Summary: No niuhi tiger shark leiomano arms Number One With a Bullet, season 5 episode 3 on action drama television series Magnum PI Sunday, Feb. 26, 2023.
Ancient Hawaiian warriors acted aggressuively, audaciously with their niuhi tiger shark leiomano (from Hawaiian lei, "garland, [feather, flower, ivory, leaf, paper, shell] necklace, wreath"; o, "of; and mano, "shark"); Monday, Sep. 6, 2004, 13:05, image of "closeup of the teeth of the tiger shark, showing the serrated edges": Stefan Kühn, CC BY SA 3.0 Unported, via Wikimedia Commons |
No niuhi tiger shark leiomano arms Number One With a Bullet, appearing Sunday, Feb. 26, 2023, as third fifth-season episode on action drama television series Magnum PI for NBC 2022-2023 television season.
The 79th episode overall, directed by Eagle Egilsson and written by David Wolkove, broaches how many times Captain Buck Greene (James Remar) betrayed men beneath him. Helicopter tour owner/operator Theodore Calvin (Stephen Hill) and Private Investigator Thomas Magnum (Jay Hernandez) consider La Mariana bar owner/operator Rick Wright (Zachary Knighton) number-one “good-guy” gunner. Hawaii King Kamehameha I (1758?-May 8, 1819), with John Young (1742?-Dec. 17, 1835), number one with cannons and muskets, defeated Oahu King Kalanikupule (1760-1795) May 1795.
Tiger shark leiomano (from Hawaiian lei, "garland, [feather, flower, ivory, leaf, paper, shell] necklace, wreath"; o, "of; mano, "shark") clubs anciently ensured Battle of Nuuanu-type outcomes.
Ping pong-like paddles featured koa wood (Acacia koa) with edges figuring grooves for sewn-in teeth and handle tips fitted with marlin (a’u, Istiophoriformes family) bill daggers.
The Chondrichthyes (from Greek χόνδρος, "cartilage" and ἰχθύς, "fish") cartilaginous-skeletoned fish class, Carcharhiniformes (from Greek καρχαρίας, "shark" via Latin carchărus; from Latin -īnus, "of, pertaining to" and -fōrmis, "-shaped") ground-shark order and Carcharhinidae (from Greek καρχαρίας, "shark" via Latin carchărus; from Latin -īnus, "of, pertaining to"; from Greek -ειδής, "-like" via Latin -idæ) requiem-shark family member admits to temperate and tropical distributions. Female and male, immature and mature tiger sharks adopt coastal and deep-water, reef-lining, warm-current ranges around North and South America, from the mid-United States through Latin America just above the latter's Antarctic-ward tip. They advance around Saharan and eastern Africa, off the Sinai Peninsula and around India. They agglomerate from coastal South and Southeast Asia southward around all but southern Australia and eastward through Indonesia and the Philippines. The ocean waters off the Hawaiian archipelago agrees with them; Cypron Map Series Range Map of Tiger Shark (Galeocerdo cuvier): The Emirr/MapLab, CC BY SA 3.0 Unported, via Wikimedia Commons |
Ping pong-like paddles featured koa wood (Acacia koa) with edges figuring grooves for sewn-in teeth and handle tips fitted with marlin (a’u, Istiophoriformes family) bill daggers.
Niuhi tiger shark leiomano club-wielding chiefs debilitatingly or fatally gashed and gored the arteries, muscles, organs and skin, and sometimes even the bones, of their enemies. Perhaps the most hailed niuhi tiger shark leiomano club-handling happened with Kaleone, Kapukoa, Kauhi, Makaioulu, Pahua, Pinau, Puakea and Pupuka, warriors honored as the Oahu Eight. The Apuakehau heiau area inspired innumerable casualties inflicted in 1783 by the Oahu Eight against the invading forces of Maui King Kahekili against Oahu King Kahahana.
Niuhi tiger shark leiomano, unlike Number One With a Bullet on Magnum PI, jubilate native Hawaiian koa, marlins (Kajikia, Makaira, Tetrapturus) and tiger sharks (Galeocerdo cuvier).
Coastal sea-grass, 8.2- to 475.72- to maximum 1,148.29-foot- (2.5- to 145- to maximum 350-meter-) deep ecosystems, along with harbors and river estuaries, kindle tiger shark populations.
Ancient Hawaiian warriors aimed for aggressive, audacious assaults with their ping pong-like paddles whose marlin handles and tiger-shark teeth so alarmed their antagonists. Ancient Hawaiian culture and society only allowed their alii (from Hawaiian ali'i via ali, "clarity" and 'i, "supreme") chiefs this artery-, bone-, muscle-, skin-amputating arm; Thursday, Sep. 6, 2007, 14:04, image of leiomano (lei o manō, "shark's lei"), paddle-shaped weapon inset with tiger shark teeth: Brocken Inaglory, CC BY SA 3.0 Unported, via Wikimedia Commons |
Coastal sea-grass, 8.2- to 475.72- to maximum 1,148.29-foot- (2.5- to 145- to maximum 350-meter-) deep ecosystems, along with harbors and river estuaries, kindle tiger shark populations.
Mature 129.92- to 135.83-inch- (330- to 345-centimeter-) long female and 114.96-inch- (292-centimeter-) long male tiger sharks log breeding seasons, from November through May, every three years. Sixteen-month gestations from mating seasons from November and from March onward mean manifesting 10- to 80-pup litters the following February through March and May through June. Tiger shark newborns net 6.61- to 13.23-pound (3- to 6-kilogram) weights and nudge themselves almost immediately into independent lifestyles that necessitate no parental feeding or sheltering.
Physically and sexually mature 7-year-old males and 8-year-old females, unlike Number One With a Bullet on Magnum PI, offer niuhi tiger shark leiomano clubs 48 teeth.
Seventeen- to 20-year captive, 27- to 50-year wild lifespans provide female and male, immature and mature tiger sharks with birds, crustaceans, dugongs, mollusks and sea turtles.
Seventeen- to 20-year captive, 27- to 50-year wild lifespans provide female and male, immature and mature tiger sharks with birds, crustaceans, dugongs, mollusks and sea turtles.
