Bishop Museum Sky Map Sep 2026 Admits Fall Equinox on Its Infosheet

Summary: Bishop Museum Sky Map Sep 2026 admits Fall Equinox on its Infosheet even as that date appears amid epaki mahina ("phase of moon"; Hawaiian 'epaki mahina).

"God talks to human beings through many vectors: through each other, through organized religion, through the great books of those religions, through wise people, through art and music and literature and poetry, but nowhere with such detail and grace and color and joy as through creation. When we destroy a species, when we destroy a special place, we're diminishing our capacity to sense the divine, understand who God is and what our own potential is." Robert Francis Kennedy Jr., April 19, 2023, Boston Park Plaza Hotel, Back Bay, Boston, Massachusetts.

“And there’s many people out there who want us to move to the next planet already and I’m like, hang on, let’s not give up on this planet yet," William, Prince of Wales, July 31, 2023, Sorted Food food truck, London, England, United Kingdom.

"The equinox marks the exact moment when the center of the Sun crosses the plane of our planet’s equator," explains New York City-based amateur astronomer and educator Kat Troche in "Embracing the Equinox," published March 14, 2026, on the NASA Science website (https://science.nasa.gov/solar-system/skywatching/night-sky-network/embracing-the-equinox/).
The September equinox occurs as an autumn, or fall, equinox in the Northern Hemisphere and as a vernal, or spring, equinox in the Southern Hemisphere. September's equinox marks the solar crossing of the Equator (Ka Piko o Wākea) in continuation of the southward journey commenced by June's solstice. "This movement is why some refer to the March equinox as the northward equinox and the September equinox as the southward equinox," notes Kat Troche.
HHawaiian mythology's description of the autumnal equinox as Ke Ala Maʻaweʻula a Kanaloa ("the well-traveled path, or tentacle, of Kanaloa") references squid- or octopus-associated Kanaloa, one of four major Hawaiian gods. As God of the Sea, Kanaloa complements Kāne, God of creation. The two equinoxes signify the only two dates of co-ruling of the sun by Kāne and Kanaloa. The autumn equinox announces the start of Kanaloa's preeminence and, with the rising of the Makaliʻi (Pleiades) approximately two months later, the transition to the wet season, dedicated to major god Lono, associated with agriculture, fertility, music, peace and rainfall.:
Aina Archaeology, via Facebook Sep. 22, 2024

Bishop Museum Sky Map Sep 2026 admits Fall Equinox on its Infosheet even as that date appears amid epaki mahina ("phase of moon"; Hawaiian 'epaki mahina) over Honolulu, Honolulu County, Oahu, Hawaii.

Tue., Sep. 22, 2026 officially bodes the Fall Equinox even as that bearing of an equal-day, equal-night 24 hours unofficially belongs to Fri., Sep. 28, 2026. The Northern-Hemisphere Fall Equinox, also called Autumn Equinox, Autumnal Equinox, of the United States' mainland state and mid-ocean state configures opposite-seasonally as the Southern-Hemisphere Spring Equinox. The United States' Northern-Hemisphere Spring Equinox, also designated as Vernal Equinox ("spring-pertaining equal-night"; vernālis [vērnus -ālis] aequinoctium [aequus nox]) defers opposite-seasonally to the Southern-Hemisphere Fall Equinox.

The first-quarter moon-phased mahina hapalua mua ("moon double half first"; Hawaiian mahina hapa lua mua) dates Fri.-Fr., Sep. 18-25, 2026, entertains the Fall Equinox's official date.

Full moon-phased mahina o hoku, mahina piha, mahina poepoe ("moon of star"; "moon full"; "moon round"; mahina o hōkū, mahina piha, mahina poepoe) favors unofficial equinox-figurings.

Our Sun getting above the komohana-west horizon and going below the hikina-east horizon guards respectively greater intervals afore, lesser intervals after, Fall-Equinox Sat., Sep. 22, 2026. The solar-system sun heeds its rising 6:15 a.m. Hawaiian-Aleutian Standard Time/HAST (4:15 p.m. Greenwich Mean Time/GMT, Coordinated Universal Time/UTC) Tues. through Fri., Sep. 1 through 4. Our Sun's setting instances itinerate from 6:47 p.m. HAST (4:47 next-day a.m. GMT/UTC) Tuesday, September 1 to 6:46 (4:46), 6:45 (4:45), 6:44 (4:44) Wednesday-Thursday, September 2-4.

Bishop Museum Sky Map Sep 2026 joins Fall Equinox to its Infosheet even as sunrising 6:16 a.m. (4:16 p.m.) Saturday-Tuesday, September 5-8 jubilates sunsetting 6:43 (4:43), 6:42 (4:42), 6:41 (4:41), 640 (4:40).

Wednesday-Saturday, September 9-12 kindle Honolulu sunrising at 6:17 a.m. (4:17 p.m.) even as those dates kineticize sunsetting at 6:39 (4:39), 6:38 (4:38), 6:37 (4:37), 6:36 (4:36).

Sunday-Wednesday, September 13-16 log Honolulu sunrising at 6:18 a.m. (4:18 p.m.) even as such above-horizon locations last until 6:36 (4:36), 6:35 (4:35), 6:34 (4:34), 6:33 (4:33). Thursday-Sunday, September 17-20 maintain Honolulu sunrising at 6:19 a.m. (4:19 p.m.) even as such above-horizon motions manifest until 6:32 (4:32), 6:31 (4:31), 6:30 (4:30), 6:29 (4:29). Monday-Thursday, September 21-24 niche Honolulu sunrising at 6:30 a.m. (4:20 p.m.) even as such above-horizon navigations nestle until 6:28 (4:28), 6:27 (4:27), 6:26 (4:26), 6:25 (4:25).

Bishop Museum Sky Map September 2026 offers its Infosheet Fall Equinox even as that occurrence occasions a 12-hour-7-minute day officially Tue., Sep. 22, 2026 and actual 12-hour day unofficially Monday, September 28.

Friday-Monday, September 25-28 present Honolulu sunrising at 6:21 a.m. (4:21 p.m.) with above-horizon peregrinations until 6:24 p.m. (4:24 next-day a.m.), 6:23 (4:23), 6:22 (4:22), 6:21 (4:21).

Tuesday-Wednesday, September 29-30, 2026, queue Honolulu sunrising at 6:22 a.m. (4:22 p.m.), with above-horizon quests quit respectively at 6:20 p.m. (4:20 next-day a.m.) and 6:19 (4:19). Autumn, Autumnal, Fall Equinoxes require equal-length lighted, equal-length darkened skies even as rising and setting moons reveal respective 13-hour-24-minute and 11-hour-28-minute realizations September 22 and 28. Rising and setting moons suggest 11-hour-54-minute and 12-hour-7-minute sustainabilities respectively to 12-hour-19-minute and 12-hour-2-minute sunlight respectively to new-moon Saturday, September 12 and full-moon Saturday, September 26.

Bishop Museum Sky Map Sep 2026 over Honolulu ("bay sheltered"; hono lulu), Oahu ("the-gathering-place"; o'ahu) island, Hawaii ("breath lifeforce supreme"; ha wai 'i) state transmits equal-light, equal-dark Fall Equinox through its Infosheet.

The Tropic of Cancer represents the northernmost latitude of the directly overhead sun. The imaginary circle of latitude separates Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument's leeward Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI) from the eight major islands of the windward Southeastern Hawaiian Islands.
Hawaiian mythology designates the Tropic of Cancer as Ke Ala Polohiwa a Kāne ("the dark shining path of Kāne") in honor of one of four major gods, Kāne the God of Creation. The Tropic of Cancer marks the boundary between the realms of Pō, Papahānaumokuākea's "supernatural islands called ’aina akua (deified islands)," and the realm of Ao, the Southeastern Hawaiian Islands' "realm of light where the living resides," as explained by cultural anthropologist Kekuewa Kikiloi, marine ecologist and fisheries scientist Alan Marc Friedlander and five co-authors in "Papahānaumokuākea: Integrating Culture in the Design and Management of one of the World's Largest Marine Protected Areas," published in the October 2017 issue of Coastal Management (pages 4-5).
The autumnal equinox signifies the sun's journey southward, away from the Tropic of Cancer's boundary with the realm of Pō and through the realm of Ao, toward the Tropic of Capricorn.
"Pō and Ao map of Papahānaumokuākea," graphic by NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration), in "Hawaiian Cultural History and Significance" section, Papahānaumokuākea > Native Hawaiian Cultural Heritage, via Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument website.:
NOAA, Public Domain, via Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Dedication

This post is dedicated to the memory of our beloved blue-eyed brother, Charles, who guided the creation of the Met Opera and Astronomy posts on Earth and Space News. We memorialized our brother in "Our Beloved Blue-Eyed Brother, Charles, With Whom We Are Well Pleased," published on Earth and Space News on Thursday, Nov. 18, 2021, an anniversary of our beloved father's death.

