Summary: Uranian moon Juliet was discovered in images taken Friday, Jan. 3, 1986, by Voyager 2 during the probe's flyby of the seventh planet from the sun.
 |
| Friday, Jan. 3, 1986, discovery image of S/1986 U2, with inserted label as Juliet: NASA Solar System Exploration (SSE), Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons |
Uranian moon Juliet was discovered in images obtained Friday, Jan. 3, 1986, by Voyager 2 during the interstellar and planetary space probe's flyby of the seventh planet from the sun.
Juliet numbers among 11 satellites of Uranus that Voyager 2 imaged during the robotic interstellar space probe's unique flyby of the cyan-colored, planetary ice giant Uranus from late autumn 1985 through winter 1986. The Voyager Science Image Team received more than 7,000 photographs from the spacecraft's observational encounter with the Uranian system from Monday, Nov. 4, 1985, to Tuesday, Feb. 25, 1986, according to John Uri, NASA Johnson Space Center's History Office manager, in "35 Years Ago: Voyager 2 Explores Uranus," posted Jan. 22, 2021, on the NASA website.
Two satellites were discovered in Voyager 2 images obtained Friday, Jan. 3, 1986, as reported on behalf of the Voyager Science Imaging Team by American planetary astronomer and Voyager mission lead imaging scientist B.A. (Bradford Adelbert) Smith (Sep. 22, 1931-July 3, 2018) to British lost asteroid and comet tracker Brian G. (Geoffrey) Marsden (Aug. 5, 1937-Nov. 18, 2010) in International Astronomical Union Circular (IAUC) No. 4164, dated Jan. 16, 1986. As the second new satellite of Uranus discovered in 1986, the yet-unnamed Juliet was assigned the provisional designation of S/1986 U2, according to the report in the circular distributed by the Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams (CBAT). Juliet's profile was identified as a revolution period of 11.83 hours; an orbital semimajor axis, or, primary body-to-secondary (orbiting) body distance, at 64,350 kilometers; and a satellite radius of 40 kilometers.
The satellite radius was corrected to the satellite diameter of 40 kilometers, according to Marsden's "Corrigendum" in International Astronomical Union Circular (IAUC) No. 4165, dated Jan. 17, 1986. The satellite's estimated diameter subsequently was confirmed at 40 kilometers by recalculations occasioned by a newly measured albedo of approximately 0.05 for Puck (provisionally designated S/1985 U1; systemically designated Roman numeral XV), according to IAUC No. 4168, dated Jan. 27, 1968.
Juliet shares its discovery date of Friday, Jan. 3, 1986, with Portia. As the first new Uranian satellite discovered in 1986, Portia received the provisional designation of S/1986 U1.
The discovery images of Juliet were obtained by the spacecraft's narrow angle camera, according to W.M. Owen Jr. and S.P. Synott in "Orbits of the Ten Small Satellites of Uranus" (page 1268), published in the May 1987 issue of The Astronomical Journal. The images reveal Juliet's location between the Uranian system's ε (epsilon) ring, the third outermost of the Uranian system's 13 rings, and Miranda, the innermost and smallest of the system's five round moons. The epsilon ring comprises 70 percent of the Uranian system's ring area, with width ranges of 20 kilometers at periapse and 96 kilometers at apoapse, according to Bradford A. Smith and 39 co-authors (including American astronomer and science communicator Carl Sagan [Nov. 9, 1934-Dec. 20, 1996]) in "Voyager 2 in the Uranian System: Imaging Science Results" (page 50), published in the July 4, 1986, issue of Science.
Juliet is classified as an inner satellite. The Uranian system's 13 inner moons orbit inside the orbit of Miranda, also known as Uranus V (UV). Juliet orbits in the satellite-dense area between the ε (epsilon) and ν (nu) rings, the respectively third and second outermost rings in the Uranian system.
 |
| "Discovery Image of Satellite 1986 U 10 of Uranus, Erich Karkoschka, University of Arizona, May 1999, Image Taken by Voyager 2 on January 23, 1986," image taken Thursday, Jan. 23, 1986, by Voyager 2 spacecraft's narrow-angle camera shows (fourth arrow; lower right edge) designation of Juliet, with arrow pointing to its location; the bright star diagonally below Juliet is Kaus Borealis (Lambda Sagittarii; λ Sagittarii; abbreviated Lambda Sgr, λ Sgr); image credit Voyager 2, NASA, Erich Karkoschka (U. Arizona): Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons |
Juliet is classified as an inner satellite. The Uranian system's 13 inner moons orbit inside the orbit of Miranda, also known as Uranus V (UV). Juliet orbits in the satellite-dense area between the ε (epsilon) and ν (nu) rings, the respectively third and second outermost rings in the Uranian system.