Female and male juvenile tiger sharks quarter namesake tiger-like strips until physical and sexual maturity queues their blue or green bodies with white or white-yellow underbellies. Mature females and males reveal big, blunt noses; bone- and shell-cracking, flesh-tearing, serrated teeth; caudal fins longer on their topsides than their bottomsides; and wedge-shaped heads. They score 848.78- to 1,399.94-pound (385- to 635-kilogram) weights even as female and male tiger sharks respectively score average 9.58-foot (2.92-meter) and 10.49-foot (3.2-meter) body lengths.
No talent with niuhi tiger shark leiomano clubs triggers the terror that thrives through any time transpiring around Number One With a Bullet on Magnum PI.
Acknowledgment
My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.
Image credits:
Image credits:
Ancient Hawaiian warriors acted aggressuively, audaciously with their niuhi tiger shark leiomano (from Hawaiian lei, "garland, [feather, flower, ivory, leaf, paper, shell] necklace, wreath"; o, "of; and mano, "shark"); Monday, Sep. 6, 2004, 13:05, image of "closeup of the teeth of the tiger shark, showing the serrated edges": Stefan Kühn, CC BY SA 3.0 Unported, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tiger_shark_teeth.jpg
The Chondrichthyes (from Greek χόνδρος, "cartilage" and ἰχθύς, "fish") cartilaginous-skeletoned fish class, Carcharhiniformes (from Greek καρχαρίας, "shark" via Latin carchărus; from Latin -īnus, "of, pertaining to" and -fōrmis, "-shaped") ground-shark order and Carcharhinidae (from Greek καρχαρίας, "shark" via Latin carchărus; from Latin -īnus, "of, pertaining to"; from Greek -ειδής, "-like" via Latin -idæ) requiem-shark family member admits to temperate and tropical distributions. Female and male, immature and mature tiger sharks adopt coastal and deep-water, reef-lining, warm-current ranges around North and South America, from the mid-United States through Latin America just above the latter's Antarctic-ward tip. They advance around Saharan and eastern Africa, off the Sinai Peninsula and around India. They agglomerate from coastal South and Southeast Asia southward around all but southern Australia and eastward through Indonesia and the Philippines. The ocean waters off the Hawaiian archipelago agrees with them; Cypron Map Series Range Map of Tiger Shark (Galeocerdo cuvier): The Emirr/MapLab, CC BY SA 3.0 Unported, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cypron-Range_Galeocerdo_cuvier.svg
Ancient Hawaiian warriors aimed for aggressive, audacious assaults with their ping pong-like paddles whose marlin handles and tiger-shark teeth so alarmed their antagonists. Ancient Hawaiian culture and society only allowed their alii (from Hawaiian ali'i via ali, "clarity" and 'i, "supreme") chiefs this artery-, bone-, muscle-, skin-amputating arm; Thursday, Sep. 6, 2007, 14:04, image of leiomano (lei o manō, "shark's lei"), paddle-shaped weapon inset with tiger shark teeth: Brocken Inaglory, CC BY SA 3.0 Unported, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tiger_shark_teeth_art_item.jpg
François Auguste Péron (Aug. 22, 1775-Dec. 14, 1810) and Charles Alexandre Lesueur (Jan. 1, 1778-Dec. 12, 1846) in 1822 scientifically, taxonomically analyzed Galeocerdo cuvier (from Greek γαλεός, "shark" and κερδώ, "fox"; for Georges Cuvier [Jean Léopold Nicolas Frédéric, Baron Cuvier, Aug. 23, 1769-May 13, 1832]). They announced, in their article "Read Nov. 5, 1822" to their audience in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, at the Academy of Natural Sciences, specimen shapes and sizes, such as of the medicine- and trophy-attractive fins, oil and teeth. They avowed that "The liver yielded four barrels of oil of about 32 gallons [121.13 liters] each" (page 344); ca. 1966 image taken at Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, Coconut Island, Kāneʻohe Bay, by Dr. James P. McVey, NOAA Sea Grant Program, shows 14-foot, 1200-pound tiger shark caught in Kāneʻohe Bay, northeastern coastal O'ahu: Public Domain, via NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) Photo Library @ https://photolib.noaa.gov/Collections/Fisheries/Other/emodule/1054/eitem/65182; Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tiger_shark,_Hawaii_Aii.jpg
Thomas Sullivan Magnum (Jay Hernandez), M.E. (Medical Examiner tech Gabriel Santos (Michael deLara) and deceased Captain Buck Greene (James Remar) in Number One With a Bullet, season 5 episode 3 of NBC action drama television series Magnum P.I.: Magnum PI Headquarters @magnumpihq, via Twitter Feb. 24, 2023, @ https://twitter.com/magnumpihq/status/1629253580971491330
For further information:
For further information:
Carvalho, Marcelo. 2003. "Tiger shark Galeocerdo cuvier." Pags 121-122. In: Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia. Second Edition. Volume 4, Fishes I. Edited by Michael Hutchins, Dennis A. Thoney, Paul V. Loiselle and Neil Schlager. Farmington Hills MI: Gale Group.
Draper, Kyah. 2011. "Galeocerdo cuvier Leopard shark (Also: Tiger Shark)." (On-line) Animal Diversity Web. Ann Arbor MI: University of Michigan Museum of Zoology.
Available @ https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Galeocerdo_cuvier/
Available @ https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Galeocerdo_cuvier/
Ferreira, L.C.; and C. Simpfendorfer. 2019. "Tiger Shark Galeocerdo cuvier." IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T39378A2913541. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T39378A2913541.en
Available @ https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/39378/2913541
Available @ https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/39378/2913541
Lesueur, C.A. 5 November 1822. "Description of a Squalus, of a very large size, which was taken on the coast of New-Jersey. Read Nov. 5, 1822." Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 2:343–352.
"During the two or three last weeks, an enormous cartilaginous fish of the family of the Squali has been publicly exhibited in this city, under the deceptive name of 'Leviathian or Wonderful Sea Serpent;' and in order the more effectually to attract the attention of the multitude, the long appendixes which generally distinguish the male, and which accompany the ventral fins, were declared to be feet. This individual is analogous to several others of its proper genus, which, on the 21st of November, 1810, were enclosed by some fishermen's nets on the coast of Normandy, and which were afterwards taken to Dieppe for sale. The largest of these, which measured 29 feet 4 inches in length, and 16 feet in cir- (page 343) cumference at the base of the dorsal fin, was transported entire to Paris, where it was carefully examined by Mr. Blainville, who published a detailed account of it in the Annales du Museum to. 18, p. 88, pl. 6, fig. 1.