Image credits:

"The equinox marks the exact moment when the center of the Sun crosses the plane of our planet’s equator," explains New York City-based amateur astronomer and educator Kat Troche in "Embracing the Equinox," published March 14, 2026, on the NASA Science website (https://science.nasa.gov/solar-system/skywatching/night-sky-network/embracing-the-equinox/).
The September equinox occurs as an autumn, or fall, equinox in the Northern Hemisphere and as a vernal, or spring, equinox in the Southern Hemisphere. September's equinox marks the solar crossing of the Equator (Ka Piko o Wākea) in continuation of the southward journey commenced by June's solstice. "This movement is why some refer to the March equinox as the northward equinox and the September equinox as the southward equinox," notes Kat Troche.
Hawaiian mythology's description of the autumnal equinox as Ke Ala Maʻaweʻula a Kanaloa ("the well-traveled path, or tentacle, of Kanaloa") references squid- or octopus-associated Kanaloa, one of four major Hawaiian gods. As God of the Sea, Kanaloa complements Kāne, God of creation. The two equinoxes signify the only two dates of co-ruling of the sun by Kāne and Kanaloa. The autumn equinox announces the start of Kanaloa's preeminence and, with the rising of the Makaliʻi (Pleiades) approximately two months later, the transition to the wet season, dedicated to major god Lono, associated with agriculture, fertility, music, peace and rainfall.:
Aina Archaeology, via Facebook Sep. 22, 2024, @ https://www.facebook.com/ainaarchaeology/posts/pfbid0TsieeDRNKkjh3KTYhBot3dT9PYPUE3rWXHyskwRRMWq42gXewsbVNMfge15qaTjdl;
Aina Archaeology, via Facebook Sep. 22, 2024, @ https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=968204288653819&set=pb.100063927698149.-2207520000;
ainaarchaeology, via Instagram Sep. 22, 2024, @ https://www.instagram.com/p/DAO9kKkMTkx/

The Tropic of Cancer represents the northernmost latitude of the directly overhead sun. The imaginary circle of latitude separates Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument's leeward Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI) from the eight major islands of the windward Southeastern Hawaiian Islands.
Hawaiian mythology designates the Tropic of Cancer as Ke Ala Polohiwa a Kāne ("the dark shining path of Kāne") in honor of one of four major gods, Kāne the God of Creation. The Tropic of Cancer marks the boundary between the realms of Pō, Papahānaumokuākea's "supernatural islands called ’aina akua (deified islands)," and the realm of Ao, the Southeastern Hawaiian Islands' "realm of light where the living resides," as explained by cultural anthropologist Kekuewa Kikiloi, marine ecologist and fisheries scientist Alan Marc Friedlander and five co-authors in "Papahānaumokuākea: Integrating Culture in the Design and Management of one of the World's Largest Marine Protected Areas," published in the October 2017 issue of Coastal Management (pages 4-5).
The autumnal equinox signifies the sun's journey southward, away from the Tropic of Cancer's boundary with the realm of Pō and through the realm of Ao, toward the Tropic of Capricorn.
"Pō and Ao map of Papahānaumokuākea," graphic by NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration), in "Hawaiian Cultural History and Significance" section, Papahānaumokuākea > Native Hawaiian Cultural Heritage, via Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument website.:
NOAA, Public Domain, via Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument @ https://www.papahanaumokuakea.gov/new-heritage/history/;
Kekuewa Kikiloi, Alan Friedlander, T. Aulani Wilhelm, Nai'a Lewis, Kalani Quiocho, William 'Āila and Sol Kaho'ohalahala, "Papahānaumokuākea: Integrating Culture in the Design and Management of one of the World's Largest Marine Protected Areas," Coastal Management, vol. 45, issue 6 (October 2017), pages 436-451, via ResearchGate @ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320750400_Papahanaumokuakea_Integrating_Culture_in_the_Design_and_Management_of_one_of_the_World's_Largest_Marine_Protected_Areas

For further information:

"August 2024 Sky Watch." 'Imiloa > Education & Outreach > Sky Lines & Sky Watch.
Available @ https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5ae7c948d274cb3827a2db21/t/66ce59f4fffb954216ae7066/1724799477531/August+2024+Sky+Watch.png

Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum @BishopMuseum. 31 May 2013. "Aloha Friday Fact! The term 'Lahaina Noon' is relatively new, actually invented in 1990 for a phenomenon long marked by cultures across the Pacific and the tropics more widely. . . ." Facebook.
Available @ https://www.facebook.com/BishopMuseum/photos/a.167268692109/10151654494977110/

Campbell, Kimo. (Ed.). 1997. The Kumulipo: An Hawaiian Creation Myth. Second printing. Honolulu HI: Pueo Press. First Pueo Press edition. San Francisco CA: Pueo Press, 1978. First published by Boston MA: Lee and Shepard, 1897.
Available @ http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/GG/FACULTY/ROWLAND/GG104/Readings/Liliuokalani_1897.pdf

Fenske, Josie. 8 November 2023. “Gemini North Reveals the Formation of Dense Dwarf Galaxy ‘Fossils’.” NSF NOIRLab (U.S. National Science Foundation National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory > Public > News > Press Releases > 2021-2030 > 2023 > noirlab2330 – Science Release
Available @ https://noirlab.edu/public/news/noirlab2330/

"Hawaiian Lunar Month." Hokulea > 'Ike: Knowledge and Traditions > Wayfinding: Modern Methods and Techniques of Non-Instrument Navigation, Based on Pacific Traditions > Hawaiian Voyaging Traditions > Hawaiian Lunar Month.
Available @ https://archive.hokulea.com/ike/hookele/hawaiian_lunar_month.html

Joey; and Gerrit. "Average Weather For Hilo (By Month)." Love Big Island > Menu > Regions > Hilo > Highlights > Highlights For Hilo (City And Outdoors) > Guide to Hilo: Beaches, Favorites Activities, And Day Trips > Table of contents > Weather trends > Local Weather in Hilo > monthly average weather for Hilo. Updated 16 March 2021. Copyright 2011-2023.
Available @ https://www.lovebigisland.com/hilo/average-yearly-weather/

"July 2024 Sky Watch." 'Imiloa > Education & Outreach > Sky Lines & Sky Watch.
Available @ https://imiloahawaii.org/sky-charts

"June 2024 Sky Watch." 'Imiloa > Education & Outreach > Sky Lines & Sky Watch.
Available @ https://imiloahawaii.org/sky-charts

Kawaharada, Dennis. “Lunar Days.” Kapi’olani Community College > Asia-Pacific Digital Library > APDL > Traditions of O’ahu. Copyright Kapi’olani Community College 2001-2004. Last Modified Last Updated 27 February 2023.
Available @ https://guides.library.kapiolani.hawaii.edu/apdl/oahu/days#:~:text=Kukahi%20(first%20Ku)%3A%20moon,to%20the%20shore%20to%20fish.

Kawaharada, Dennis. “Traditions of O'ahu: Seasons & Months.” Kapi’olani Community College > Asia-Pacific Digital Library > APDL > Traditions of O’ahu. Copyright Kapi’olani Community College 2001-2004. Last Modified Last Updated 27 February 2023.
Available @ https://guides.library.kapiolani.hawaii.edu/apdl/oahu/months

"Lāhaina Noon." Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum > Astronomy Resources.
Available @ https://www.bishopmuseum.org/planetarium/astronomy-resources/lahaina-noon/

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 September 2026. "Bishop Museum Sky Map Sep 2026 Admits Fall Equinox on Its Infosheet." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 September 2026. "Bishop Museum Sky Map Sep 2026 Avails Moon Phases on Its Infosheet." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/09/bishop-museum-sky-map-sep-2026-avails.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 31 August 2026. "Backbone, Fishline, Kite Star Lines Awe Bishop August 2026 Sky Map." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/08/backbone-fishline-kite-star-lines-awe_01801861288.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 24 August 2026. "Galaxy and Star Lights Alighten Bishop Museum August 2026 Sky Map." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/08/galaxy-and-star-lights-alighten-bishop.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 August 2026. "Bishop Museum August 2026 Sky Map Absents Cygnids, Eridanids Meteors." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/08/bishop-museum-august-2026-sky-map.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 10 August 2026. "Perseids Meteor Shower Acts During Bishop Museum August 2026 Sky Map." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/08/perseids-meteor-shower-acts-during.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 3 August 2026. "Bishop Museum August 2026 Sky Map Maybe Anticipates Cloudy Moon Phases." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/07/bishop-museum-july-2026-sky-map-augurs.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 July 2026. "Backbone and Fishhook Star Lines Awe Bishop Museum July 2026 Sky Map." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/07/backbone-and-fishhook-star-lines-awe_0618984728.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 20 July 2026. "Bishop Museum July 2026 Sky Map Augurs Galaxy, Planet, Star Lights." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/07/bishop-museum-july-2026-sky-map-augurs.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 July 2026. "Lahaina Noon Dates, Places and Times Apply to Hawaii Skies July 2026." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/07/lahaina-noon-dates-places-and-times_01151626929.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 6 July 2026. "Moon Phases Aid Night Lights Alighting Bishop Museum July 2026 Sky Map." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/07/moon-phases-aid-night-lights-alighting_01393615814.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 June 2026. "Bishop Museum June 2026 Sky Map Admits Kaiwikuamoo Backbone Star Line." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 June 2026. "Bishop Museum June 2026 Sky Map Avows Galaxy, Moon, Planet, Star Light." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/06/bishop-museum-june-2026-sky-map-avows.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 8 June 2026. "Bishop Museum June 2026 Sky Map Alightens Later on the Summer Solstice." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @

Marriner, Derdriu. 1 June 2026. "Moon Phases Alight Hawaii Skies During Bishop Museum June 2026 Sky Map." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/06/moon-phases-alight-hawaii-skies-during_069286640.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 March 2026. "Bishop Museum March 2026 Sky Map Avows Bailer, Kite, Lizard Star Lines." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/03/bishop-museum-march-2026-sky-map-avows.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 23 March 2026. "Bishop Museum March 2026 Sky Map Accepts Galaxy, Planet, Star Lights." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/03/bishop-museum-march-2026-sky-map.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 March 2026. "No Spring, Vernal Equinox Affects Bishop Museum March 2026 Sky Map." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/03/no-spring-vernal-equinox-affects-bishop.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 March 2026. "Bishop Museum March 2026 Sky Map Airs Sky Lights During Moon Phases." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/03/bishop-museum-march-2026-sky-map-airs.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 2 March 2026. "No Total Lunar Eclipse Affects Bishop Museum March 2026 Sky Map." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/03/no-total-lunar-eclipse-affects-bishop.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 23 February 2026. "Makalii Bailer Star Line Anchors Bishop Museum February 2026 Sky Map." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/02/makalii-bailer-star-line-anchors-bishop.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 February 2026. "Bishop Museum February 2026 Sky Map Admits Galaxy, Planet, Star Light." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/02/bishop-museum-february-2026-sky-map_01210794622.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 February 2026. "Alpha Centaurids Are Absent from Bishop Museum February 2026 Sky Map." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/02/alpha-centaurids-are-absent-from-bishop.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 2 February 2026. "Bishop Museum February 2026 Sky Map Airs Sky Lights During Moon Phases." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/02/bishop-museum-february-2026-sky-map.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 January 2026. "Bailer and Kite Star Lines Are on Bishop Museum January 2026 Sky Map." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/01/bailer-and-kite-star-lines-are-on.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 January 2026. "Galaxy, Planet, Stars Alighten Bishop Museum January 2026 Sky Map." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/01/galaxy-planet-stars-alighten-bishop.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 January 2026. Bishop Museum January 2026 Sky Map Absents Quadrantids Meteor Shower." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/01/bishop-museum-january-2026-sky-map_12.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 5 January 2026. "Bishop Museum January 2026 Sky Map Addresses Full Moon as Mahealani." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/01/bishop-museum-january-2026-sky-map.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 December 2025. "Kite Star Line Kalupeakawelo Alightens 'Imiloa December 2025 Sky Watch." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/12/kite-star-line-kalupeakawelo-alightens.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 December 2025. "December 2025 Bishop Sky Map, 'Imiloa Sky Chart Axe Meteor Moon Lights." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/12/december-2025-bishop-sky-map-imiloa-sky.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 December 2025. "'Imiloa December 2025 Sky Watch Airs Hibernal Northern Winter Solstice." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/12/imiloa-december-2025-sky-watch-airs.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 8 December 2025. "Geminid Meteor Showers Are Active Amid 'Imiloa December 2025 Sky Watch." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/12/geminid-meteor-showers-are-active-amid.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 1 December 2025. "Cloudy Skies Perhaps Affect Hawaii December 2025 Moon Phases Over Hilo." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/12/cloudy-skies-perhaps-affect-hawaii.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 24 November 2025. Kite Star Line Kalupeakawelo Alights 'Imiloa November 2025 Sky Watch." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/11/kite-star-line-kalupeakawelo-alights.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 November 2025. "November 2025 Bishop Sky Map, 'Imiloa Sky Chart Axe Meteors, Moonlight." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/11/november-2025-bishop-sky-map-imiloa-sky.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 10 November 2025. "Maunakea Observatories Add 3I/ATLAS to 'Imiloa December 2025 Sky Watch." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/11/maunakea-observatories-add-3iatlas-to.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 3 November 2025. "Cloudy, Rainy Skies Over Hawaii November 2025 Moon Phases Affect Hilo." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/11/cloudy-rainy-skies-over-hawaii-november.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 October 2025. "'Imiloa October 2025 Sky Watch Addresses Fishline and Kite Star Lines." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/10/imiloa-october-2025-sky-watch-addresses.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 20 October 2025. "Skies Alighten 'Imiloa October 2025 Sky Watch, Bishop Museum Sky Map." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/10/skies-alighten-imiloa-october-2025-sky.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 October 2025. "Maunakea Observatory Avails Supermassive Black Hole in Messier 87." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/10/maunakea-observatory-avails.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 6 October 2025. "Cloudy Skies Over Hawaii October 2025 Affect Moon Phases Over Hilo." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/10/cloudy-skies-over-hawaii-october-2025.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 September 2025. "'Imiloa September 2025 Sky Watch Admits Backbone, Fishline, Kite Stars." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/09/imiloa-september-2025-sky-watch-admits_01712950595.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 September 2025. "Sky Lights Awe 'Imiloa September 2025 Sky Watch, Bishop Museum Sky Map." Earth and Space News. Monday. Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/09/sky-lights-awe-imiloa-september-2025.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 September 2025. "'Imiloa September 2025 Sky Watch Admits the Fall Equinox Next Monday." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/09/imiloa-september-2025-sky-watch-admits.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 8 September 2025. "Maunakea Observatory Three-Dimensionally Avails Us the Ring Nebula." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/09/maunakea-observatory-three.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 1 September 2025. "Cloudy Skies Affect Hawaii September 2025 Moon Phases Over Hilo." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/09/cloudy-skies-affect-hawaii-september.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 25 August 2025. "Backbone, Fishline, Kite Star Lines Awe August 2025 Sky Map, Sky Watch." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/08/backbone-fishline-kite-star-lines-awe.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 August 2025. "Galaxy, Moon, Stars Alighten August 2025 Sky Map, Sky Watch Star Lines." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/08/galaxy-moon-stars-alighten-august-2025.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 11 August 2025. "As Sednoid Four, Ammonite Acts Away From 'Imiloa August 2025 Sky Watch." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/08/as-sednoid-four-ammonite-acts-away-from.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 4 August 2025. "Cloudy Skies Over Hawaii August 2025 Moon Phases Affect Cloudy Hilo." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/08/cloudy-skies-over-hawaii-august-2025.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 July 2025. "'Imiloa July 2025 Sky Watch Accesses Backbone and Fishhook Star Lines." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/07/imiloa-july-2025-sky-watch-accesses.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 21 July 2025. "Galaxy, Meteor, Moon, Planets, Stars Awe 'Imiloa July 2025 Sky Watch." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/07/galaxy-meteor-moon-planets-stars-awe.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 July 2025. "Lahaina Noon Dates, Places and Times Apply to Hawaii Skies July 2025." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/07/galaxy-meteor-moon-planets-stars-awe.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 July 2025. "Moon Phases July 2025 Alighten Hawaii Skies of Hilo Less Than Honolulu." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/07/moon-phases-july-2025-alighten-hawaii.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 June 2025. "‘Imiloa June 2025 Sky Watch Accesses Kaiwikuamoo Backbone Star Line." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/06/imiloa-june-2025-sky-watch-accesses.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 23 June 2025. "'Imiloa June 2025 Sky Watch Admits Galaxy, Moon, Planet and Star Light." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/06/imiloa-june-2025-sky-watch-admits.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 June 2025. "Keck Observatory Keck Planet Finder Avails HD 219134 Asteroseismology." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/06/keck-observatory-keck-planet-finder.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 June 2025. "Summer Solstice Alights Later Hawaii Skies June 2025 at Hilo, Honolulu." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/06/summer-solstice-alights-later-hawaii.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 2 June 2025. "Moon Phases Alighten Hawaii Skies of Honolulu More Than Hilo June 2025." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/06/moon-phases-alighten-hawaii-skies-of.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 May 2025. "‘Imiloa May 2025 Sky Watch Accesses Backbone and Bailer Star Lines." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/05/imiloa-may-2025-sky-watch-accesses.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 May 2025. "'Imiloa May 2025 Sky Watch Adds Lights About Eta Aquariids, Star Lines." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/05/imiloa-may-2025-sky-watch-adds-lights.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 May 2025. "‘Imiloa May 2025 Sky Watch Avails Us Lahaina Noon Dates, Places, Times." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/05/fifteen-sunny-days-over-honolulu-awe.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 5 May 2025. "Fifteen Sunny Days Over Honolulu Awe Moon Phases Over Hawaii May 2025." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/05/fifteen-sunny-days-over-honolulu-awe.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 April 2025. "All the Makalii Bailer Star Line Assists ‘Imiloa April 2025 Sky Watch." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/04/all-makalii-bailer-star-line-assists.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 21 April 2025. "Galaxy, Moon, Planet and Star Light Aces ‘Imiloa April 2025 Sky Watch." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/04/galaxy-moon-planet-and-star-light-aces.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 April 2025. "A Full Pink Moon, a Lyrid Meteor Shower Adorn Hawaii Skies April 2025." Earth and Space News. Monday. Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/04/a-full-pink-moon-lyrid-meteor-shower.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 April 2025. "Cloudless Skies Thrice Accompany Moon Phases Over Hawaii April 2025." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/04/cloudless-skies-thrice-accompany-moon.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 31 March 2025. "All the Makalii Bailer Star Line Aids ‘Imiloa March 2025 Sky Watch." Earth and Space News. Monday. Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/03/all-makalii-bailer-star-line-aids.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 24 March 2025. "Galaxy, Moon, Planet and Star Light Awes ‘Imiloa March 2025 Sky Watch." Earth and Space News. Monday. Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/03/galaxy-moon-planet-and-star-light-awes.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 March 2025. "Spring Equinox Adds Longest Day, Briefest Night Over Hawaii March 2025." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/03/spring-equinox-adds-longest-day.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 10 March 2025. "An All-Eclipsed Full Moon Affords No Moonlight Over Hawaii March 20255." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/03/an-all-eclipsed-full-moon-affords-no.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 3 March 2025. "Cloudy Skies All But Once Accompany Moon Phases Over Hawaii March 2025." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/03/cloudy-skies-all-but-once-accompany.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 24 February 2025. "Makalii Bailer More Than Kawelo's Kite Awes Hawaii Skies February 2025." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/02/makalii-bailer-more-than-kawelos-kite.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 February 2025. "Stars Amid and Around Star Lines Alighten Hilo, Hawaii February 2025." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/02/stars-amid-and-around-star-lines.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 10 February 2025. "Mars Aligns With Six Other Planets Above Hilo, Hawaii February 2025" Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/02/mars-aligns-with-six-other-planets.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 3 February 2025. "Moon Phases Alighten Moon-Risen Skies Above Hilo, Hawaii February 2025." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/02/moon-phases-alighten-moon-risen-skies.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 January 2025. "Star Lines Awe Galaxy-, Moon-, Planet-Lit Hawaiian Skies February 2025." Earth and Space News. Monday. Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/01/star-lines-awe-galaxy-moon-planet-lit_27.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 20 January 2025. "A Galaxy, a Moon, Planets, Stars Abide Above Hilo, Hawaii January 2025." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/01/a-galaxy-moon-planets-stars-abide-above.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 6 January 2025. "Moon Phases Alighten Moon-Risen Skies Over Hilo, Hawaii January 2025." Earth and Space News. Monday. Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/01/moon-phases-alighten-moon-risen-skies.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 December 2024. "‘Maunakea Astronomers Ally Disrupted and Ultra-Compact Dwarf Galaxies." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/12/maunakea-astronomers-ally-disrupted-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 23 December 2024. "‘Imiloa December 2024 Sky Watch Aced Hibernal Northern Winter Solstice." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/12/imiloa-december-2024-sky-watch-aced.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 December 2024. "Kawelo’s Kite Kalupeakawelo Alightens ‘Imiloa December 2024 Sky Watch." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/12/kawelos-kite-kalupeakawelo-alightens.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 December 2024. "‘Imiloa December 2024 Sky Watch Aces 3200 Phaethon Asteroidal Geminids." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/12/imiloa-december-2024-sky-watch-aces.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 2 December 2024. "‘Imiloa December 2024 Sky Watch Accommodates Four Moon Phases." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/12/imiloa-december-2024-sky-watch.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 25 November 2024. "‘Imiloa November 2024 Sky Watch Applauds Makalii and Makahiki Arriving." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/11/imiloa-november-2024-sky-watch-applauds.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 November 2024. "Leonid Meteor Shower Alights ‘Imiloa November 2024 Sky Watch." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/11/leonid-meteor-shower-alights-imiloa.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 11 November 2024. "Kawelo’s Kite Kalupeakawelo Amuses ‘Imiloa November 2024 Sky Watch." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/11/kawelos-kite-kalupeakawelo-amuses.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 4 November 2024. "Six Sunny Days Appear for ‘Imiloa November 2024 Sky Watch Moon Phases." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/11/six-sunny-days-appear-for-imiloa.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 October 2024. "Keck Observatory Avails ‘Imiloa October 2024 Sky Watch of Porphyrion." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/10/keck-observatory-avails-imiloa-october.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 21 October 2024. "Bailer, Fishline, Kite Star Lines Adorn ‘Imiloa October 2024 Sky Watch." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/10/death-at-sanatorium-acquaints-us-with_01214399686.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 October 2024. "‘Imiloa October 2024 Sky Watch Day Two Aced a Partial Solar Eclipse." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/10/imiloa-october-2024-sky-watch-day-two.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 October 2024. "‘Imiloa October 2024 Sky Watch Airs Four Moon Phases, No Ancient Trio." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/10/imiloa-october-2024-sky-watch-airs-four.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 September 2024. "‘Imiloa September 2024 Sky Watch Admires Planet Saturn Dusk to Dawn." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/09/imiloa-september-2024-sky-watch-admires.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 23 September 2024. "‘Imiloa September 2024 Sky Watch Admitted the Autumnal Equinox Sunday." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/09/imiloa-september-2024-sky-watch-aces.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 September 2024. "Imiloa September 2024 Sky Watch Aces Full-Moon Penumbral Lunar Eclipse." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/09/imiloa-september-2024-sky-watch-aces.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 September 2024. "‘Imiloa September 2024 Sky Watch Airs Backbone, Fishline, Kawelo Kite Star Lines." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/09/imiloa-september-2024-sky-watch-airs.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 2 September 2024. "‘Imiloa September 2024 Sky Watch Appears Most Active Under Full Moons." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/09/imiloa-september-2024-sky-watch-appears.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 August 2024. "Backbone and Chief's Fishline Awe 'Imiloa August 2024 Sky Watch." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/08/backbone-and-chiefs-fishline-awe-imiloa.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 August 2024. "Mars and Jupiter Conjunction Alights ‘Imiloa August 2024 Sky Watch." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/08/mars-and-jupiter-conjunction-alights.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 August 2024. "Perseids Meteor Shower Maximally Alights ‘Imiloa August 2024 Sky Watch." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/08/perseids-meteor-shower-maximally.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 5 August 2024. "‘Imiloa August 2024 Sky Watch Accepts Two Last-Quarter Moon Phases." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/08/imiloa-august-2024-sky-watch-accepts.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 July 2024. "Moons, Planets, Stars Are at ‘Imiloa July 2024 Sky Watch Early Morning." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/07/moons-planets-stars-are-at-imiloa-july.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 July 2024. "The Backbone and The Chief’s Fishline Awe ‘Imiloa July 2024 Sky Watch." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/07/the-backbone-and-chiefs-fishline-awe.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 July 2024. "‘Imiloa July 2024 Sky Watch Assigns Lahaina Noon Dates, Places, Times." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/07/imiloa-july-2024-sky-watch-assigns.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 8 July 2024. "‘Imiloa July 2024 Sky Watch Accepts Two First-Quarter Moon Phases." Earth and Space News. Monday. Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/07/imiloa-july-2024-sky-watch-accepts-two.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 1 July 2024. "‘Imiloa July 2024 Sky Watch Adds One More To Ancient Moon Phases." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/07/imiloa-july-2024-sky-watch-adds-one.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 24 June 2024. "'Imiloa June 2024 Sky Watch Morning Planets, Star Cluster, Star Lines." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/06/imiloa-june-2024-sky-watch-morning.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 June 2024. "‘Imiloa June 2024 Sky Watch Moon Phases Admit Summer Solstice June 20." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/06/imiloa-june-2024-sky-watch-moon-phases.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 10 June 2024. "‘Imiloa June 2024 Sky Watch Addresses Backbone Star Line Kaiwikuamo’o." Earth and Space News. Monday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/06/imiloa-june-2024-sky-watch-addresses.html

