Ellora Jain Cave 34 Appears Last and Least Ancient of Five Jain Caves

Summary: Ellora Jain Cave 34 alerts cave temple admirers to the last and the least ancient of the Ellora Caves in Maharashtra, India.

view of Ellora Jain Cave 34; Tuesday, Sep. 6, 2016: Anupamg, CC BY SA 4.0 International, via Wikimedia Commons

Ellora Jain Cave 34 accepts architectural and artistic accolades as the least accessible and ancient of the 34 800- to 1,600-year-old Buddhist, Hindu, Jain Ellora Caves of Maharashtra state, western peninsular India.

Itinerant artisans and monks began Ellora Jain Cave 34 in the ninth and tenth centuries, 50 to 100-plus years after the four bordering Ellora Jain Caves. It contains an architectural configuration more common to the Buddhist Ajanta Caves 60 miles (96.59 kilometers) away than to Ellora Jain Caves 30, 31 and 32. It differs from Ellora Jain Caves 30, 32 and 33 in divulging no monikers and from the former two in demanding inter-cavern interior, not exterior, access.

Ellora Jain Cave 34 exhibits Hindu elements in its cave temple architecture and mythology and Jain elements in its enshrined emphases upon two eminent ascetic thinkers.

Itinerant artisans and monks furnished no direct access to Ellora Jain cave 34 along the 1.23-mile- (2-kilometer-) long scarp that features Buddhist, Hindu and Jain caves.

Only Ellora Jain Cave 33 gets exterior entry and exit onto the Ellora Jain Caves scarp and interior entry and exit with Ellora Jain Cave 34. Ellora Jain Cave 34, like Ellora Hindu Cave 25 and Ellora Jain Cave 30, has a lotus-flower ceiling design that harkens to Buddhist and Hindu mythology. The Lord of the Universe impelled from his navel a lotus -flowered (Nelumbo nucifera) initiation of Hindu creator god Brahma's (from Sanskrit ब्रह्म, "to grow") immaculate self-conception.

Siddhartha Gautama (from Sanskrit सिद्धार्थ, "successful" and गोतम, "darkness-dispelling light") journeyed within seven years from his native Sakya kingdom as a 29-year-old to the Magadha countryside.

Siddhartha Gautama (624?-544 B.C.E.?) knew enlightenment as Gautama Buddha (from Sanskrit बुद्ध, "awakened") after 28 days atop a lotus pad under a bodhi (Ficus religiosa) tree.

Two-and-one-half days under an asoka (Saraca asoca) tree led Vardhamana (599/539?-527/467? B.C.E., from Sanskrit वर्धमान, "prosperous") to live enlightened as Mahavira (from Sanskrit महावीर, "warrior"). The ever-revolving Jain universal timekeeping wheel merges every six ever-improving, upward-coursing Utsarpini (from Sanskrit उत्सर्पिणी, "ascending") with six downward-coursing, ever-worsening Avasarpini (from Sanskrit अवसर्पिणी, "descending") motions. Downward and upward-coursing navigations each net 24 Tirthankara (from Sanskrit र्थंकर, "ford-maker") thinkers, of whom Mahavira nestles as 24th into the sixth age of nowaday's down-turning navigation.

Ellora Jain Cave 34 observes Bahubali (from Sanskrit बाहुबलि, "more" and बल, "strength") as son of first Tirthankara Rishabhadeva (from Sanskrit ऋषभ, "bull" and देव, "deity").

Two flywhiskers; and yaksha and yakshini (from Sanskrit यक्ष, "male ghost," and यक्षिणी, "female ghost") present 23rd Tirthankara Parshvanatha (from Sanskrit पार्श्व, "near" and नाथ, "lord").

Ellora Jain Cave 34 queues up a bearded bearer of a pindon rice ball ladden sweetmeat offering, perhaps for the shraddhu (from Sanskrit श्रद्धा, "trust") ceremony. Hindu storm god Indra (from Sanskrit इण्ड्र, "raindrop-possessing") rules 16-heaven kalpa (from Sanskrit कल्प, "4,320,000,000-solar-sidereal-year-long [day-night]"), 14-heaven kalpathitha (from Sanskrit कल्प, "4,320,000,000-solar-sidereal-year-long" and हित, "beneficial") upperworlds. The supreme Siddha Sila (from Sanskrit सिद्ध, "accomplished" and शील, "virtue") upperworld solely sustains as omniscient, perfect freed souls Tirthankara separated from karmic births and rebirths.

Ellora Jain Cave 34 tells nothing about the legs-like lowerworld of torturer deities and demons or the trunk-like upperworld and something about eight-continent, eight-ocean, waist-like middleworld.

Ellora Jain Cave 34 depicts the 23rd Tirthankara with two female attendants; Saturday, Sep. 3, 2016: Anupamg, CC BY SA 4.0 International, via Wikimedia Commons

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

view of Ellora Jain Cave 34; Tuesday, Sep. 6, 2016: Anupamg, CC BY SA 4.0 International, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ellora_Caves_95.jpg

Ellora Jain Cave 34 depicts the 23rd Tirthankara with two female attendants; Saturday, Sep. 3, 2016: Anupamg, CC BY SA 4.0 International, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ellora_Caves_268.jpg

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