"The individual now exhibiting, having appeared on the coast of New-Jersey nearly at the same season that the reputed 'Sea Serpent' was introduced to the attention of the public, the preceding year, it was believed to be no other than the same animal.
"The anticipation of a lucrative exhibition of this animal, animated the courage of many of the inhabitants of the coast, and determined them to attempt its capture. Armed with muskets and harpoons, they attacked the animal at 7 o'clock in the evening, and continued their efforts to subdue it until the following morning, when, having received numerous balls and harpoon wounds, it finally grounded upon the shore of Brown's point, when it became evident that they had been contending, not with an enormous serpent, but with a gigantic shark.
"The liver yielded four barrels of oil, of about 32 gallons each. The skin, already injured by the numerous wounds, was still further mutilated in several parts in separating it from the body; it was, however, at length, extended upon a frame, which imitated the form of the animal, though the attitude is forced, the branchial openings too widely extended, the head too much elevated, and the mouth so much expanded as to admit a man in a sitting posture. (page 344) Notwithstanding these inaccuracies however, much credit is due to the individual who prepared this skin, as it presents a good idea of the form and magnitude of this elephant shark.
"The following description and remarks were made of the animal in the state above described:
"Body fusciform, more elongated towards the tail than the S. Peregrinus, described by Mr. Blainville, Ann. du Mus. d'Hist. Nat. tom. 18, p. 88, tab. 6, fig. t.
"Total length, when recent 32 feet 10 inches, circumference 18 feet -- of the dried skin 22 feet, and 9 feet 7 inches and 4 lines in circumference.
"Skin rude to the touch, particularly on passing the hand forward, being covered with numerous small, horny, somewhat curved points, of the length of about one-third of a line. These small points are assembled in groups so as to form numerous undulated abbreviated bands, united at their extremities and again dividing; their breadth, on the middle of the body, is about two lines, and they give to the whole surface the appearance of being wrinkled; these bands or wrinkles are transverse on the whole body from the termination of the branchial openings to the posterior extremity of the caudal carina, where they disappear; on the head, throat, and behind the spiracle they are longitudinal, upon the branchial lamina and above the pectoral fins they become oblique, on the latter their direction complies with the movement of the articulation of the fins; all the fins are (page 345)
"destitute of wrinkles, the appendices which accompany the ventral fins are rugose and transversely wrinkled on their superior part, and longitudinally wrinkled on the middle; these wrinkles are more profound than those of the skin of the body. Head very small; rostrum very short, obtuse, glabrous, covered with mucous pores of different sizes, the largest ciliated at their interior circumference and placed before the eye, the middle sized ones irregularly disposed, covering the upper part and sides of the rostrum, the small ones are arranged on a line which passes above the eyes and is prolonged in front of the rostrum; eyes, these being replaced by a hollow hemisphere of glass filled with plaister, with a round black spot in the middle, I was unable to ascertain their true form and dimensions; they are at the distance of about 6½ inches from the tip of the rostrum, and very near to the margin of the superior lip; nostrils placed before the eyes and beneath the rostrum, but having been distended with cylinders of wood, their form cannot be determined; spiracles very small, placed above and a little behind the angle of the jaw, each corresponding with a long interior opening in the mouth between the superior jaw and the first branchial opening; branchial apertures, five on each side, the anterior ones the largest, extending from the superior part of the neck to the under part of the breast, where they appear confluent with those of the opposite side, the posterior opening smallest; the space between the first pair on the upper part of (page 346)
"the neck is 3 inches and 4 lines, that between the fifth pair is about 2 feet 18 lines; mouth very large, 1 foot 7 inches between the angle, and 2 feet 10 inches from the tip of the inferior jaw to a central point between the nostrils; the jaws armed with teeth of different forms, those of the superior jaw occupying, on each side, a space of 1 foot and 6 inches in length by more than one inch in width, and the armed space of the inferior jaw on each side is 1 foot 8½ inches long by 1 inch wide; teeth generally curved and turned inwards towards the throat, their sides slightly edged, without any appearance of distinct and regular serratures; some small rugosities, only, are percerptible on the edge; on the superior jaw they are subconic at the anterior extremity and at the angle of the mouth, both of which are smaller by one-third than those which occupy the intermediate space, and have but a single point to each, which in the greatest number is flattened and truncated; the four or five last ranges at the angles of the mouth are flattened, subtriangular, and recline upon each other to the number of four or five ranges; the intermediate teeth are larger, of the length of about 4 lines, by 3 lines in width at their bases, they are subtrianglar, with one or two grooves on their exterior face, which indicate the union of three points of which they appear to be composed, two of these points are united, and the other is often detached, and very distinct, presenting a bifid appearance, some of the teeth exhibit three points, but these are rare; on the inferior (page 347)
"jaw the teeth are rather larger than those of the superior jaw; towards the anterior extremity and near the angle of the jaw they are a little elongated and lanceolate, less conic but somewhat more compressed; the intermediate ones are bifid and substrifid, those of the anterior extremity are sensibly emarginate; these teeth are not implanted deeply in the skin, and are disposed in 7 or 8 distinct ranges in the middle, the younger ones being on the interior range; fins eight; first dorsal triangular, a little emarginated, extended to a point, detached posteriorly, and placed equidistant. Between the base of the caudal fin and the top of the rostrum, its height is 2 feet 8 or 10 inches, length 2 feet 10 inches, including the posterior pointed lobe which is 8½ inches long; second dorsal very small, subtriangular, with a posterior lobe detached at tip, its height is 8½ inches and total length 17 inches, it is placed before the line of the anal fin, and at the distance of 3 feet 3½ inches from the base of the caudal; pectorals large, placed immediately behind the fifth branchial aperture, at the inferior part of the body, their extremity surpassing a little the base of the first dorsal, they are strong anteriorly, and flexible posteriorly, of the length of 4 feet 1 inch, and 2 feet 1 inch and 8 lines in width; ventrals subtriangular, nearly inermediate between the first and second dorsals, anteriorly flexible, and of the length of 1 foot 5 or 6 inches, by 2 feet and 2 inches in width; the two organs, or large, subcylindric appendages which are attached to them are pro- (page 348)
"foundly striated, on their superior portion of thse striæ are transverse and very rugose, on their middle portion they are oblique, and towards the extremity they have a longitudinal direction and are rugose; these appendices are at present of the length of 2 feet 8 inches, but having been detached from the animal, and in order to skin and prepare them, and again adjusted in their proper situation, their form seems to have been entirely lost, a large groove, however, and two small appendices are still recognisable; anal subtriangular, with a detached pointed lobe behind, placed behind the second dorsal, its length is 1 foot 3 or 4 inches, and height 7 inches 6 lines; tail 3 feet 3 inches long from the base of the second dorsal to the base of the caudal fin, at which latter point I did not perceive any indentation like those which exist in the Squalus peregrinus of Blainville (Ann. du Mus.) and in many other species, as well as in some that we observed on the coast of New Holland; possibly this character may have existed in the animal under consideration, and their absence may be attributable to dessication; caudal fin large, straight, elevated, falciform, of the length of 5 feet from the extremity of one lobe to that of the other; superior lobe 4 feet 3 inches and 6 lines long, inclusive of the small triangular lobe at its extremity of 8 inches 6 lines; inferior lobe short and wide; on each side of the tail is a carina of about 1 foot 6 inches or 2 feet long, which crosses the base of the caudal fin.