"November 2024 Sky Watch." 'Imiloa > Education & Outreach > Sky Lines & Sky Watch.
Available @ https://imiloahawaii.org/sky-charts

"September 2024 Sky Watch." 'Imiloa > Education & Outreach > Sky Lines & Sky Watch.
Available @ https://imiloahawaii.org/sky-charts

Thompson, Nainoa. "Hawaiian Star Lines and Names for Stars." Hawaiian Voyaging Traditions > Home > Menu > 'Ike: Knowledge and Traditions > Ho'okele: On Wayfinding > Nainoa Thompson On Wayfinding > Wayfinding: Modern Methods and Techniques of Non-Instrument Navigation, Based on Pacific Traditions > Hawaiian Star Lines.
Available @ https://archive.hokulea.com/ike/hookele/hawaiian_star_lines.html

"Traditional month names, 1895." nupepa. Posted 11 November 2013. Powered by WordPress.
Available @ https://nupepa-hawaii.com/2013/11/21/traditional-month-names-1895/

Wang, K.; E.W. Peng; C. Liu et al. 8 November 2023. "An evolutionary continuum from nucleated dwarf galaxies to star clusters." Nature 623, 296–300 (2023). Received 24 March 2023. Accepted 15 September 2023. Published 8 November 2023. Issue Date 9 November 2023. DOI https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06650-z"
Available @ https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06650-z

"Weather in Hilo in December 2024." World Weather > World > United States > Hawaii > Weather in Hilo.
Available @ https://world-weather.info/forecast/usa/hilo/december-2024/

"Weather in Hilo in November 2024." World Weather > World > United States > Hawaii > Weather in Hilo.
Available @ https://world-weather.info/forecast/usa/hilo/november-2024/

"Weather in Hilo in October 2024." World Weather > World > United States > Hawaii > Weather in Hilo.
Available @ https://world-weather.info/forecast/usa/hilo/october-2024/

"Weather in Hilo in September 2024." World Weather > World > United States > Hawaii > Weather in Hilo.
Available @ https://world-weather.info/forecast/usa/hilo/september-2024/

"Weather in Hilo in August 2024." World Weather > World > United States > Hawaii > Weather in Hilo.
Available @ https://world-weather.info/forecast/usa/hilo/august-2024/

"Weather in Hilo in July 2024." World Weather > World > United States > Hawaii > Weather in Hilo.
Available @ https://world-weather.info/forecast/usa/hilo/july-2024/

"Weather in Hilo in June 2024." World Weather > World > United States > Hawaii > Weather in Hilo.
Available @ https://world-weather.info/forecast/usa/hilo/june-2024/

Yuen, Leileihua. "Kaulana Mahina - The Hawaiian Lunar Calendar." Ka'ahele Hawaii Writing for and about Hawai'i since 1993 > Ka Moomeheu o Hawaii - The Culture of Hawaii > Ao Hōkū - Hawaiian Astronomy.
Available @ https://www.kaahelehawaii.com/kaulana-mahina-the-hawaiian-lunar-calendar/

Dr Koeser Adds Planning for Roots to Dr Harper's Urban Forestry Today

Summary: Dr Koeser adds Planning for Roots to Dr Harper's Urban Forestry Today Thu., Sep. 10, 2026 noon-1:00 p.m. Eastern Daylight, 11:00 p.m. Greenwich Mean Times.

"God talks to human beings through many vectors: through each other, through organized religion, through the great books of those religions, through wise people, through art and music and literature and poetry, but nowhere with such detail and grace and color and joy as through creation. When we destroy a species, when we destroy a special place, we're diminishing our capacity to sense the divine, understand who God is and what our own potential is." Robert Francis Kennedy Jr., April 19, 2023, Boston Park Plaza Hotel, Back Bay, Boston, Massachusetts.

“And there’s many people out there who want us to move to the next planet already and I’m like, hang on, let’s not give up on this planet yet," William, Prince of Wales, July 31, 2023, Sorted Food food truck, London, England, United Kingdom.

Tree health necessitates considerations of optimal space for above- and below-ground arboreal components and of other factors, such as congenial floral and structural neighbors.:
TreesAreGood.org, via Facebook July 30, 2025

Dr Koeser adds Planning for Roots: Optimal Spacing, Minimum Thresholds, and Workarounds to Dr Harper's Urban Forestry Today webinar Thu., Sep. 10, 2026 noon-1:00 p.m. Eastern Daylight, 11:00 p.m. Greenwich Mean Times.

Construction schedules betoken tree protection zones (TPZ) even as they bare spacing-requirement minimums for the broached tree’s/trees’ structural roots and bear construction-method alternatives for compact developments. The afore-concerned TPZs cull as their commonest, construction-caused damage sources roots cut or smothered by above-ground mechanical injury, grade changes, soil compaction, trench conduits and piping. They demand for their defense their exclusion from construction activities even as they ideally domicile within heavy-duty fencing and deserve routine inspections and anti-intruder fine-paying schedules.