Fluctuations in the brightness of rotational lightcurves indicate irregularly shaped bodies. Based upon its rotational lightcurve, Juliet has a "very oblong" shape, according to Erich Karkoschka in "Comprehensive Photometry of the Rings and 16 Satellites of Uranus with the Hubble Space Telescope," published in the May 2001 issue of Icarus. Photometric properties of four rings and 16 satellites, including Juliet, in the Uranian system were based upon images obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in 1997.
Juliet belongs to the Portia Group of Uranian satellites. Portia heads the nine-member group, which also includes Bianca, Cressida, Desdemona, Rosalind, Cupid, Belinda and Perdita. Similar orbits and photometric properties unite the Portia Group, according to Erich Karkoschka.
The densely packed orbital space occupied by members of the Portia Group measures a radial span of 20,000 kilometers, according to American planetary astronomer Richard G. French, American astrophysicist Rebekah I. (Ilene) Dawson and American planetary astronomer Mark R. Showalter in "Resonances, Chaos, and Short-Term Interactions Among the Inner Uranian Satellites" and published in the April 2015 issue of The Astronomical Journal. Dynamic linkages form group subsets that induce orbital eccentricity variations in subset satellites. Portia links dynamically with both Desdemona and Juliet. Orbital eccentricity variations in Juliet are dominated by interactions with Portia.
Juliet namesakes the female title role in Romeo and Juliet, a tragedy first published in 1597 by Elizabethan poet William Shakespeare (bapt. April 26, 1564-April 23, 1616). The moon's name observes the convention of naming the Uranian system's satellites after characters from Shakespearean plays or from "The Rape of the Lock," a satirical narrative poem first published anonymously in May 1712 by Enlightenment era poet, satirist and translator Alexander Pope (May 21, 1688-May 30, 1744), according to "Planet and Satellite Names and Discoverers" on the International Astronomical Union's U.S. Geological Survey-managed Gazeteer of Planetary Nomenclature website.
The International Astronomical Union has assigned Roman numerals I to XXVII as systemic designations to 27 Uranian satellites. Juliet has received the IAU-assigned systemic Roman numeral designation of Uranus XI, abbreviated as UXI.
Scott Sander Sheppard (born Feb. 19, 1977), an American astronomer with the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism at the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington, DC, discovered the Uranian system's 28th satellite on Saturday, Nov. 4, 2023. The outer satellite, which has a diameter of 8 kilometers and an orbital period of 680 days, has received the temporary designation of S/2023 U1, according to "New moons of Uranus and Neptune announced," posted as Breaking News Feb. 23, 2024, on the Carnegie Institution of Science website.
 |
| Near-infrared (NIR) wide-field image obtained Monday, Sep. 4, 2023, by NASA's James Webb Space Telescope's NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) reveals Uranus’s seasonal north polar cap and dim inner and outer rings; annotations identify nine of the Uranian system's 13 inner satellites (top, clockwise: Perdita, Rosalind, Puck, Belinda, Desdemona, Cressida, Bianca, Portia, Juliet) and Titania (upper left center), Oberon (upper right center), Umbriel (center right), Miranda (lower center) and Ariel (lower center right) as the system's five major moons; image credits NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI: Cady Coleman @Astro_Cady, via X (formerly Twitter) Jan. 3, 2024 |
Acknowledgment
My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.
Dedication
Dedication
This post is dedicated to the memory of our beloved blue-eyed brother, Charles, who guided the creation of the Met Opera and Astronomy posts on Earth and Space News. We memorialized our brother in "Our Beloved Blue-Eyed Brother, Charles, With Whom We Are Well Pleased," published on Earth and Space News on Thursday, Nov. 18, 2021, an anniversary of our beloved father's death.