"From this description of the dried skin of this gi- (page 349)
"gantic species, it is easy to perceive the relations of its form to other species which attain to an equal magnitude, such as the S. Gunnerianus, S.Homianus and S. Peregrinus. But it is with the latter and particularly with the individual captured on the coast of Nordmandy that our species is most closely allied. It resembles it in the form and number of the fins and the vast openings of the branchia; but the form of its teeth are totally different, those of the S. Pelegrinus being conic, whilst those of our species are more compressed than conic. I, therefore, propose to distinguish it by the following name and characters:
"SQUALUS * ELEPHAS.
"Teeth very small, numerous, curved, bicanaliculate, bifid, in the middle of the series compressed, at the extemities of the series subconic, pointed; spiracles very small; branchial openings very large, the anterior one originating on the upper part of the neck; body very large, lead colour, darker on the back and paler on the belly; second dorsal almost equal in size to the anal, and placed anterior to it; tail long, with a carina on each side. (page 350)
"Note. In confirmation of the statement relative to the indentation or notch on the tail, I here add descriptions of two species which seem to be new.
"SQUALUS * SPALLANZANI. -- Peron and Lesueur.
Spiracles none; a black spot at the extremity of the pectorals, another at the summit of the second dorsal and a third at the end of the inferior lobe of the tail; caudal fin undulated above; pectorals falciform, very narrow, situate under the two last branchial openings; head very much depressed; a lunulated emargination above and another beneath the tail.
Inhabits terre de Witt, New Holland.
"SQUALUS * CUVIER. -- Peron and Lesueur.
"Head and body very thick; dorsal moderately emarginate; irregular blackish spots upon the body from the summit of the head to the caudal fin, which on its superior portion, is also spotted; the spots are disposed in three ranges, which are rather irregular on the anterior part; a lunulated emargination above the tail, and another beneath it at the base of the fin.
"Inhabits the N. W. coast of New Holland.
"This lunulated emargination, which exists upon the base of the tail of the Squali here described, are also observable on a species of the genus Caranx, that Peron and myself examined at the port of King (page 351)
"George in la terre de Nuyts, and to which Peron applied the name of the celebrated professor and dean of the school of medicine at Paris, Mr. Le Roux. This species of Caranx is of a very large size, covered with moderately elongated scales; dorsal fins two, the anterior small and consisting of five spinous rays; the second low, very long, elevated anteriorly, and composed of twenty-three much divided rays, of which the first is robust, osseous and shorter than the second ray; pectorals with twenty undivided rays; thoracics with seven rays, the three anterior ones osseous, simple; anal entire shorter than the second dorsal, elevated anteriorly, lower on the posterior portion and supported by sixteen rays, of which the first and second are very strong and bony, the others branched; caudal emarginate, of twenty branched rays, the four or five anterior ones on each side are spinous; a carina on each side of the tail and a lunulated emargination on its superior part; jaws equal. (page 352)
Available via Biodiversity Heritage Library @ https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36831533
"During the two or three last weeks, an enormous cartilaginous fish of the family of the Squali has been publicly exhibited in this city, under the deceptive name of 'Leviathian or Wonderful Sea Serpent;' and in order the more effectually to attract the attention of the multitude, the long appendixes which generally distinguish the male, and which accompany the ventral fins, were declared to be feet. This individual is analogous to several others of its proper genus, which, on the 21st of November, 1810, were enclosed by some fishermen's nets on the coast of Normandy, and which were afterwards taken to Dieppe for sale. The largest of these, which measured 29 feet 4 inches in length, and 16 feet in cir- (page 343) cumference at the base of the dorsal fin, was transported entire to Paris, where it was carefully examined by Mr. Blainville, who published a detailed account of it in the Annales du Museum to. 18, p. 88, pl. 6, fig. 1.
"The individual now exhibiting, having appeared on the coast of New-Jersey nearly at the same season that the reputed 'Sea Serpent' was introduced to the attention of the public, the preceding year, it was believed to be no other than the same animal.
"The anticipation of a lucrative exhibition of this animal, animated the courage of many of the inhabitants of the coast, and determined them to attempt its capture. Armed with muskets and harpoons, they attacked the animal at 7 o'clock in the evening, and continued their efforts to subdue it until the following morning, when, having received numerous balls and harpoon wounds, it finally grounded upon the shore of Brown's point, when it became evident that they had been contending, not with an enormous serpent, but with a gigantic shark.
"The liver yielded four barrels of oil, of about 32 gallons each. The skin, already injured by the numerous wounds, was still further mutilated in several parts in separating it from the body; it was, however, at length, extended upon a frame, which imitated the form of the animal, though the attitude is forced, the branchial openings too widely extended, the head too much elevated, and the mouth so much expanded as to admit a man in a sitting posture. (page 344) Notwithstanding these inaccuracies however, much credit is due to the individual who prepared this skin, as it presents a good idea of the form and magnitude of this elephant shark.
