Saturday, Oct. 14, 2023, Annular Solar Eclipse Belongs to Saros 134

Summary: The Saturday, Oct. 14, 2023, annular solar eclipse belongs to Saros cycle 134, a series of 71 similar solar eclipses.

Partial solar eclipse of June 22, 1248, opened Saros solar series 134’s lineup of 71 solar eclipses: "Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment: Eclipse predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA’s GSFC) and Jean Meeus," via NASA Eclipse Web Site

The Saturday, Oct. 14, 2023, annular solar eclipse belongs to Saros cycle 134, which comprises 71 solar eclipses with similar geometries.

The primarily Americas-set annular solar eclipse begins as with partiality at 15:03:50 Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), according to the Time and Date website's post, "October 14, 2023 -- Great American Eclipse (Annular Solar Eclipse)." Greatest eclipse, which designates the instant of the closest passage of the lunar shadow cone's axis to Earth's center, takes place at 17:59:27 UTC (1:59:27 p.m. EDT), according to eclipse predictions by Fred Espenak in "Besselian Elements -- Annular Solar Eclipse of 2023 October 14," on the NASA Eclipse Web Site. The event's annular component runs for 3 hours, 38 minutes and 50 seconds, from 16:10:11 UTC until 19:49:01 UTC. The completion of partiality at 20:55:16 UTC signals the eclipse's end, after a duration of 5 hours, 51 minutes and 26 seconds.

October 2023's annular solar eclipse numbers as 44 in the lineup of 71 solar eclipses membered in Saros series 134. The cycle's exhibition of similar geometries unite the 71 solar eclipses into a family, known as a series.

The shared geometry of Saros series 134 solar eclipses emphasizes occurrence at the moon's descending node. The descending node pairs with an ascending node to signal the two intersection's of Earth's and the moon's orbits. The ascending node pertains to the lunar orbital crossing to the north of Earth's orbit. The descending node appertains to the lunar orbital crossing to the south of Earth's orbit.

Each subsequent eclipse in Saros 134 displays northward movement from the descending node, as explained by Fred Espenak in "Saros Series 134" on the NASA Eclipse Web Site. A partial solar eclipse in the Southern Hemisphere on June 22, 1248, ushered the series. Saros 134 will terminate with a partial solar eclipse in the Northern Hemisphere on Wednesday, Aug. 6, 2510.

Saros 134 encompasses the 13th through 26 centuries. Its duration totals 1,262.11 years.

The Saros cycle of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours) sets the periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses in each Saros series. Eighteen years elapse between each of the 71 members of Saros 134.

Partial solar eclipses configure the opening and closing of every Saros solar series. Saros series 134 solar eclipses sequence as 10 opening partials, eight totals, 16 hybrids, 30 annulars and seven concluding partials.

Annular solar eclipses dominate Saros 134 as the most frequent eclipse type, with 30 occurrences, in the series. Partial solar eclipses, the second-most eclipse type in Saros 134, account for 17 of the 71-member series. Hybrid solar eclipses rank as the third most frequent, with 16 appearances. Total solar eclipses occupy fourth place, with eight instances.

The partial solar eclipse of June 22, 1248, opened Saros solar series 134. This Southern Hemisphere event occurred in the South Pacific Ocean, north of West Antarctica.

The partial solar eclipse of Wednesday, Aug. 6, 2510, will close Saros solar series 134. This Northern Hemisphere event will take place in northeastern North America and will include northeastern Canada and southern Greenland.

Annular solar eclipse of Monday, July 8, 1861, opened Saros 134 cycle's set of annular eclipses and numbered as 35th in the cycle's 71-member lineup: "Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment: Eclipse predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA’s GSFC) and Jean Meeus," via NASA Eclipse Web Site

Numbering as 35 in the 71-member Saros 134 cycle, the annular solar eclipse of Monday, July 8, 1861, opened the set of 30 annular solar eclipses to which the Saturday, Oct. 14, 2023, belongs. The path of annularity's trek across the eastern Indian Ocean and the northern and southern Pacific Ocean availed visibility to Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. The eclipse's partial portion extended southward to much of Australia, New Zealand and the Southern Ocean and northward through southeastern Asia to East Asia.

Annular solar eclipse of Monday, Oct. 3, 2005, preceded the Saturday, Oct. 14, 2023, eclipse as the ninth member in Saros 134 cycle's annnular set and numbered as 43rd in the cycle's 71-member lineup: "Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment: Eclipse predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA’s GSFC) and Jean Meeus," via NASA Eclipse Web Site

An annular eclipse on Monday, Oct. 3, 2005, preceded the October 2023 annular eclipse as the set's ninth member and as 43rd in the lineup of 71 solar eclipses in Saros 134. The path of annularity in October 2005 commenced in the North Atlantic Ocean, traversed the northwestern to central Iberian Peninsula, crossed the western Mediterranean Sea, journeyed from North to East Africa via Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Chad, Sudan, Ethiopia, Kenya and Somalia, and ended in the southern Indian Ocean. The path of partiality's northern perimeter stretched from the Arctic Ocean across western Russia into Central and East Asia. Its southern border spanned the North Atlantic Ocean to the southeastern Atlantic Ocean, crossing Southern Africa at southern Namibia and South Africa's Northern Cape and East Cape provinces to finish in the southern Indian Ocean.