Image credits:
Image credits:
Friday, Jan. 3, 1986, discovery image of S/1986 U2, with inserted label as Juliet: NASA Solar System Exploration (SSE), Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Uranus-Juliet-NASA.gif
"Discovery Image of Satellite 1986 U 10 of Uranus, Erich Karkoschka, University of Arizona, May 1999, Image Taken by Voyager 2 on January 23, 1986," image taken Thursday, Jan. 23, 1986, by Voyager 2 spacecraft's narrow-angle camera shows (fourth arrow; lower right edge) designation of Juliet, with arrow pointing to its location; the bright star diagonally below Juliet is Kaus Borealis (Lambda Sagittarii; λ Sagittarii; abbreviated Lambda Sgr, λ Sgr); image credit Voyager 2, NASA, Erich Karkoschka (U. Arizona): Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Near-infrared (NIR) wide-field image obtained Monday, Sep. 4, 2023, by NASA's James Webb Space Telescope's NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) reveals Uranus’s seasonal north polar cap and dim inner and outer rings; annotations identify nine of the Uranian system's 13 inner satellites (top, clockwise: Perdita, Rosalind, Puck, Belinda, Desdemona, Cressida, Bianca, Portia, Juliet) and Titania (upper left center), Oberon (upper right center), Umbriel (center right), Miranda (lower center) and Ariel (lower center right) as the system's five major moons; image credits NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI: Cady Coleman @Astro_Cady, via X (formerly Twitter) Jan. 3, 2024, @ https://twitter.com/Astro_Cady/status/1742597423199846693; NIR image Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Annotated_Moons_of_Uranus.png; via NASA James Webb Space Telescope Mission @ https://www.nasa.gov/missions/webb/nasas-webb-rings-in-holidays-with-ringed-planet-uranus/
For further information:
For further information:
Baisas, Laura. "Astronomers discover new moons orbiting Uranus and Neptune. The tiny satellites were spotted circling our solar system’s most far flung planets." Popular Science > Science > Space > Solar System > Moons. Feb. 26, 2024.
Available via Popular Science @ https://www.popsci.com/science/uranus-neptune-new-moons/
Available via Popular Science @ https://www.popsci.com/science/uranus-neptune-new-moons/
Bolles, Dana; and SMD (Science Mission Directorate) Team, eds. "Juliet." Our Solar System > Planets > Uranus > Moons > Facts > Unique Aspects > Juliet.
Available via NASA Science @ https://science.nasa.gov/uranus/moons/juliet/
Available via NASA Science @ https://science.nasa.gov/uranus/moons/juliet/
Bolles, Dana; and SMD (Science Mission Directorate) Team. "Voyager 2: First to visit all four giant planets." NASA Science > Mission > Voyager 2.
Available via NASA Science @ https://science.nasa.gov/mission/voyager/voyager-2/
Available via NASA Science @ https://science.nasa.gov/mission/voyager/voyager-2/
Cady Coleman @Astro_Cady. "#OTD 1/3/1986: Using images the probe had taken, #Voyager2 scientist Steve Synnott discovered two of #Uranus's known moons: #Portia & #Juliet. https://theworld.org/stories/2017-01-01/why-moons-uranus-are-named-after-characters-shakespeare. New image: @NASAWebb @ESA_Webb @csa_asc #JWST #space #astronomy #planetaryscience." X (formerly Twitter). Jan. 3, 2024.
Available via X (formerly Twitter) @ https://twitter.com/Astro_Cady/status/1742597423199846693
Available via X (formerly Twitter) @ https://twitter.com/Astro_Cady/status/1742597423199846693
Carnegie Science Earth & Planets Laboratory; and Scott S. Sheppard. "New moons of Uranus and Neptune announced." Carnegie News > The Latest News > Breaking News. Feb. 23, 2024.
