiled, year-1455 Norse inhabitants.

Author Naja Lund Aparico and illustrator Alex Nees jubilate in Seasons by the Lake a Greenland dog whose ancestors, not Norse-imported European-hunt dogs, joined Thule Inuit.

Greenland dogs (Kalaallit Qimmiat; Danish Grønlandshund; Latin Canis familiaris borealis ["dog household-pertaining northern"; Carl Linnaeus (May 23, 1707-Jan. 10, 1778), 1758; Smith, 1839]) keepsake world-oldest genetics.

Greenland-dog Nanoq lodges 4,000-year-old genetics of Arctic-located ancestors even as he logs genetic closeness with North-Asian, now-extinct Taimyr wolves (Canis lupus ("dog wolf"; Linnaeus, 1758) taimyricus. His ancestors moved from the Arctic-continental American North onto coastal-west Greenland 850 years ago, by year 1176, even as Arctic-Siberian, Zhokhov-island, 9,000-year-old genetics motivate direct-ancestor matches. Greenland dogs nestled into draught-animal, sled-navigating, working-dog niches necessitate double-coated, powerful-muscled, thick-furred bodies even as two layers need coarser, longer, water-repellent outer, shorter, wool-like inner, layers.

Author Naja Lund Aparico and illustrator Alex Nees offer as Greenland dog occasioning safe Seasons by the Lake black-and-white-coated, broad-, wedge-headed, small-, thick fur-eared, tilted-eyed Nanoq.

Greenland-dog descendants of Arctic-Siberian, Taimyr-Peninsula wolves 35,000 years ago present muscular, short-haired, strong legs even as their tails position along, atop, over their backs or noses.

Greenland dogs quantify at 15,000 in year 2016 even as they quarter 12,000 in year 2021 and east and north Greenland queue canine micro-chipping since 2017. East and north Greenland refuse imported dogs, apart special-permit police and service-assistance dogs, even as southwest Greenland refutes canine-purity standards and relishes run-free puppyhood afore sled-dogging. Physical and sexual maturity suggests 23.6-inch (60-centimeter) male, 21.6-inch (55-centimeter) female wither heights even as 12-year lifespans sustain black through fawn. never albino or merle-patterned, coloration.

Author Naja Lund Aparico and illustrator Alex Nees perhaps thank, through Greenlander caribou-stew and fresh char-fish meals, their Greenlander dog for safe Seasons by the Lake.

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Dedication

This post is dedicated to the memory of our beloved blue-eyed brother, Charles, who guided the creation of the Met Opera and Astronomy posts on Earth and Space News. We memorialized our brother in "Our Beloved Blue-Eyed Brother, Charles, With Whom We Are Well Pleased," published on Earth and Space News on Thursday, Nov. 18, 2021, an anniversary of our beloved father's death.

Image credits:

IMAGE 1

IMAGE 2

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