"The following description and remarks were made of the animal in the state above described:
"Body fusciform, more elongated towards the tail than the S. Peregrinus, described by Mr. Blainville, Ann. du Mus. d'Hist. Nat. tom. 18, p. 88, tab. 6, fig. t.
"Total length, when recent 32 feet 10 inches, circumference 18 feet -- of the dried skin 22 feet, and 9 feet 7 inches and 4 lines in circumference.
"Skin rude to the touch, particularly on passing the hand forward, being covered with numerous small, horny, somewhat curved points, of the length of about one-third of a line. These small points are assembled in groups so as to form numerous undulated abbreviated bands, united at their extremities and again dividing; their breadth, on the middle of the body, is about two lines, and they give to the whole surface the appearance of being wrinkled; these bands or wrinkles are transverse on the whole body from the termination of the branchial openings to the posterior extremity of the caudal carina, where they disappear; on the head, throat, and behind the spiracle they are longitudinal, upon the branchial lamina and above the pectoral fins they become oblique, on the latter their direction complies with the movement of the articulation of the fins; all the fins are (page 345)
"destitute of wrinkles, the appendices which accompany the ventral fins are rugose and transversely wrinkled on their superior part, and longitudinally wrinkled on the middle; these wrinkles are more profound than those of the skin of the body. Head very small; rostrum very short, obtuse, glabrous, covered with mucous pores of different sizes, the largest ciliated at their interior circumference and placed before the eye, the middle sized ones irregularly disposed, covering the upper part and sides of the rostrum, the small ones are arranged on a line which passes above the eyes and is prolonged in front of the rostrum; eyes, these being replaced by a hollow hemisphere of glass filled with plaister, with a round black spot in the middle, I was unable to ascertain their true form and dimensions; they are at the distance of about 6½ inches from the tip of the rostrum, and very near to the margin of the superior lip; nostrils placed before the eyes and beneath the rostrum, but having been distended with cylinders of wood, their form cannot be determined; spiracles very small, placed above and a little behind the angle of the jaw, each corresponding with a long interior opening in the mouth between the superior jaw and the first branchial opening; branchial apertures, five on each side, the anterior ones the largest, extending from the superior part of the neck to the under part of the breast, where they appear confluent with those of the opposite side, the posterior opening smallest; the space between the first pair on the upper part of (page 346)
"the neck is 3 inches and 4 lines, that between the fifth pair is about 2 feet 18 lines; mouth very large, 1 foot 7 inches between the angle, and 2 feet 10 inches from the tip of the inferior jaw to a central point between the nostrils; the jaws armed with teeth of different forms, those of the superior jaw occupying, on each side, a space of 1 foot and 6 inches in length by more than one inch in width, and the armed space of the inferior jaw on each side is 1 foot 8½ inches long by 1 inch wide; teeth generally curved and turned inwards towards the throat, their sides slightly edged, without any appearance of distinct and regular serratures; some small rugosities, only, are percerptible on the edge; on the superior jaw they are subconic at the anterior extremity and at the angle of the mouth, both of which are smaller by one-third than those which occupy the intermediate space, and have but a single point to each, which in the greatest number is flattened and truncated; the four or five last ranges at the angles of the mouth are flattened, subtriangular, and recline upon each other to the number of four or five ranges; the intermediate teeth are larger, of the length of about 4 lines, by 3 lines in width at their bases, they are subtrianglar, with one or two grooves on their exterior face, which indicate the union of three points of which they appear to be composed, two of these points are united, and the other is often detached, and very distinct, presenting a bifid appearance, some of the teeth exhibit three points, but these are rare; on the inferior (page 347)
"jaw the teeth are rather larger than those of the superior jaw; towards the anterior extremity and near the angle of the jaw they are a little elongated and lanceolate, less conic but somewhat more compressed; the intermediate ones are bifid and substrifid, those of the anterior extremity are sensibly emarginate; these teeth are not implanted deeply in the skin, and are disposed in 7 or 8 distinct ranges in the middle, the younger ones being on the interior range; fins eight; first dorsal triangular, a little emarginated, extended to a point, detached posteriorly, and placed equidistant. Between the base of the caudal fin and the top of the rostrum, its height is 2 feet 8 or 10 inches, length 2 feet 10 inches, including the posterior pointed lobe which is 8½ inches long; second dorsal very small, subtriangular, with a posterior lobe detached at tip, its height is 8½ inches and total length 17 inches, it is placed before the line of the anal fin, and at the distance of 3 feet 3½ inches from the base of the caudal; pectorals large, placed immediately behind the fifth branchial aperture, at the inferior part of the body, their extremity surpassing a little the base of the first dorsal, they are strong anteriorly, and flexible posteriorly, of the length of 4 feet 1 inch, and 2 feet 1 inch and 8 lines in width; ventrals subtriangular, nearly inermediate between the first and second dorsals, anteriorly flexible, and of the length of 1 foot 5 or 6 inches, by 2 feet and 2 inches in width; the two organs, or large, subcylindric appendages which are attached to them are pro- (page 348)
"foundly striated, on their superior portion of thse striæ are transverse and very rugose, on their middle portion they are oblique, and towards the extremity they have a longitudinal direction and are rugose; these appendices are at present of the length of 2 feet 8 inches, but having been detached from the animal, and in order to skin and prepare them, and again adjusted in their proper situation, their form seems to have been entirely lost, a large groove, however, and two small appendices are still recognisable; anal subtriangular, with a detached pointed lobe behind, placed behind the second dorsal, its length is 1 foot 3 or 4 inches, and height 7 inches 6 lines; tail 3 feet 3 inches long from the base of the second dorsal to the base of the caudal fin, at which latter point I did not perceive any indentation like those which exist in the Squalus peregrinus of Blainville (Ann. du Mus.) and in many other species, as well as in some that we observed on the coast of New Holland; possibly this character may have existed in the animal under consideration, and their absence may be attributable to dessication; caudal fin large, straight, elevated, falciform, of the length of 5 feet from the extremity of one lobe to that of the other; superior lobe 4 feet 3 inches and 6 lines long, inclusive of the small triangular lobe at its extremity of 8 inches 6 lines; inferior lobe short and wide; on each side of the tail is a carina of about 1 foot 6 inches or 2 feet long, which crosses the base of the caudal fin.