Available via Carnegie Science @ https://carnegiescience.edu/new-moons-uranus-and-neptune-announced
Available via Carnegie Science @ https://carnegiescience.edu/new-moons-uranus-and-neptune-announced
Cartwright, Richard J.; Chloe B. Beddingfield; Tom A. Nordheim; Catherine M. Elder; Julie C. Castillo-Rogez; Marc Neveu; Ali M. Bramson; Michael M. Sori; Bonnie J. Buratti; Robert T. Pappalardo; Joseph E. Roser; Ian J. Cohen; Erin J. Leonard; Anton I. Ermakov; Mark R. Showalter; William M. Grundy; Elizabeth P. Turtle; and Mark D. Hofstadter."The Science Case for Spacecraft Exploration of the Uranian Satellites: Candidate Ocean Worlds in an Ice Giant System." The Planetary Science Journal, vol. 2, no. 3 (June 2021): 120. DOI 10.3847/PSJ/abfe12.
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/PSJ/abfe12
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/PSJ/abfe12
Duncan, Martin J.; and Jack J. Lissauer. "Orbital Stability of the Uranian Satellite System." Icarus, vol. 125, issue 1 (January 1997): 1-12. DOI 10.1006/icar.1996.5568.
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997Icar..125....1D/abstract
Available via ScienceDirect @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103596955682
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997Icar..125....1D/abstract
Available via ScienceDirect @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103596955682
French, Richard G.; Rebekah I. Dawson; and Mark R. Showalter. "Resonances, Chaos, and Short-Term Interactions Among the Inner Uranian Satellites." The Astronomical Journal, vol. 149, no. 4 (April 2015): 142 (28 pages).
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-6256/149/4/142
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-6256/149/4/142/pdf
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/375909/pdf
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-6256/149/4/142
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-6256/149/4/142/pdf
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/375909/pdf
French, Robert S.; and Mark R. (Robert) Showalter. "Cupid is doomed: An analysis of the stability of the inner uranian satellites." Icarus, vol. 220, issue 2 (August 2012): 911-921. DOI 10.1016/j.icarus.2012.06.031. DOI 10.48550/arXiv.1408.2543
Available via arXiv @ https://arxiv.org/abs/1408.2543
Available via arXiv @ https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1408/1408.2543.pdf
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012Icar..220..911F/abstract
Available via ScienceDirect @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103512002606
Available via arXiv @ https://arxiv.org/abs/1408.2543
Available via arXiv @ https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1408/1408.2543.pdf
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012Icar..220..911F/abstract
Available via ScienceDirect @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103512002606
Green, Daniel W.E. "Brian Geoffrey Marsden (1937-2010)." The Observatory > Obituaries, vol. 131, no. 4 (April 2011): 108-109.
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/2011Obs...131..108G
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/2011Obs...131..108G
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/2011Obs...131..108G
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/2011Obs...131..108G
Green, Daniel W.E. "S/1986 U 10." Harvard University Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams CBAT. International Astronomical Union Circular (IAUC) No. 7171. May 18, 1999.
Available via CBAT @ http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/07100/07171.html
Available via CBAT @ http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/07100/07171.html
Green, Daniel W.E. "Satellites of Uranus." Harvard University Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams CBAT. International Astronomical Union Circular (IAUC) No. 8194. Sep. 3, 2003.
Available via CBAT @ http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/08100/08194.html
Available via CBAT @ http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/08100/08194.html
Greicius, Tony; and Naomi Hartono. "Uranus Moon -- 1985U1." NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory > Images. June 21, 1999.
Available @ https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/pia01357-uranus-moon-1985u1
Available @ https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/pia01357-uranus-moon-1985u1
Hamilton, Calvin J. "Juliet." Views of the Solar System > Image Index > Photos of Primary Targets > Uranus > Juliet > Photo Archives: Juliet.
Available @ https://solarviews.com/cap/uranus/juliet.htm
Available @ https://solarviews.com/cap/uranus/juliet.htm
Hamilton, Calvin J. "Juliet Uranus XI -- 1986U2." Views of the Solar System > Image Index > Photos of Primary Targets > Uranus > Juliet > Photo Archives: Juliet > Juliet: Related Document Juliet.