These TPZs entail respective British, International Society of Arboriculture, New Zealander, Australian standards 12 times diameter-at-breast-height (DBH), 6-18 times DBH, 4 times circumference, 12 times DBH.

Study One featured Wimauma (Wilma, Maude, Mary daughters of founder Captain Christopher Hartwell Davis [Thu., Aug. 27, 1846-Sep. 1928]) Live Oaks (Quercus virginiana), Hillsborough County, Florida.

Thirty-foot (30-foot; 9.144-meter) trenches each guarded at 3, 6, 12 times DBH a respective study- sample tree side even as a study-control tree got undisturbed ground. The afore-heralded study had afore-honed trench roots hand-cut even as it hosted cross-sectional area-measuring, through moisture-conducting electrical-impulse sonography of sapwood roots and sapwood trees, cut roots. It involved one-year impacts on per-millimeter twig growth and per-centimeter trunk diameter even as it indicated significant twig-growth decrease on sample trees and insignificant trunk-diameter impact.

Dr Andrew Koeser of The Davey Tree Expert Company and the University of Florida, with his Planning for Roots, joins University of Massachusetts-Amherst Extension Professor Dr Rick Harper’s Urban Forestry Today webinars.

Proper tree placement considers adequate space between trees and nearby structures, such as utility lines, the side walk and driveways.:
TreesAreGood.org, via Facebook June 14, 2023

The afore-known study kindles as its key findings water stress in all first-growing season treatments even as study-sample trees at 3 times DBH kept that stress.

The Wimauma study looked at 25-percent root zones even as it likens 6, 6-plus times DBH to trees lacking water stress living untoppled through Hurricane Irma. Study Two at Citra, Marion County, Florida measured TPZs 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 times trunk root-flared (TRF) trunk root zone (TRZ), Quercus virginiana circular trenches-ward. Key findings note TPZs 12 times DBH nixing long-term trunk- and twig-growth impacts for medium-sized Quercus virginiana and TPZs 15 times DBH nullifying short-term water stress.

Dr Koeser observed no Hurricane Irma-overcome study-sample trees even as Planning for Roots, in Dr Harper's Urban Forestry Today series, offers Pasco-neighborhood Seven Oaks, Wesley Chapel, County, Florida's 2,000 sidewalk-lifting tree-removing operations.

Study Three, Tampa, Hillsborough County, Florida presented mature-tree Quercus laurifolia's (laurel oak) and Quercus virginiana's enlarged-buttress to late-ropelike roots, visible-trunk flare 1.2 meters (3.93700787 feet) outward.

Crooked-infrastructure ground-cover and root-defect factors never significantly queue questionable trunk flare diameter (TFD) sizes even as Quercus laurifolia and Quercus virginiana quantify respective 0.58+1.68xDBH and 2.7+1.19xDBH. Study-sample trees require 4-foot (1.2192-meter) minimum, 15-foot (4.572-meter) maximum tree-infrastructure planting widths even as Study Four recognizes 0.25- to 0.30-MPa radial-growth pressures as rendering roots flat. The four studies suggest 15 times DBH TPZs; 4- to 8-foot (1.2192- to 2.4384-meter) planting widths; root-deflecting gravel around tree-area sidewalks; radial-growth pressures all root non-flattening.

The Davey Tree Expert Company and University of Florida Dr Koeser treated attendees questioning sapwood roots, sapwood trees; side-disturbed, smallest-sized trees; down-redirecting commercial-plastic root barriers for UMass Dr Harper's Urban Forestry Today.

The University of Massachusetts' Urban Forestry Today webinar series features a noon-hour (Eastern time) webcast of "Planning for Roots: Optimal Spacing, Minimum Thresholds & Workarounds" by University of Florida Urban Tree and Landscape Management Professor and Davey Institute Arboriculture Research Scientist Andrew Koeser, with Richard "Rick" W. Harper, Urban Forestry Today host, professor and extension urban forestry specialist, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, and Tree Fund Trustee.:
Urban Forestry Today, University of Massachusetts, via Facebook Sep. 8, 2026

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Dedication

This post is dedicated to the memory of our beloved blue-eyed brother, Charles, who guided the creation of the Met Opera and Astronomy posts on Earth and Space News. We memorialized our brother in "Our Beloved Blue-Eyed Brother, Charles, With Whom We Are Well Pleased," published on Earth and Space News on Thursday, Nov. 18, 2021, an anniversary of our beloved father's death.

Image credits:

Tree health necessitates considerations of optimal space for above- and below-ground arboreal components and of other factors, such as congenial floral and structural neighbors.:
TreesAreGood.org, via Facebook July 30, 2025, @ https://www.facebook.com/TreesAreGood.org/posts/pfbid05MM1nxisotFhP72t7msPX4NV1aqmqTznowhyeQ5yk8oeiaiWccuwpJUErx8gW5Qyl;
TreesAreGood.org, via Facebook July 30, 2025, @ https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=1141324854709022&set=pb.100064945530183.-2207520000;
ISA TreesAreGood, "Trees and Turf," via ISA TreesAreGood @ https://www.treesaregood.org/Portals/0/TreesAreGood_Trees%20and%20Turf_0321.pdf

Proper tree placement considers adequate space between trees and nearby structures, such as utility lines, the side walk and driveways.:
TreesAreGood.org, via Facebook June 14, 2023, @ https://www.facebook.com/TreesAreGood.org/posts/pfbid0Hwk3zQPak375XZY8sYX7cnR7NvqQAXrfAK88cbVgnmzA5Vvnc1jP1mQs3Xahhvz3l;
TreesAreGood.org, via Facebook June 14, 2023, @ https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=639670814874431&set=pb.100064945530183.-2207520000;
TreesAreGood, "Planting a Tree," via ISA TreesAreGood @ https://www.treesaregood.org/Tree-Owner-Resources/Planting-a-Tree

The University of Massachusetts' Urban Forestry Today webinar series features a noon-hour (Eastern time) webcast of "Planning for Roots: Optimal Spacing, Minimum Thresholds & Workarounds" by University of Florida Urban Tree and Landscape Management Professor and Davey Institute Arboriculture Research Scientist Andrew Koeser, with Richard "Rick" W. Harper, Urban Forestry Today host, professor and extension urban forestry specialist, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, and Tree Fund Trustee.:
Urban Forestry Today, University of Massachusetts, via Facebook Sep. 8, 2026

For further information:

Gilman, Ed. 2011. An Illustrated Guide to Pruning. Third Edition. Boston MA: Cengage.

Hayes, Ed. 2001. Evaluating Tree Defects. Revised, Special Edition. Rochester MN: Safe Trees.

Marriner, Derdriu. 10 September 2026. "Dr Koeser Adds Planning for Roots to Dr Harper's Urban Forestry Today." Earth and Space News. Tuesday.
Available @

Marriner, Derdriu. 25 August 2026. "Dr Kahn Adds Tree and Powerline Clearances to TREE Fund Webinar Series." Earth and Space News. Tuesday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/08/dr-kahn-adds-tree-and-powerline.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 21 August 2026. "Drs Zhang and Mann Ask Green Stormwater Infrastructure: Does It Work?" Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/08/drs-zhang-and-mann-ask-green-stormwater_01364402788.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 2 August 2026. "Scharenbroch and Smiley Avail Aug 2026 Arborist News Soil Modification." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/08/scharenbroch-and-smiley-avail-aug-2026.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 July 2026. "Dr Jeff Hall Aces Amphibians and Forest Management as Forestry Webinar." Earth and Space News. Tuesday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/07/dr-jeff-hall-aces-amphibians-and-forest.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 24 July 2026. "Drs Zhang and Mann Ace Green Industry Webinar on Irrigation Salinity." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/07/drs-zhang-and-mann-ace-green-industry.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 23 July 2026. "Nidus Consulting's Ryan Gilpin Advises So, there is a new ISA TRAQ." Earth and Space News. Thursday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/07/nidus-consultings-ryan-gilpin-advises.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 21 July 2026. "Yellow-Naped Amazons Maybe Aided a 3-Year Study by Dr Thomas Whitney." Earth and Space News. Tuesday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/07/yellow-naped-amazons-maybe-aided-3-year_0108533574.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 21 July 2026. "Linden Aphids Are in a 3-Year Study by Dr Thomas Whitney for TREE Fund." Earth and Space News. Tuesday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/07/linden-aphids-are-in-3-year-study-by-dr.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 21 July 2026. "Aphid Midges Are in a 3-Year Study by Dr Thomas Whitney for TREE Fund." Earth and Space News. Tuesday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/07/dr-thomas-whitney-analyzes-aphid-midges.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 21 July 2026. "Dr Thomas Whitney Analyzes Aphid Midges in July 2026 TREE Fund Webinar." Earth and Space News. Tuesday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/07/dr-thomas-whitney-analyzes-aphid-midges.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 24 June 2026. "Dr Daryl Chesley Adds UVM Training for Adult Learning to UAA Webinars." Earth and Space News. Wednesday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/06/dr-daryl-chesley-adds-uvm-training-for.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 6 June 2026. "Randall H Miller Avails Arborist News June 2026 Vegetation Management." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/06/randall-h-miller-avails-arborist-news_038486589.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 21 May 2026. "Dr Wei Zhang Advances Drought-Restricted, Water-Prescribed Young Trees and Water Conservation." Earth and Space News. Thursday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/05/dr-wei-zhang-advances-drought.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 20 May 2026. "Chris O'Neal Adds Helicopter Trimming a Rural Co-op to UAA Webinars." Earth and Space News. Thursday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/05/chris-oneal-adds-helicopter-trimming.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 23 April 2026. "Ali Jasper Avails American Forests Diversity as a Resourcing Solution." Earth and Space News. Thursday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/04/ali-jasper-avails-american-forests.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 21 April 2026. "Drs Hauer, Koeser, Miesbauer Add Tree Injections as TREE Fund Webinar." Earth and Space News. Thursday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/04/drs-hauer-koeser-miesbauer-add-tree.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 April 2026. "Dr Eshenaur Apprises Urban Forestry Today Host Dr Harper of 2027 Pests." Earth and Space News. Thursday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/04/dr-eshenaur-apprises-urban-forestry_9.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 4 April 2026. "Christopher Luley, Kevin Smith Add Heart Rot to Arborist News Apr 2026." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/04/christopher-luley-kevin-smith-add-heart.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 February 2026. "Davey Tree Expert Company Augurs Dr Orrick's Futureproof the Workforce." Earth and Space News. Thursday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/02/davey-tree-expert-company-augurs-dr.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 February 2026. "Dr Brigitte Orrick Adds Futureproof the Workforce to American Forests." Earth and Space News. Thursday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/02/dr-brigitte-orrick-adds-futureproof.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 February 2026. "Arborist News Feb 2026 Airs Protecting Urban Greenspaces from Wildfire." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/02/arborist-news-feb-2026-airs-protecting.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 5 February 2026. "Dr Danica Doroski Aces Tree Committees for UMass Urban Forestry Today." Earth and Space News. Thursday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2026/02/dr-danica-doroski-aces-tree-committees_01178833716.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 4 January 2026. "Arboriculture & Urban Forestry Jan 2026 Assesses Cicadas on New Trees." Earth and Space News. Thursday.
Available @