"From this description of the dried skin of this gi- (page 349)
"gantic species, it is easy to perceive the relations of its form to other species which attain to an equal magnitude, such as the S. Gunnerianus, S.Homianus and S. Peregrinus. But it is with the latter and particularly with the individual captured on the coast of Nordmandy that our species is most closely allied. It resembles it in the form and number of the fins and the vast openings of the branchia; but the form of its teeth are totally different, those of the S. Pelegrinus being conic, whilst those of our species are more compressed than conic. I, therefore, propose to distinguish it by the following name and characters:
"SQUALUS * ELEPHAS.
"Teeth very small, numerous, curved, bicanaliculate, bifid, in the middle of the series compressed, at the extemities of the series subconic, pointed; spiracles very small; branchial openings very large, the anterior one originating on the upper part of the neck; body very large, lead colour, darker on the back and paler on the belly; second dorsal almost equal in size to the anal, and placed anterior to it; tail long, with a carina on each side. (page 350)
"Note. In confirmation of the statement relative to the indentation or notch on the tail, I here add descriptions of two species which seem to be new.
"SQUALUS * SPALLANZANI. -- Peron and Lesueur.
Spiracles none; a black spot at the extremity of the pectorals, another at the summit of the second dorsal and a third at the end of the inferior lobe of the tail; caudal fin undulated above; pectorals falciform, very narrow, situate under the two last branchial openings; head very much depressed; a lunulated emargination above and another beneath the tail.
Inhabits terre de Witt, New Holland.
"SQUALUS * CUVIER. -- Peron and Lesueur.
"Head and body very thick; dorsal moderately emarginate; irregular blackish spots upon the body from the summit of the head to the caudal fin, which on its superior portion, is also spotted; the spots are disposed in three ranges, which are rather irregular on the anterior part; a lunulated emargination above the tail, and another beneath it at the base of the fin.
"Inhabits the N. W. coast of New Holland.
"This lunulated emargination, which exists upon the base of the tail of the Squali here described, are also observable on a species of the genus Caranx, that Peron and myself examined at the port of King (page 351)
"George in la terre de Nuyts, and to which Peron applied the name of the celebrated professor and dean of the school of medicine at Paris, Mr. Le Roux. This species of Caranx is of a very large size, covered with moderately elongated scales; dorsal fins two, the anterior small and consisting of five spinous rays; the second low, very long, elevated anteriorly, and composed of twenty-three much divided rays, of which the first is robust, osseous and shorter than the second ray; pectorals with twenty undivided rays; thoracics with seven rays, the three anterior ones osseous, simple; anal entire shorter than the second dorsal, elevated anteriorly, lower on the posterior portion and supported by sixteen rays, of which the first and second are very strong and bony, the others branched; caudal emarginate, of twenty branched rays, the four or five anterior ones on each side are spinous; a carina on each side of the tail and a lunulated emargination on its superior part; jaws equal. (page 352)
Available via Biodiversity Heritage Library @ https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36831533
Marriner, Derdriu. 19 February 2023. "The Breaking Point Applies to Magnum PI and to Oha Leechleaf Delissea." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/02/the-breaking-point-applies-to-magnum-pi_19.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/02/the-breaking-point-applies-to-magnum-pi_19.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 19 February 2023. "Rock Doves, Rock Pigeons Maybe Are Like The Passenger on Magnum PI." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/02/rock-doves-rock-pigeons-maybe-are-like.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2023/02/rock-doves-rock-pigeons-maybe-are-like.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 5 June 2022. "The Assassination Bureau by Jack London Augurs Til Death on Magnum PI." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/01/dream-lover-on-magnum-pi-airs-wehewehe.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/01/dream-lover-on-magnum-pi-airs-wehewehe.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 2 October 2021. "Music and Other Sound Vibrations Account for Island Vibes on Magnum PI." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/10/music-and-other-sound-vibrations.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/10/music-and-other-sound-vibrations.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 8 May 2021. "Akoko Hawaiian Beach Sandmat Allows Ties Blooded as Magnum’s Bloodline." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/05/akoko-hawaiian-beach-sandmat-allows.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/05/akoko-hawaiian-beach-sandmat-allows.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 1 May 2021. "Alala Hawaiian Chanting Heralds Avenge, Like Magnum’s Before the Fall." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/05/alala-hawaiian-chanting-heralds-avenge.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/05/alala-hawaiian-chanting-heralds-avenge.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 17 April 2021. "Alala Hawaiian Crow Project Aims Align With Magnum’s Whispers of Death." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/04/alala-hawaiian-crow-project-aims-align.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/04/alala-hawaiian-crow-project-aims-align.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 10 April 2021. "Alala Hawaiian Crows Are Adept At Alarm Calls for Magnum’s Cry Murder." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/04/alala-hawaiian-crows-are-adept-at-alarm.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/04/alala-hawaiian-crows-are-adept-at-alarm.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 3 April 2021. "Ilio Hawaiian Poi Dogs Antedate Service Dogs on Magnum’s Dark Harvest." Earth and Space News. Satuday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/04/ilio-hawaiian-poi-dogs-antedate-service.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/04/ilio-hawaiian-poi-dogs-antedate-service.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 27 March 2021. "Alahee and Mock-Orange Are, Like Magnum’s The Lies We Tell, Lookalikes." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/03/alahee-and-mock-orange-are-like-magnums.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/03/alahee-and-mock-orange-are-like-magnums.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 6 March 2021. "Kaunaoa Kahakai Hawaiian Dodder Avoids Guilt on Magnum’s Long Way Home." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/03/kaunaoa-kahakai-hawaiian-dodder-avoids.html