Available @ https://solarviews.com/eng/juliet.htm
Available @ https://solarviews.com/eng/juliet.htm
International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN). "Body: Uranus XI (Juliet). Description: Heroine of Shakespeare's 'Romeo and Juliet. Date of Discovery: January 3, 1986. Discovery Location: Voyager 2. Discoverer: Voyager Science Team." IAU Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > Planet and Satellite Names and Discoverers.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Page/Planets
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Page/Planets
International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN). "Uranian System." IAU Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > Planet and Satellite Names and Discoverers.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Page/Planets
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Page/Planets
Jacobson, R.A. (Robert A.). "The Orbits of the Inner Uranian Satellites from Hubble Space Telescope and Voyager 2 Observations." 1998. The Astronomical Journal, vol. 115, no. 3 (March 1998): 1195-1199.
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998AJ....115.1195J/abstract
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/300263/pdf
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/300263
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/300263/pdf
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998AJ....115.1195J/abstract
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/300263/pdf
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/300263
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/300263/pdf
Jet Propulsion Laboratory. "PIA01278: Hubble Tracks Clouds on Uranus." NASA JPL Photojournal. Image addition date 1999-05-21.
Available @ https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01278
Available @ https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01278
The John J. McCarthy Observatory. "Astronomical and Historical Events: 3rd History: Stephen Synnott discovers Uranus’ moons Juliet and Portia (1986)." Galactic Observer, vol. 8, no. 1 (January 2015): 14.
Available @ https://www.mccarthyobservatory.org/newsletters/jjmo_news_01_15.pdf
Available @ https://www.mccarthyobservatory.org/newsletters/jjmo_news_01_15.pdf
Karkoschka, Erich. "Comprehensive Photometry of the Rings and 16 Satellites of Uranus with the Hubble Space Telescope." Icarus, vol. 151, issue 1 (May 2001): 51-68 (2001). DOI 10.1006/icar.2001.6596.
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Icar..151...51K/abstract
Available via ScienceDirect @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103501965960
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Icar..151...51K/abstract
Available via ScienceDirect @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103501965960
Karkoschka, Erich. "Voyager's Eleventh Discovery of a Satellite of Uranus and Photometry and the First Size Measurements of Nine Satellites." Icarus, vol. 151, issue 1 (May 2001): 69-77. DOI 10.1006/icar.2001.6597.
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Icar..151...69K/abstract
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Icar..151...69K/abstract
Karkoschka, Erich (University of Arizona); and NASA. "Hubble Watches Uranus." NASA Hubblesite > News > News Releases. Release ID 1997-36. Release date Nov. 20, 1997 12:00AM (EST).
Available via NASA Hubblesite @ https://hubblesite.org/contents/news-releases/1997/news-1997-36.html
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103501965972?via%3Dihub
Available via NASA Hubblesite @ https://hubblesite.org/contents/news-releases/1997/news-1997-36.html
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103501965972?via%3Dihub
Karkoschka, Erich (University of Arizona); and NASA. "Uranus, July 28,1997 (Annotated)." NASA Hubblesite > Media > Images. Release ID 1997-36. Release date Nov. 20, 1997 12:00AM (EST)
Available via NASA Hubblesite @ https://hubblesite.org/contents/media/images/1997/36/560-Image.html
Available via NASA Hubblesite @ https://hubblesite.org/contents/media/images/1997/36/560-Image.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Caliban and Sycorax Orbit With Respectively Low and High Eccentricity." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, July 20, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/07/caliban-and-sycorax-orbit-with.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/07/caliban-and-sycorax-orbit-with.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Gertrude Is Largest Known Crater on Largest Uranian Moon Titania." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Jan. 19, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/01/gertrude-is-largest-known-crater-on.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/01/gertrude-is-largest-known-crater-on.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Hamlet Is Largest Known Crater on Second Largest Uranian Moon Oberon." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Jan. 26, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/01/hamlet-is-largest-known-crater-on.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/01/hamlet-is-largest-known-crater-on.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Margaret Was Discovered Aug. 29, 2003, as Ninth Uranian Irregular Moon." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, August 17, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/08/margaret-was-discovered-aug-29-2003-as.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/08/margaret-was-discovered-aug-29-2003-as.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Nine Uranian Irregular Moons Were Discovered Between 1997 and 2003." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, July 6, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/07/nine-uranian-irregular-moons-were.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/07/nine-uranian-irregular-moons-were.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Prospero, Setebos and Stephano Were Recovered May, June and August 2000." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Aug. 3, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/08/prospero-setebos-and-stephano-were.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/08/prospero-setebos-and-stephano-were.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Stuart Eves Credits William Herschel With Uranian Epsilon Ring in 1789." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Feb. 16, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/02/stuart-eves-credits-william-herschel.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/02/stuart-eves-credits-william-herschel.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Trinculo, Ferdinand and Francisco Were Discovered Aug. 13, 2001." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Aug. 10, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/08/trinculo-ferdinand-and-francisco-were.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/08/trinculo-ferdinand-and-francisco-were.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Uranian Irregular Moons Caliban and Sycorax Were Discovered Sept. 6, 1997." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, July 13, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/07/uranian-irregular-moons-caliban-and.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/07/uranian-irregular-moons-caliban-and.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Uranian Moon Portia Was Discovered Jan. 3, 1986, in Voyager 2 Images." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, June 26, 2024.