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 December 2025. "Arborist News Dec 2025 Airs Soil Organic Matter 2 Sources, Management." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/12/arborist-news-dec-2025-airs-soil.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 2 November 2025. "Arboriculture & Urban Forestry Nov 2025 Airs Site, Soil, Oak Decline." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ Marriner, Derdriu. 2 November 2025. "Arboriculture & Urban Forestry Nov 2025 Airs Site, Soil, Oak Decline." Earth and Space News. Thursday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/11/arboriculture-urban-forestry-nov-2025.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 October 2025. "Drs Beatley, Brodbeck, Hupke Add to TREE Fund Webinars Canopy Cities." Earth and Space News. Thursday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/10/drs-beatley-brodbeck-hupke-add-to-tree.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 October 2025. "Drs Brodbeck, Brown, Hupke Add to TREE Fund Webinars Policy Strategies." Earth and Space News. Thursday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/10/drs-brodbeck-brown-hupke-add-to-tree.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 8 October 2025. "Drs Katy Crout Moretti, Kristy McAndrew Address Baldcypress Leafroller." Earth and Space News. Thursday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/10/drs-katy-crout-moretti-kristy-mcandrew.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 5 October 2025. "Remsen, Scharenbroch Air Soil Organic Matter I, Arborist News Oct 2025." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/10/remsen-scharenbroch-air-soil-organic.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 2 October 2025. "Drs Rick Harper, Deb Gilbert Are Understanding the Urban Life of Trees." Earth and Space News. Thursday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/10/drs-rick-harper-deb-gilbert-are.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 September 2025. "Arboriculture & Urban Forestry Sep 2025 Avails Urban Trees and Cooling." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/09/arboriculture-urban-forestry-sep-2025.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 3 August 2025. "SJ Lilly, AK Julius Avail Arborist News Aug 2025 Tree Climbers' Guide." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/08/sj-lilly-ak-julius-avail-arborist-news.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 23 July 2025. "July TREE Fund Avails Leveraging Data and Experience for Tree Equity." Earth and Space News. Wednesday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/07/july-tree-fund-avails-leveraging-data.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 June 2025. "John-Ashley Reese Avails Business of Arboriculture Safety from Scratch." Earth and Space News. Wednesday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/06/john-ashley-reese-avails-business-of.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 June 2025. "Rolando Orellana Adds Urban Irrigation Technology to Creciendo Arboles." Earth and Space News. Wednesday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/06/rolando-orellana-adds-urban-irrigation_18.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 June 2025. "Rolando Orellana Avails Creciendo Arboles Irrigation for Urban Trees." Earth and Space News. Wednesday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/06/rolando-orellana-avails-creciendo.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 June 2025. "Sharon Lilly and Alex Julius Author Tree Climbers’ Guide: Removal." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/06/sharon-lilly-and-alex-julius-author.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 24 May 2025. "Nick Oney Aces Fleet Management Solutions in Business of Arboriculture." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/05/nick-oney-aces-fleet-management.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 May 2025. "Patricia Robinson Aids Creciendo Arboles Identifying, Evaluating Risks." Earth and Space News. Wednesday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/05/patricia-robinson-aids-creciendo_14.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 11 May 2025. "Thiabendazole Acts on Beech Leaf, Dutch Elm, Sycamore Anthracnose." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/05/thiabendazole-acts-on-beech-leaf-dutch.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 10 May 2025. "Dr. Cadaval Aces Storm Collaboration and Preparedness for TREE Fund." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/05/dr-cadaval-aces-storm-collaboration-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 24 April 2025. "Chris Francis Aces Productive Work Force in Business of Arboriculture." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/04/chris-francis-aces-productive-work.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 April 2025. "Marge Daughtrey and Dan Gilrein Ace 2025 Landscape Pests for UMass UFT." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/04/marge-daughtrey-and-dan-gilrein-ace.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 April 2025. "Carolyn Mahan Aces IVM on Electric Transmission line ROW for TREE Fund." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/04/carolyn-mahan-aces-ivm-on-electric.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 April 2025. "Vicki Mendez Aids Creciendo Arboles Trees Affected by Invasive Species." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/04/vicki-mendez-aids-creciendo-arboles_9.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 5 April 2025. "Part Two to Tree Inventory BMP Avails Us a Successful Tree Inventory." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/04/part-two-to-tree-inventory-bmp-avails.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 March 2025. "Tree Care as Business Form Adds Tax Obligations, Deductions, Credits." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/03/tree-care-as-business-form-adds-tax.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 March 2025. "Hydraulic Conductivity Affects Plant and Root Water Potential." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/03/hydraulic-conductivity-affects-plant.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 March 2025. "Plant and Root Hydraulic Systems Act Together About Water Potential." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/03/plant-and-root-hydraulic-systems-act.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 March 2025. "Hurricane Wind Resistance Rating, Machine Learning and Tree Species." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/03/hurricane-wind-resistance-rating.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 8 March 2025. "Beau Brodbeck Avails Creciendo Arboles Construction-amiable Tree Care." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/03/beau-brodbeck-avails-creciendo-arboles.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 2 March 2025. "Matthew Searels and Jessie McClellan Apprise Brand and Sales Etiquette." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/03/matthew-searels-and-jessie-mcclellan.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 1 March 2025. "Soils Aid James Cassidy and EPA IPM Getting to the Root of the Problem." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/03/soils-aid-james-cassidy-and-epa-ipm.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 February 2025. "Arborist News February 2025 Airs Weathering the Storm by Warren Causey." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/02/arborist-news-february-2025-airs.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 4 January 2025. "How Are Two Magnolia, Two Maple Species’ Fine Roots After Waterlogging?" Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2025/01/how-are-two-magnolia-two-maple-species.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 December 2024. "December 2024 Arborist News Apprises Us of Tree Inventory BMP Part I." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/12/december-2024-arborist-news-apprises-us.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 November 2024. "Pruning Cuts Aid Codominant Stem Diameter Ratio, Exposed Wood, Appeal." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/11/pruning-cuts-aid-codominant-stem.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 6 October 2024. "Heartwood, Part I, Airs Biology, Formation, Identification, Importance." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/10/heartwood-part-i-airs-biology-formation.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 8 September 2024. "Conflict and Collaboration in Urban Forest Management Affect Each Other." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/09/conflict-and-collaboration-in-urban.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 4 August 2024. "Aged, Dead, Exotic Aid Taking an Ecosystem Approach to Tree Management" Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/08/aged-dead-exotic-aid-taking-ecosystem.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 July 2024. "What For Tree Workers Acts For and Against Professional Certification?" Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/07/what-for-tree-workers-acts-for-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 2 June 2024. "Tree Risk Assessment BMPs Address Target, Occupancy, Impact Likelihood." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/05/tree-root-architecture-acts-for.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 5 May 2024. "Tree Root Architecture Acts for Proactive Urban Green Space Design." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/05/tree-root-architecture-acts-for.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 April 2024. "Tree Risk Assessment Admits Best Management Practices Abbreviated BMPs." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/04/tree-risk-assessment-admits-best.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 3 March 2024. "Foliar Tissue Addresses Acer Heat Tolerance When Planning Urban Maples." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/03/foliar-tissue-addresses-acer-heat.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 4 February 2024. "Utility Tree Risk Asks About Target Strike, Then Tree Failure." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/02/utility-tree-risk-asks-about-target.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 January 2024. "System Failure From Ailing Water Transport Advises How Trees Grow Old." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/01/system-failure-from-ailing-water.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 6 January 2024. "Neighborhood-Scale Urban Forest Scenarios Aid Vancouver, Canada 2050." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2024/01/neighborhood-scale-urban-forest.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 2 December 2023. "Selection, Timing and Application Assure Shrub and Tree Fertilization." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/12/selection-timing-and-application-assure.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 4 November 2023. "Diverse, Ecoservicing, Resilient Urban Tree Trifecta Aid Dense Cities." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/11/diverse-ecoservicing-resilient-urban.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 October 2023. "Utility Tree Risk Assessment Applies to Trees, Targets and Site." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/10/utility-tree-risk-assessment-applies-to.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 2 September 2023. "Urban Forest Resilience Asks Species Diversity of Milwaukee Metropolitan Area." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/09/urban-forest-resilience-asks-species.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 5 August 2023. "Tree Roots with Secondary Thickening Are Tree Species Identifiers." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/08/tree-roots-with-secondary-thickening.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 July 2023. "Soil Decompaction and Soil Amendments Affect Urban Soil Quality." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/07/soil-decompaction-and-soil-amendments.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 24 June 2023. "Best Practices Affect Nonselective and Selective Root Pruning." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/06/best-practices-affect-nonselective-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 May 2023. "UAS and LIDAR Apply to Distribution Utility Vegetation Management." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/05/uas-and-lidar-apply-to-distribution.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 8 April 2023. "Trees and Construction – The Design Phase Aces Tree Preservation Zones." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/04/trees-and-construction-design-phase.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 11 March 2023. "Improved Model Estimates of Tree Debris Following Ice Storms Are Near." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/03/improved-model-estimates-of-tree-debris.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 February 2023. "Morgan Zabow, Jennifer First and TN Urban Forestry Council Assess UHI." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/02/morgan-zabow-jennifer-first-and-tn.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 February 2023. "Chris Graves Aced Winter Tree ID 2 at Tennessee Urban Forestry Council." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/02/chris-graves-aced-winter-tree-id-2-at.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 10 February 2023. "Theodore Eisenman Aired Tree Planting Initiatives as UMass Urban Forestry Today Webinar." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/02/theodore-eisenman-aired-tree-planting.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 4 February 2023. "Green and White Variegated Trees Awe Nursery Industry and Tree Biology." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/02/green-and-white-variegated-trees-awe.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 3 February 2023. "Chris Graves Aired Winter Tree ID for Tennessee Urban Forestry Council." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/02/chris-graves-aired-winter-tree-id-for.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 January 2023. "Kathryn Bronsky Adds Asian Longhorned Beetles to EPA IPM 2023 Webinars." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/01/kathryn-bronsky-adds-asian-longhorned.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 January 2023. "Jay Dampier Adds Tree Diagnostics as Urban Forestry Today 2023 Webinar." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/01/jay-dampier-adds-tree-diagnostics-as_75.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 January 2023. "Propiconazole Infusions and Injections Arrest Laurel Wilt in Sassafras." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/01/propiconazole-infusions-and-injections.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 31 December 2022. "How Tree Injections Are Administered Affects What They Achieve." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/12/how-tree-injections-are-administered.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 November 2022. "Climbing Line and Ascent Technique Affect Load Magnitude and Frequency." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/11/climbing-line-and-ascent-technique.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 October 2022. "Urban Forestry Around the Globe Assesses Private and Public Trees." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/10/urban-forestry-around-globe-assesses.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 2 October 2022. "Natural Enemies of Urban Landscape Pests Are Among Beneficial Insects." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/10/natural-enemies-of-urban-landscape.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 4 September 2022. "Urban Tree Canopy Placement Affects Summer Household Energy Savings." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/09/urban-tree-canopy-placement-affects.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 6 August 2022. "Five Common, Important Decay Fungi Afflict Urban Trees." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/08/five-common-important-decay-fungi.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 23 July 2022. "Electrical and Mechanical Failures Arise From Utility Tree Failures." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/07/electrical-and-mechanical-failures.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 25 June 2022. "Cabling and Bracing Support Systems Address Tree Defects and Stresses." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/06/cabling-and-bracing-support-systems.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 May 2022. "Biochar Soil Amendments Advance Soil Quality and Tree Survival." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/03/remote-sensing-of-urban-forests-assures.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 April 2022. "Rapid Urban Site Index Allows Urban Forest and Tree Soil Assessments." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/04/rapid-urban-site-index-allows-urban.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 March 2022. "Remote Sensing of Urban Forests Assures Modern Urban Forestry a Future." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/03/remote-sensing-of-urban-forests-assures.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 February 2022. "Sonic Tomography Adds Internal Defects to Level 3 Tree Risk Assessment." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/02/sonic-tomography-adds-internal-defects.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 January 2022. "Private Tree Regulations Attempt to Avert Private Tree Canopy Loss." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/01/private-tree-regulations-attempt-to.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 January 2022. "Best Management Practices Advance Urban Tree Care and Urban Wildlife." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/01/best-management-practices-advance-urban.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 December 2021. "Integrated Vegetation Management Applies Balanced Control Methods." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/12/integrated-vegetation-management.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 November 2021. "Leafy, Woody Canopies and Diverse Species Augur Resilient Urban Trees." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/11/leafy-woody-canopies-and-diverse.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 October 2021. "Careful Selection, Planting and Post-Planting Assist Tree Longevity." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/10/careful-selection-planting-and-post.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 25 September 2021. "Energy Gain and Water Use Abet Radial Growth of Irrigated Urban Trees." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/09/energy-gain-and-water-use-abet-radial.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 August 2021. "Soil Assessments Address Low or Affirm High Quality of Urban Soils." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/08/soil-assessments-address-low-or-affirm.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 August 2021. "Lindsey Purcell Aired Late Season Pruning Impacts as TreeStuff Webinar." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/08/lindsey-purcell-aired-late-season.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 25 July 2021. "Soil, Roots, Leaves, Dormant Buds Affect Stressed Eucalypt Seedlings." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/07/soil-roots-leaves-dormant-buds-affect.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 July 2021. "Nick Araya of TreeCareLA Addressed Palm Pruning as TreeStuff Webinar." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/07/nick-araya-of-treecarela-addressed-palm.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 June 2021. "Native Wood-Borers Alarm Ornamental Landscape and Urban Forest Natives." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/06/native-wood-borers-alarm-ornamental.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 May 2021. "Structural Pruning of Callery Pear Adds Nothing to Branch Union Strength." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/05/structural-pruning-adds-no-branch-union.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 25 April 2021. "Stationary Rope Systems (SRS) Annul Friction by Ascents and Redirects." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/04/stationary-rope-systems-srs-annul.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 21 March 2021. "Inducing Agents and Synthetic Fungicides Axe Leaf Blotch and Pear Scab." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/03/inducing-agents-and-synthetic.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 20 March 2021. "Shem Kendrick Added Modern At-Home Bonsai to TreeStuff Webinar Series." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/03/shem-kendrick-added-modern-at-home.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 February 2021. "Stationary Rope Systems (SRS) Allow Anchors, Ascent and Work Equipment." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/02/stationary-rope-systems-srs-allow.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 31 January 2021. "Street and Park Tree Inventories Since 1902 Assess Trees in Ithaca, NY." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/01/street-and-park-tree-inventories-since.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 December 2020. "Tree Defect Identification During Tree Inspections Averts Tree Failure." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/12/tree-defect-identification-during-tree.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 November 2020. "Reduction Pruning Utility Trees Affects CODIT and Epicormic Branches." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/11/reduction-pruning-utility-trees-affects.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 31 October 2020. "Arboricultural Operation Safety Standards Avert Adverse Events." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/10/arboricultural-operation-safety.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 September 2020. "Root-Stem Transition Zones Aim Loading Forces Through Roots and Soils." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/09/root-stem-transition-zones-aim-loading.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 August 2020. "Arboricultural Operation Safety Standards Are Country-Specific." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/08/arboricultural-operation-safety.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 July 2020. "Sensitivity Analyses Admit Ecosystem Disservice and Ecosystem Service." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/07/sensitivity-analyses-admit-ecosystem.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 June 2020. "Lignotubers Assure Arboricultural Management of Lignotuberous Shoots." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/06/lignotubers-assure-arboricultural.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 31 May 2020. "Included Bark Ages Safely With Fused, Entwining Natural Braces ." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/05/included-bark-ages-safely-with-fused.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 May 2020. "Trent Dicks Alerted TreeStuff Webinar Attendees to Spotted Lanternfly." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/05/trent-dicks-alerted-treestuff-webinar.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 April 2020. "Canker Identification and Canker Management Apply to Landscape Trees." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/04/canker-identification-and-canker.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 March 2020. "Arboricultural Operation Safety Training Averts Hazardous Incidents." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/03/arboricultural-operation-safety.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 February 2020. "Boundary-Spanning Collective Action Assuages Wildfire Risk in the West." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/02/boundary-spanning-collective-action.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 23 February 2020. "Biochar Applications Are Best With Compost and Fertilizer Applications." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/02/biochar-applications-are-best-with.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 January 2020. "Fungicide Injections Affect Dutch Elm Disease and Internal Decay." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/01/fungicide-injections-affect-dutch-elm.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 December 2019. "Pruning Cuts Applied Ably, Appropriately Are Best Management Practices." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/12/pruning-cuts-applied-ably-appropriately.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 November 2019. "Structural Growing Media and Supported Pavement Affect Tree Responses." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/11/structural-growing-media-and-supported.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 October 2019. "Tree Pruning Systems Answer to Best Management Practices." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/10/tree-pruning-systems-answer-to-best.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 September 2019. "Southeastern Street Tree Arthropod Pests Are Online Survey Subjects." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/09/southeastern-street-tree-arthropod.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 25 August 2019. "Cost Approach Approximates Plant Repair, Replacement or Restoration." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/08/cost-approach-approximates-plant-repair.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 July 2019. "Indirect Watering Devices Are There for Newly Transplanted Urban Trees." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/07/indirect-watering-devices-are-there-for.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 June 2019. "Plant Appraisal Data Collection Allies Off-Site and On-Site Research." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/06/plant-appraisal-data-collection-allies.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 May 2019. "Wire Basket Removal or Wire Basket Retention: Girdling or Stable Roots." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/05/wire-basket-removal-or-wire-basket.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 April 2019. "Woody Plant Appraisal Data Collection for Shrubs, Trees and Vines." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/04/woody-plant-appraisal-data-collection.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 March 2019. "Balancing Roadside Tree Benefits and Risk of Streetscape Tree Crashes." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/03/balancing-roadside-tree-benefits-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 February 2019. “Plant Appraisal Estimate, Scope, Data, Analysis, Reconciliation, Report.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/02/plant-appraisal-estimate-scope-data.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 January 2019. “Urban Tree Vulnerability in Residential Toronto, Ontario, Canada.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/01/urban-tree-vulnerability-in-residential.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 December 2018. "Plant Appraisal: Cost and Value Estimates and Economic Principles." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/12/plant-appraisal-cost-and-value.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 23 December 2018. "Six-Year Forest Health Ambassador Program of Oakville, Ontario, Canada." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/12/six-year-forest-health-ambassador.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 21 October 2018. "Nursery Production Systems: Tough Urban Landscape Trees on Rough Sites." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/10/nursery-production-systems-tough-urban.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 September 2018. "Induced-Resistance Agents, Silicon Fertilizers, Synthetic Fungicides." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/09/induced-resistance-agents-silicon.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 August 2018. "Nursery Production Systems for Successful Urban Tree Plantings." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/08/nursery-production-systems-for.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 July 2018. "Tree Roots Branch in Fabric Containers But Circle and Girdle Plastic." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/07/tree-roots-branch-in-fabric-containers.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 June 2018. "Wood Decay Fungi Management of Terminal Urban Pathogens." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/06/wood-decay-fungi-management-of-terminal.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 May 2018. "Downtown Commercial Streetscape Tree Populations in Toronto, Canada." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/05/downtown-commercial-streetscape-tree.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 April 2018. “Mushroom-Forming and Non-Mushroom-Forming Fungal Life Cycle Traits.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/04/mushroom-forming-and-non-mushroom.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 March 2018. “Emerald Ash Borer Rapid Response Community Preparedness Project.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/03/emerald-ash-borer-rapid-response.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 February 2018. “Tree Retention by Arborists for Wildlife Habitat Friendly Tree Care.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/02/tree-retention-by-arborists-for.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 January 2018. “Integrated Vegetation Management Study in North and South Yukon, Canada.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/01/integrated-vegetation-management-study.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 December 2017. “Tree Inventories: Preemptive and Proactive or Piecemeal and Reactive.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/12/tree-inventories-preemptive-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 25 November 2017. “Chlorantraniliprole Reduced-Risk Insecticides Get Leaf-Eaters Not Bees.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/11/chlorantraniliprole-reduced-risk.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 October 2017. “Palm Plant Health Care: Abiotic, Biotic Stress Culture and Management.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/10/palm-plant-health-care-abiotic-biotic.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 September 2017. “Predawn Leaf Water Potentials Indicate Crown Dieback and Water Status.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/09/predawn-leaf-water-potentials-indicate.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 August 2017. “Palm Tree Identification and Pruning of Native and Naturalizable Palms.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/08/palm-tree-identification-and-pruning-of.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 July 2017. “Commonly Planted, Potentially Phytoremediating Street Tree Species.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/07/commonly-planted-potentially.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 June 2017. “Root Loss From Root Pruning and Root Shaving of Stem-Girdling Roots.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/06/root-loss-from-root-pruning-and-root.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 May 2017. “Age and Canopy Area Cost Less and Tell More in Urban Tree Inventories.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/05/age-and-canopy-area-cost-less-and-tell.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 April 2017. “Urban Root Management: Big Infrastructure, Small Space, Stressed Roots.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/04/urban-root-management-big.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 March 2017. “Flexural Elasticity Modulus: Trees and Watersprouts Bend or Break.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/03/flexural-elasticity-modulus-trees-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 February 2017. “Plant Health Care Diagnostics When Plants and Places Wrong One Another.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/02/plant-health-care-diagnostics-when.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 January 2017. “Tree Fertilization for Fine Root Growth and Whole Root System Effects.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/01/tree-fertilization-for-fine-root-growth.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 December 2016. “Abiotic and Biotic Stress in Low Maintenance Tree Health Care Programs.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/12/abiotic-and-biotic-stress-in-low.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 November 2016. “Organic Amendments to Compacted Degraded Urban Highway Roadsides.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/11/organic-amendments-to-compacted.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 October 2016. “Tree Protection Zones by Arborists for All Construction Project Phases.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/10/tree-protection-zones-by-arborists-for.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 September 2016. “Stormwater Runoff Landscaping With Urban Canopy Cover and Groundcover.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/09/stormwater-runoff-landscaping-with.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 August 2016. “Changing Places: Tree Nutrient Movement Down, Tree Water Movement Up.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/08/changing-places-tree-nutrient-movement.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 July 2016. “Treated or Untreated Oriental Bittersweet Vine Management Cut-Stumping.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/07/treated-or-untreated-oriental.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 June 2016. “Tree Injection Site Procedures: Manufacturer's Instructions and Labels.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/06/tree-injection-site-procedures.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 May 2016. “Electrical Utility Area Temperate Urban Street Trees: Pruned Regrowth.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/05/electrical-utility-area-temperate-urban.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 April 2016. “Tree Injection Methods: Treatment Option in Integrated Pest Management.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/04/tree-injection-methods-treatment-option.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 6 March 2016. “Bare-Rooted Ornamental Urban Transplants: Amendments Against Mortality.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/03/bare-rooted-ornamental-urban.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 February 2016. “Bark Protective Survival Mechanisms Foil Deprivation, Injury, Invasion.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/02/bark-protective-survival-mechanisms.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 23 January 2016. "LITA Model: Linear Index of Tree Appraisal of Large Urban Swedish Trees." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/01/lita-model-linear-index-of-tree.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 December 2015. “Tree Lightning Protection Systems: Site, Soil, Species True Designs.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/12/tree-lightning-protection-systems-site.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 24 October 2015. “Tree Lightning Protection Systems Tailored to Sites, Soils, Species.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/10/tree-lightning-protection-systems.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 August 2015. “Tree Friendly Urban Soil Management: Amend, Fertilize, Mulch, Till!” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/08/tree-friendly-urban-soil-management.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 June 2015. “Tree Friendly Urban Soil Management: Assemble, Assess, Assist, Astound.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/06/tree-friendly-urban-soil-management.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 April 2015. “Tree Wound Responses: Healthy Wound Closures by Callus and Woundwood.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/04/tree-wound-responses-healthy-wound.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 February 2015. “Urban Forest Maintenance and Non-Maintenance Costs and Benefits.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/02/urban-forest-maintenance-and-non.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 December 2014. “Tree Dwelling Symbionts: Dodder, Lichen, Mistletoe, Moss and Woe-Vine.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/12/tree-dwelling-symbionts-dodder-lichen.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 October 2014. “Tree Cable Installation Systems Lessen Target Impact From Tree Failure.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/10/tree-cable-installation-systems-lessen.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 August 2014. “Flood Tolerant Trees in Worst-Case Floodplain and Urbanized Scenarios.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/08/flood-tolerant-trees-in-worst-case.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 June 2014. “Integrated Vegetation Management of Plants in Utility Rights-of-Way.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/06/integrated-vegetation-management-of.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 April 2014. “Tree Twig Identification: Buds, Bundle Scars, Leaf Drops, Leaf Scars.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/04/tree-twig-identification-buds-bundle.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 February 2014. “Tree Twig Anatomy: Ecosystem Stress, Growth Rates, Winter Identification.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/02/tree-twig-anatomy-ecosystem-stress.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 December 2013. “Community and Tree Safety Awareness During Line- and Road-Clearances.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/12/community-and-tree-safety-awareness.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 October 2013. “Chain-Saw Gear and Tree Work Related Personal Protective Equipment.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/10/chain-saw-gear-and-tree-work-related.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 October 2013. “Storm Damaged Tree Clearances: Matched Teamwork of People to Equipment.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/10/storm-damaged-tree-clearances-matched.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 August 2013. “Storm Induced Tree Damage Assessments: Pre-Storm Planned Preparedness.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/08/storm-induced-tree-damage-assessments.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 June 2013. “Storm Induced Tree Failures From Heavy Tree Weights and Weather Loads.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/06/storm-induced-tree-failures-from-heavy.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 April 2013. “Urban Tree Root Management Concerns: Defects, Digs, Dirt, Disturbance.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/04/urban-tree-root-management-concerns.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 February 2013. “Tree Friendly Beneficial Soil Microbes: Inoculations and Occurrences.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/02/tree-friendly-beneficial-soil-microbes.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 December 2012. “Healthy Urban Tree Root Crown Balances: Soil Properties, Soil Volumes.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/12/healthy-urban-tree-root-crown-balances.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 October 2012. “Tree Adaptive Growth: Tree Risk Assessment of Tree Failure, Tree Strength.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/10/tree-adaptive-growth-tree-risk.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 11 August 2012. “Tree Risk Assessment Mitigation Reports: Tree Removal, Tree Retention?” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/08/tree-risk-assessment-mitigation-reports.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 June 2012. “Internally Stressed, Response Growing, Wind Loaded Tree Strength.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/06/internally-stressed-response-growing.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 April 2012. “Three Tree Risk Assessment Levels: Limited Visual, Basic and Advanced.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/04/three-tree-risk-assessment-levels.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 February 2012. “Qualitative Tree Risk Assessment: Risk Ratings for Targets and Trees.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/02/qualitative-tree-risk-assessment-risk.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 February 2012. “Qualitative Tree Risk Assessment: Falling Trees Impacting Targets.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/02/qualitative-tree-risk-assessment.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 10 December 2011. “Tree Risk Assessment: Tree Failures From Defects and From Wind Loads.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/12/tree-risk-assessment-tree-failures-from.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 October 2011. “Five Tree Felling Plan Steps for Successful Removals and Worker Safety.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/10/five-tree-felling-plan-steps-for.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 August 2011. “Natives and Non-Natives as Successfully Urbanized Plant Species.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/08/natives-and-non-natives-as-successfully.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 11 June 2011. “Tree Ring Patterns for Ecosystem Ages, Dates, Health and Stress.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/06/tree-ring-patterns-for-ecosystem-ages.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 April 2011. “Benignly Ugly Tree Disorders: Oak Galls, Powdery Mildew, Sooty Mold, Tar Spot.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/04/benignly-ugly-tree-disorders-oak-galls.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 February 2011. “Tree Load Can Turn Tree Health Into Tree Failure or Tree Fatigue.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/02/tree-load-can-turn-tree-health-into.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 December 2010. “Tree Electrical Safety Knowledge, Precautions, Risks and Standards.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2010/12/tree-electrical-safety-knowledge.html