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Marriner, Derdriu. 20 February 2021. "Solar Power, Not Revenge Against Magnum, Acts as Big Payback in Hawaii" Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/02/solar-power-not-revenge-against-magnum.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/02/solar-power-not-revenge-against-magnum.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 13 February 2021. "Alae'ula Hawaiian Moorhens Add up to Magnum's Someone to Watch Over Me." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/02/alaeula-hawaiian-moorhens-add-up-to.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/02/alaeula-hawaiian-moorhens-add-up-to.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 6 February 2021. "Huakai Po Nightmarchers Act Unlike Magnum's Killer on the Midnight Shift." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/02/huakai-po-nightmarchers-act-unlike.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/02/huakai-po-nightmarchers-act-unlike.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 23 January 2021. "Aumakua Omaomao Hawaiian Moths Actualize Magnum's Tell No One." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/01/aumakua-omaomao-hawaiian-moths.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/01/aumakua-omaomao-hawaiian-moths.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 16 January 2021. "Yellow-Bellied Sea Snakes Ape a Bit Magnum's Day Danger Walked In." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/01/yellow-bellied-sea-snakes-ape-bit.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/01/yellow-bellied-sea-snakes-ape-bit.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 9 January 2021. "Coconut Oil Arms Hawaiian Martial Arts for Magnum's First the Beatdown." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/01/coconut-oil-arms-hawaiian-martial-arts.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/01/coconut-oil-arms-hawaiian-martial-arts.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 2 January 2021. "Kokio Keokeo Oahu White Hibiscus Allies Magnum's Bad Day and Farewell." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/01/kokio-keokeo-oahu-white-hibiscus-allies.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/01/kokio-keokeo-oahu-white-hibiscus-allies.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 19 December 2020. "Barking Sands Beach and Magnum's No Way Out Sometimes Are Under Attack." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/12/barking-sands-beach-and-magnums-no-way.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/12/barking-sands-beach-and-magnums-no-way.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 13 December 2020. "Kiawe Trees Perhaps Ally Magnum's Easy Money With the Niihau Incident." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/12/kiawe-trees-perhaps-ally-magnums-easy.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/12/kiawe-trees-perhaps-ally-magnums-easy.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 5 December 2020. "Ohelo Ai Hawaiian Blueberries Are Iconic for Magnum's Double Jeopardy." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/12/ohelo-ai-hawaiian-blueberries-are.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/12/ohelo-ai-hawaiian-blueberries-are.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 22 November 2020. "Lahaina Banyan Figs Are Not on Magnum’s The Day It All Came Together." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/11/lahaina-banyan-figs-are-not-on-magnums.html
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Marriner, Derdriu. 21 November 2020. "Lauwiliwili Lemon Butterflyfish Attend Magnum’s Day the Past Came Back." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/11/lauwiliwili-lemon-butterflyfish-attend.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/11/lauwiliwili-lemon-butterflyfish-attend.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 23 August 2020. "Inamona Hawaiian Salted Nut Sauce Actuates Magnum’s Day of the Viper." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/08/inamona-hawaiian-salted-nut-sauce.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/08/inamona-hawaiian-salted-nut-sauce.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 22 August 2020. "Kawailoa Activities Antedate Magnum’s Winner Takes All Jan. 20, 2019." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/08/kawailoa-activities-antedate-magnums.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/08/kawailoa-activities-antedate-magnums.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 16 August 2020. "Konane Assuages, Like Chess on Magnum's Blood in the Water." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/08/konane-assuages-like-chess-on-magnums.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/08/konane-assuages-like-chess-on-magnums.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 15 August 2020. "Uhi Hawaiian Tattoos Acquit Magnum’s The Woman Who Never Died." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/08/uhi-hawaiian-tattoos-acquit-magnums.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/08/uhi-hawaiian-tattoos-acquit-magnums.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 9 August 2020. "Hinahina Beach Heliotrope Abhors Bombs on Magnum’s Nowhere to Hide." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/08/hinahina-beach-heliotrope-abhors-bombs.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/08/hinahina-beach-heliotrope-abhors-bombs.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 8 August 2020. "Lapis on Magnum’s Six Paintings Acts Like Silver on The Night Has Eyes." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/08/lapis-on-magnums-six-paintings-acts.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/08/lapis-on-magnums-six-paintings-acts.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 23 May 2020. "'Uki'uki Hawaiian Lilies Aid Memory on Magnum PI's The Ties That Bind." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/05/ukiuki-hawaiian-lilies-aid-memory-on.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/05/ukiuki-hawaiian-lilies-aid-memory-on.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 10 May 2020. "Orange Tabby Cats Act Like and Unlike Magnum's A Leopard on the Prowl." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/05/orange-tabby-cats-act-like-and-unlike.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/05/orange-tabby-cats-act-like-and-unlike.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 9 May 2020. "Mahoe Tree Fruits Are Sweet As Pies on Magnum's May the Best One Win." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/05/mahoe-tree-fruits-are-sweet-as-pies-on.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/05/mahoe-tree-fruits-are-sweet-as-pies-on.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 3 May 2020. "Pioeoe Purple Rock Barnacles Age Ships on Magnum's I Saw the Sun Rise." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/05/pioeoe-purple-rock-barnacles-age-ships.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/05/pioeoe-purple-rock-barnacles-age-ships.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 2 May 2020. "Wahiawa Botanical Garden Awes As Magnum's A World of Trouble Alarms." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/05/wahiawa-botanical-garden-awes-as.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/05/wahiawa-botanical-garden-awes-as.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 25 April 2020. "Mamaki Tea, Not Coffee on Magnum's The Night Has Eyes, Aids Alertness." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/04/mamaki-tea-not-coffee-on-magnums-night.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/04/mamaki-tea-not-coffee-on-magnums-night.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 19 April 2020. "Tiger Mosquitoes Annoy Magnum's Death Is Only Temporary and Farewell to Love." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/04/tiger-mosquitoes-annoy-magnums-death-is.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/04/tiger-mosquitoes-annoy-magnums-death-is.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 18 April 2020. "Maui's Fishhook Manaiakalani Arrived After Magnum's Farewell to Love." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/04/mauis-fishhook-manaiakalani-arrived.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/04/mauis-fishhook-manaiakalani-arrived.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 12 April 2020. "Olive Ridley Sea Turtles Are Helped by Magnum’s Murder Is Never Quiet." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/08/uhi-hawaiian-tattoos-acquit-magnums.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/08/uhi-hawaiian-tattoos-acquit-magnums.