Available @
Available @
Marriner, Derdriu. "Uranian Moon Puck Was Discovered Dec. 30, 1985, in Voyager 2 Images." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, June 12, 2024.
Available @
Available @
Marriner, Derdriu. "Uranian Moons Prospero, Setebos and Stephano Were Discovered July 1999." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, July 27, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/07/uranian-moons-prospero-setebos-and.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/07/uranian-moons-prospero-setebos-and.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Uranus the Blue Green Ice Giant: Sideways Seventh Planet From the Sun." Earth and Space News. Friday, March 13, 2015.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/03/uranus-blue-green-ice-giant-sideways.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/03/uranus-blue-green-ice-giant-sideways.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Uranus Discovery 234 Years Ago on March 13, 1781, by Sir William Herschel." Earth and Space News. Friday, March 13, 2015.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/03/uranus-discovery-234-years-ago-on-march.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/03/uranus-discovery-234-years-ago-on-march.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Voyager 2 Images December 1985 to January 1986 Revealed 11 New Moons." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, June 5, 2024.
Available @
Available @
Marriner, Derdriu. "William Herschel Discovered First Two Uranian Moons on Jan. 11, 1787." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Jan. 12, 2011.
https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/01/william-herschel-discovered-first-two.html
https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/01/william-herschel-discovered-first-two.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "William Herschel First Glimpsed Uranian Ring System on March 4, 1787." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Feb. 2, 2011.
https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/02/william-herschel-first-glimpsed-uranian.html
https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/02/william-herschel-first-glimpsed-uranian.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "William Herschel Observed Flattened Polar Regions on Uranian Disk." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Feb. 23, 2011.
https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/02/william-herschel-observed-flattened.html
https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/02/william-herschel-observed-flattened.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "William Herschel Saw Uranian Rings But Puzzling Views Created Doubt." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Feb. 9, 2011.
https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/02/william-herschel-saw-uranian-rings-but.html
https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/02/william-herschel-saw-uranian-rings-but.html
Marsden, Brian G., ed. "Satellites and Rings of Uranus." Harvard University Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams CBAT. International Astronomical Union Circular (IAUC) No. 4168. Jan. 27, 1986.
Available via CBAT @ http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/04100/04168.html#item1
Available via CBAT @ http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/04100/04168.html#item1
Marsden, Brian G., ed. "Satellites of Uranus." Harvard University Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams CBAT. International Astronomical Union Circular (IAUC) No. 4164. Jan. 16, 1986.
Available via CBAT @ http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/04100/04164.html#Item1
Available via CBAT @ http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/04100/04164.html#Item1
Marsden, Brian G., ed. "Satellites of Uranus and Neptune." Harvard University Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams CBAT. International Astronomical Union Circular (IAUC) No. 4159. Jan. 9, 1986.
Available via CBAT @ http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/04100/04159.html
Available via CBAT @ http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/04100/04159.html
Marsden, Brian G., ed. "Satellites of Uranus: Corrigendum." Harvard University Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams CBAT. International Astronomical Union Circular (IAUC) No. 4165. Jan. 17, 1986.
Available via CBAT @ http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/04100/04165.html#Item6
Available via CBAT @ http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/04100/04165.html#Item6
Munsell, Kirk, acting ed. "Uranus: Moons: Juliet." NASA Solar System Exploration (SSE) > Planets > Uranus > Moons > 6. Juliet.