Annular solar eclipse of Friday, Oct. 25, 2041, succeeds the Saturday, Oct. 14, 2023, eclipse as the 11th member in Saros 134 cycle's annnular set and numbers as 45th in the cycle's 71-member lineup: "Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment: Eclipse predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA’s GSFC) and Jean Meeus," via NASA Eclipse Web Site

An annular eclipse on Friday, Oct. 25, 2041, succeeds the Saturday, Oct. 14, 2023 annular eclipse as the annular set's 11th member as 45th in the Saros 134 lineup. The path of annularity in October 2041 begins in the Northern Hemisphere in East Asia's Mongolia, passes through China and North Korea, treks across the Sea of Japan and central Japan to traverse the North Pacific Ocean and dip into the Southern Hemisphere's South Pacific Ocean before ending in the Pacific Ocean's equatorial waters. The event's path of partiality establishes its northern perimeter across western Alaska and its wider southern reach from the northeastern Indian Ocean southeastward across portions of continental and maritime Southeast Asia, the South China Sea, northeastern Australia's Queensland to its end in the South Pacific Ocean.

Annular solar eclipse of Monday, May 21, 2384, closes Saros 134 cycle's 30-member annular set and numbers as the 64th member in the cycle's 71-member lineup: "Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment: Eclipse predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA’s GSFC) and Jean Meeus," via NASA Eclipse Web Site

An annular eclipse on Monday, May 21, 2384, closes the Saros 134 cycle's annular set as its 30th member and as the cycle's 64th event. The Northern Hemisphere event favors the Arctic Ocean and extends its southern perimeter from the northwestern Indian Ocean across portions of South and East Asia to the North Pacific Ocean.

Saros cycle 134 ends with a partial solar eclipse on Wednesday, Aug. 6, 2510. The 71st member of Saros 134 favors Greenland and Canada's provinces of Newfoundland and Labrador, Nunavut and Quebec.

Partial solar eclipse of Wednesday, Aug. 6, 2510, closes Saros 134 cycle's 71-member lineup: "Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment: Eclipse predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA’s GSFC) and Jean Meeus," via NASA Eclipse Web Site

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Dedication

This post is dedicated to the memory of our beloved blue-eyed brother, Charles, who guided the creation of the Met Opera and Astronomy posts on Earth and Space News. We memorialized our brother in "Our Beloved Blue-Eyed Brother, Charles, With Whom We Are Well Pleased," published on Earth and Space News on Thursday, Nov. 18, 2021, an anniversary of our beloved father's death.

Image credits:

Partial solar eclipse of June 22, 1248, opened Saros solar series 134’s lineup of 71 solar eclipses: "Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment: Eclipse predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA’s GSFC) and Jean Meeus," via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/1201-1300/1248-06-22.gif

Annular solar eclipse of Monday, July 8, 1861, opened Saros 134 cycle's set of annular eclipses and numbered as 35th in the cycle's 71-member lineup: "Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment: Eclipse predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA’s GSFC) and Jean Meeus," via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/1801-1900/1861-07-08.gif

Annular solar eclipse of Monday, Oct. 3, 2005, preceded the Saturday, Oct. 14, 2023, eclipse as the ninth member in Saros 134 cycle's annnular set and numbered as 43rd in the cycle's 71-member lineup: "Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment: Eclipse predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA’s GSFC) and Jean Meeus," via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/2001-2100/2005-10-03.gif

Annular solar eclipse of Friday, Oct. 25, 2041, succeeds the Saturday, Oct. 14, 2023, eclipse as the 11th member in Saros 134 cycle's annnular set and numbers as 45th in the cycle's 71-member lineup: "Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment: Eclipse predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA’s GSFC) and Jean Meeus," via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/2001-2100/2041-10-25.gif

Annular solar eclipse of Monday, May 21, 2384, closes Saros 134 cycle's 30-member annular set and numbers as the 64th member in the cycle's 71-member lineup: "Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment: Eclipse predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA’s GSFC) and Jean Meeus," via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/2301-2400/2384-05-21.gif

Partial solar eclipse of Wednesday, Aug. 6, 2510, closes Saros 134 cycle's 71-member lineup: "Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment: Eclipse predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA’s GSFC) and Jean Meeus," via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/2501-2600/2510-08-06.gif

For further information:

Espenak, Fred. "Annular 1861 Jul 08." NASA Eclipse Web Site > Solar Eclipses > Solar Eclipse Catalogs > Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses > Catalog of Solar Eclipses > Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses: 2001 to 2100.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/1801-1900/1861-07-08.gif

Espenak, Fred. "Annular 2005 Oct 03." NASA Eclipse Web Site > Solar Eclipses > Solar Eclipse Catalogs > Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses > Catalog of Solar Eclipses > Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses: 2001 to 2100.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/2001-2100/2005-10-03.gif

Espenak, Fred. "Annular 2041 Oct 25." NASA Eclipse Web Site > Solar Eclipses > Solar Eclipse Catalogs > Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses > Catalog of Solar Eclipses > Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses: 2001 to 2100.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/2001-2100/2041-10-25.gif

Espenak, Fred. "Annular 2384 May 21." NASA Eclipse Web Site > Solar Eclipses > Solar Eclipse Catalogs > Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses > Catalog of Solar Eclipses > Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses: 2001 to 2100.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/2301-2400/2384-05-21.gif

Espenak, Fred. "Annular Solar Eclipse of 2023 Oct 14." EclipseWise > Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 134.
Available via EclipseWise @ https://www.eclipsewise.com/solar/SEprime/2001-2100/SE2023Oct14Aprime.html

Espenak, Fred. “Eclipses and the Saros.” NASA Eclipse Web Site > Solar Eclipses > Solar Eclipse Catalogs > Saros Catalog of Solar Eclipses: Saros 0-180.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsaros/SEsaros.html

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Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/1201-1300/1248-06-22.gif

Espenak, Fred. "Partial 2510 Aug 06." NASA Eclipse Web Site > Solar Eclipses > Solar Eclipse Catalogs > Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses > Catalog of Solar Eclipses > Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses: 2001 to 2100.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/2501-2600/2510-08-06.gif

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