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 11 April 2020. "Kamehameha Butterflies Perhaps Are on Magnum's Say Hello to Your Past." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/04/kamehameha-butterflies-perhaps-are-on.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/04/kamehameha-butterflies-perhaps-are-on.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 2 February 2020. "Hawaiian House Mice Are Not Playing Magnum's A Game of Cat and Mouse." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/02/hawaiian-house-mice-are-not-playing.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/02/hawaiian-house-mice-are-not-playing.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 18 January 2020. "Iliahi Forest Sandalwood Aims at What Magnum's Black Is the Widow Aims." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/01/iliahi-forest-sandalwood-aims-at-what.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/01/iliahi-forest-sandalwood-aims-at-what.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 12 January 2020. "Beach Naupaka Are Security Hedges for Magnum's Mondays Are For Murder." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/01/beach-naupaka-are-security-hedges-for.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/01/beach-naupaka-are-security-hedges-for.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 5 January 2020. "Hoi Hawaiian Bitter Yams Are Symbols for Magnum's Desperate Measures." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/01/hoi-hawaiian-bitter-yams-are-symbols.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/01/hoi-hawaiian-bitter-yams-are-symbols.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 15 December 2019. "Kauna'oa Devil Dodder Abides Around Magnum's Day I Met the Devil." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/12/kaunaoa-devil-dodder-abides-around.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/12/kaunaoa-devil-dodder-abides-around.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 8 December 2019. "Kauna'oa Hawaiian Red Algae Affirm Aspects of Magnum's Blood Brothers." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/12/kaunaoa-hawaiian-red-algae-affirm.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/12/kaunaoa-hawaiian-red-algae-affirm.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 24 November 2019. "Ka'upu Black-Footed Albatrosses Avert Magnum's A Bullet Named Fate." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/11/kaupu-black-footed-albatrosses-avert.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/11/kaupu-black-footed-albatrosses-avert.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 17 November 2019. "Maiapilo Hawaiian Capers Are Absent from Magnum's He Came by Night." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/11/maiapilo-hawaiian-capers-are-absent.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/11/maiapilo-hawaiian-capers-are-absent.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 10 November 2019. "Lama Hawaiian Ebony Persimmon Augurs Magnum's Man in the Secret Room." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/11/lama-hawaiian-ebony-persimmon-augurs.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/11/lama-hawaiian-ebony-persimmon-augurs.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 2 November 2019. "Milo Pacific Rosewood Applies Five-0's All Knowledge to Magnum's Lie." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/11/milo-pacific-rosewood-applies-five-0s.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/11/milo-pacific-rosewood-applies-five-0s.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 26 October 2019. "Hawaiian Hoary Bats Acquit Five-0's Ghosts, Magnum's Make It 'Til Dawn." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/10/hawaiian-hoary-bats-acquit-five-0s.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/10/hawaiian-hoary-bats-acquit-five-0s.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 19 October 2019. "Molassesgrass Appalls Five-0's Tiny Is the Flower, Magnum's Dead Inside." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/10/molassesgrass-appalls-five-0s-tiny-is.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/10/molassesgrass-appalls-five-0s-tiny-is.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 13 October 2019. "Akohekohe Honeycreepers Attack Like Magnum PI's Knight Lasts Forever." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/10/akohekohe-honeycreepers-attack-like.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/10/akohekohe-honeycreepers-attack-like.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 6 October 2019. "Hawaiian Quilts Are More Cryptic Than Magnum PI's Honor Among Thieves." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/10/hawaiian-quilts-are-more-cryptic-than.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/10/hawaiian-quilts-are-more-cryptic-than.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 29 September 2019. "Ti Tree Root Okolehao Applies To Magnum PI's Payback Is For Beginners." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/09/ti-tree-root-okolehao-applies-to-magnum.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/09/ti-tree-root-okolehao-applies-to-magnum.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 14 September 2019. "Yellow Fever Mosquitoes Air a Killer on Magnum's A Kiss Before Dying." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/09/yellow-fever-mosquitoes-air-killer-on.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/09/yellow-fever-mosquitoes-air-killer-on.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 7 September 2019. "Hawaii Mamo Feathers Are Like Gold Necklaces on Magnum’s Die He Said." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/09/hawaii-mamo-feathers-are-like-gold.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/09/hawaii-mamo-feathers-are-like-gold.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 1 September 2019. "Koloa Maoli Hawaiian Ducks Are One Duck Less on Magnum's Sudden Death." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/09/koloa-maoli-hawaiian-ducks-are-one-duck.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/09/koloa-maoli-hawaiian-ducks-are-one-duck.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 3 February 2019. "Makou Hawaiian Buttercups Add No Aconitine to Magnum's I, the Deceased." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/02/makou-hawaiian-buttercups-add-no.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/02/makou-hawaiian-buttercups-add-no.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 11 November 2018. "Makiawa Hawaiian Sardines Appease Magnum PI's The Cat Who Cried Wolf." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/11/makiawa-hawaiian-sardines-appease.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/11/makiawa-hawaiian-sardines-appease.html
Marriner, Derdriu. 6 October 2018. "Hawaiian Dolphinfish Mahi-Mahi Abide by Magnum PI's From the Head Down." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/10/hawaiian-dolphinfish-mahi-mahi-abide-by.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/10/hawaiian-dolphinfish-mahi-mahi-abide-by.html
"Number One With a Bullet." Magnum PI. New York City NY: National Broadcasting Company, 26 February 2023.
"The Leiomano: The Ancient Hawaiians' Deadly Weapon of Choice." Shaka Guide. Copyrighted 2023.
Available @ https://www.shakaguide.com/article/oahu/shark-tooth-weapon#:~:text=These%20warriors%20were%20athletes%2C%20the,the%20lei%20of%20shark's%20teeth.
Available @ https://www.shakaguide.com/article/oahu/shark-tooth-weapon#:~:text=These%20warriors%20were%20athletes%2C%20the,the%20lei%20of%20shark's%20teeth.
Young, Peter T. 31 January 2015. "The Eight of O'ahu." Ho-okuleana.
Available @ http://totakeresponsibility.blogspot.com/2015/01/the-eight-of-oahu.html
Available @ http://totakeresponsibility.blogspot.com/2015/01/the-eight-of-oahu.html
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