Available via Internet Archive Wayback Machine @ https://web.archive.org/web/20070801203901/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Ura_Juliet
Available via Internet Archive Wayback Machine @ https://web.archive.org/web/20070801203901/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Ura_Juliet
NASA Hubblesite. "Features in the Uranus System." NASA Hubblesite > Images > Hubble Heritage.
Available via NASA Hubblesite @ https://hubblesite.org/contents/media/images/2005/33/1798-Image.html
Available via NASA Hubblesite @ https://hubblesite.org/contents/media/images/2005/33/1798-Image.html
NASA Hubblesite. "Newly Discovered Moons and Rings of Uranus (Annotated)." NASA Hubblesite > Image > Hubble Heritage.
Available via NASA Hubblesite @ https://hubblesite.org/contents/media/images/2005/33/1801-Image.html
Available via NASA Hubblesite @ https://hubblesite.org/contents/media/images/2005/33/1801-Image.html
NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Solar System Dynamics. "Planetary Satellite Discovery Circumstances." NASA JPL SSD (NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Solar System Dynamics) > Planetary Satellites. These data were last updated 2023-May-23.
Available via NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Solar System Dynamics (SSD) @ https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sats/discovery.html
Available via NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Solar System Dynamics (SSD) @ https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sats/discovery.html
Overbye, Dennis. "Bradford Smith, Who Showed Postcards From Outer Space, Dies at 86." The New York Times > Obituaries. July 11, 2018.
Available @ https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/11/obituaries/bradford-smith-86-dies-showed-postcards-from-outer-space.html
Available @ https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/11/obituaries/bradford-smith-86-dies-showed-postcards-from-outer-space.html
Overbye, Dennis. "Bradford Smith, Who Showed Postcards From Outer Space, Dies at 86." The New York Times > Obituaries. July 11, 2018.
Available @ https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/11/obituaries/bradford-smith-86-dies-showed-postcards-from-outer-space.html
Available @ https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/11/obituaries/bradford-smith-86-dies-showed-postcards-from-outer-space.html
Owen, W.M. (William Mann), Jr.; and S.P. (Stephen P.) Synnott. "Orbits of the Ten Small Satellites of Uranus." The Astronomical Journal, vol. 93 (May 1987): 1268-1271. DOI 10.1086/114409.
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987AJ.....93.1268O/abstract
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1987AJ.....93.1268O
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1987AJ.....93.1268O
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987AJ.....93.1268O/abstract
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1987AJ.....93.1268O
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1987AJ.....93.1268O
Paradis, Samuel; Chris Moeckel; and Imke de Pater. "Near-IR photometry of the small Uranian satellites with Keck at phase angles 0–2°." Icarus, vol. 391 (February 2023): Article 115331.
Available via ScienceDirect @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019103522004237
Available via ScienceDirect @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019103522004237
Plotner, Tammy. What's Up 2007: 365 Days of Skywatching by Tammy Plotner. Universe Today, Nov. 29, 2006.
Available @ https://fatduck.org/nonhtml/365days2007.pdf
Available via Lulu Press @ https://www.lulu.com/shop/tammy-plotner/whats-up-2007-365-days-of-skywatching/paperback/product-584371.html
Available @ https://fatduck.org/nonhtml/365days2007.pdf
Available via Lulu Press @ https://www.lulu.com/shop/tammy-plotner/whats-up-2007-365-days-of-skywatching/paperback/product-584371.html
Pultarova, Tereza. "Scientists create most detailed map of Uranus' mysterious auroras to date." Space > The Universe > Solar System > Uranus. Last updated Oct. 19, 2021.
Available @ https://www.space.com/uranus-observation-infrared-aurora-map
Available @ https://www.space.com/uranus-observation-infrared-aurora-map
Sabia, Steven. "NASA’s Webb Rings in Holidays With Ringed Planet Uranus." NASA > Missions > James Webb Space Telescope. Dec. 18, 2023. Last updated Jan 09, 2024.
Available @ https://www.nasa.gov/missions/webb/nasas-webb-rings-in-holidays-with-ringed-planet-uranus/
Available @ https://www.nasa.gov/missions/webb/nasas-webb-rings-in-holidays-with-ringed-planet-uranus/
Smith, B. A.; G.A. Briggs; G.E. Danielson; A.F. Cook; M.E. Davies; G.E. Hunt; H. Masursky; L.A. Soderblom; T.C. Owen; C. Sagan; and V.E. Suomi. "Voyager Imaging Experiment." Space Science Reviews, vol 21, issue 2 (November 1977): 103-127. DOI 10.1007/BF00200847.
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1977SSRv...21..103S/abstract
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1977SSRv...21..103S
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1977SSRv...21..103S
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1977SSRv...21..103S/abstract
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1977SSRv...21..103S
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1977SSRv...21..103S
Smith, B.A.; L.A. Soderblom; R. Beebe; D. Bliss; J.M. Boyce; A. Brahic; G.A. Briggs; R.H. Brown; S.A. Collins; A.F. Cook II; S.K. Croft; J.N. Cuzzi; G.E. Danielson; M.E. Davies; T.E. Dowling; D. Godfrey; C.J. Hansen; C. Harris; G.E. Hunt; A.P. Ingersoll; T.V. Johnson; R.J. Krauss; H. Masursky; D. Morrison; T. Owen; J.B. Plescia; J.B. Pollack; C.C. Porco; K. Rages; C. Sagan; E.M. Shoemaker; L.A. Sromovsky; C. Stoker; R.G. Strom; V.E. Suomi; S.P. Synnott; R.J. Terrile; P. Thomas; W.R. Thompson; and J. Veverka. (4 July 1986). "Voyager 2 in the Uranian System: Imaging Science Results". Science, vol. 233, issue 4759 (July 4, 1986): 43–64. DOI 10.1126/science.233.4759.43.
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986Sci...233...43S/abstract
Available via Zenodo @ https://zenodo.org/records/1230972
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986Sci...233...43S/abstract
Available via Zenodo @ https://zenodo.org/records/1230972
Uri, John. "35 Years Ago: Voyager 2 Explores Uranus." NASA > History. Jan. 22, 2021.
Available @ https://www.nasa.gov/history/35-years-ago-voyager-2-explores-uranus/
Available @ https://www.nasa.gov/history/35-years-ago-voyager-2-explores-uranus/
Weishaupt, Jeff. "How Many Moons Does Uranus Have? (Facts, & FAQ)." Optics Mag > Blog. Last updated July 15, 2023.
Available @ https://opticsmag.com/how-many-moons-does-uranus-have/
Available @ https://opticsmag.com/how-many-moons-does-uranus-have/
Wilford, John Noble. "Evidence of Magnetic Field Is Found." The New York Times > Special to The New York Times. Jan. 24, 1986.
Available @ https://www.nytimes.com/1986/01/24/us/evidence-of-magnetic-field-is-found.html
Available @ https://www.nytimes.com/1986/01/24/us/evidence-of-magnetic-field-is-found.html
Williams, David "Dave" R. "Juliet (UXI, S/1986 U2)." NSSDCA (NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive) Uranian Satellite Fact Sheet > Bulk Parameters > Lesser Satellites. Last updated Feb. 21, 2019.
Available via NASA GSFC (Goddard Space Flight Center) NSSDCA (NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive) @ https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/uraniansatfact.html
Available via NASA GSFC (Goddard Space Flight Center) NSSDCA (NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive) @ https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/uraniansatfact.html
Williams, David "Dave" R. "Uranus Rings Fact Sheet." NSSDCA (NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive) > Solar System Exploration > Uranus > Uranian Rings Fact Sheet. Last updated Oct. 14, 2015.
Available via NASA GSFC (Goddard Space Flight Center) NSSDCA (NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive) @ https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/uranringfact.html
Available via NASA GSFC (Goddard Space Flight Center) NSSDCA (NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive) @ https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/uranringfact.html
Zendexor. "Uranus." Solar System Heritage > Our Solar System > Uranus and Its Moons.
Available @ https://www.solarsystemheritage.com/uranus.html
Available @ https://www.solarsystemheritage.com/uranus.html
No comments:
Post a Comment
Note: Only a member of this blog may post a comment.