Earth and Space News: No Awapuhiakanaloa Hawaiian Orchids Abate Sudden Death on NCIS: Hawai'i

Summary: No awapuhiakanaloa Hawaiian orchids abate Sudden Death, season 2 episode 5 Monday, Oct. 17, 2022, on police procedural television series NCIS: Hawai'i.

No awapuhiakanaloa Hawaiian orchids (from Hawaiian ‘awapuhi a Kanaloa, “ginger of [oceans god] Kanaloa”) abate Sudden Death, season 2 episode 5 Monday, Oct. 17, 2022, on police procedural television series NCIS: Hawai'i.

The 27th episode overall, directed by Tawnia McKiernan and written by Yalun Tu, boasts “orchid for condolences” over Ben Ioane, high-school football star and Petty Officer. Awapuhiakanaloa Hawaiian orchids comprise, with Hawaiian bog orchids and Hawaiian jewel orchids, the only three endemic (from Greek ἐν δῆμος, “in [one’s own] people”) Hawaiian orchids. Wild islands domicile the Tracheophyte, Angiosperm and Monocot (from Greek τραχεῖα ἀρτηρία φυτά, “windpipe plants”; ἀγγεῖον σπέρμα, “container seed”; μόνος κοτυληδών, “single cup-shaped cavity”) clade member.

Habitat destruction emperils the Asparagales order and Orchidaceae family (from Greek ἀσπάραγος, "asparagus" and Latin -ālis, “-related”; Greek ὄρχις, “genital-shaped tuber” and Latin -āceae, “resembling”) member.

Awapuhiakanaloa Hawaiian orchids accustom their fertile, high- or low-elevation, moist ambiences to unassuming flowers that achieve amazing, sunlit auras in low-light boggy, woody wetlands. They acquire, May through November, 3 to 15 or 20 brown-green, green-white flowers on maximally 16-inch- (40-centimeter-) tall inflorescences. They admit bottom-maintained, brown-green, downward-manifesting, modified petal-like, simple, unbranched, undivided, 0.39 to 0.47 inches (10 to 12 millimeters) long labella (from Latin labrum -ium “lip little”). They adorn lower-niching, hairless, stalked pedicels (from Latin pedīculus, “small foot”) with non-fused, 0.24- to 0.39-inch- (6- to 10-millimeter-) long sepals (from sēparātus petalum, “separate petal” via sēpalum); Saturday, Oct. 29, 2005, 09:50, image of Liparis hawaiensis flowers, Makawao Forest Reserve, Upcountry, north central Maui County: Forest & Kim Starr, CC BY 3.0 Unported, via Wikimedia Commons

Six islands feature the Orchidoideae (from Greek ὄρχις, “genital-shaped tuber”; Latin -oideae, “resembling”) subfamily member fashioned taxonomically by Horace Mann Jr. (Feb. 25, 1844-Nov. 11, 1868).

Ground-growing terrestrial or trunk-growing epiphytic Liparis hawaiensis (from Greek ἐπί φυτόν, “atop plant”; λιπαρός, “greasy, oily, shiny, sleek, smooth[-leafed]”; and Latin hawaiēnsis, “Hawaiian”) germinates seed capsules. The Epidendroideae subfamily and the Malaxidinae subtribe (from Greek επί δένδρον, “upon trees” and -οειδής, resembling”; and μαλακός ῖνος, “soft-made”) member hold seeds within fruit capsules. Outward-inclined, upward-indicating seed capsules inhabit 0.59- to 0.79-inch (15- to 20-millimeter) fruits of Hawaiian orchids, identified commonly as twayblade (from Old English twi-blæd, “double-leaf[ed]”) and wide-lipped.

No awahiakanaloa Hawaiian orchids, Leptorkis hawaiensis (from Greek λέπω -τός, “[I] peel-able”) per Carl Kuntze (June 23, 1843-Jan. 27, 1907), jubilate Sudden Death on NCIS: Hawai’i.

The months May through November kindle 3 to 15 or 20 brown-green, green-white flowers on inflorescences that keep maximum 16-inch (40-centimeter) heights and know sunlit glows.

Inflorescent racemes (from Latin in flōreō -scō, “in, I flower, to begin to”; and from racēmus, “berry, fruit, grape bunch, cluster”) lodge labella, petals and sepals. The bottom-maintained, brown-green, downward-manifesting, modified petal-like, simple, unbranched, undivided labellum (from Latin labrum -ium “lip little”) measures 0.39 to 0.47 inches (10 to 12 millimeters) long. Flower-niching, hairless, stalked pedicels (from Latin pedīculus, “small foot”) net non-fused, 0.24- to 0.39-inch- (6- to 10-millimeter-) long sepals (from sēparātus petalum, “separate petal” via sēpalum).

Awapuhiakanaloa Hawaiian orchids occur in wild Hawaii, Kauai, Lanai, Maui, Molokai and Oahu, not in Sudden Death on NCIS: Hawai’i, unless other mourners offer cultivated counterparts.

Basal-placed green bracts (from Latin bractea, “thin metal sheet”) and green, outer-positioned sepals on Hawaiian twayblade, wide-lip orchids protect backward-curved petals (from Greek πέτᾰλος, “broad, flat”).

Perhaps one-stamen (from Latin stāmen, “thread”) orchids quarter anther (from Greek ᾰ̓́νθος, “flower”) caps that queue semi-self-pollination with a pollen-queuing stigma (from Greek στίγμα, “brand, mark”). Two basal, egg-shaped, entire-edged, 1.58- to 8.66-inch (40- to 220-millimeter) by 0.79- to 3.15-inch (20- to 80-millimeter) leaves reinforce 1.97- to 15.75-inch (5- to 40-centimeter) stems. Non-nitrogen-solubilizing, slender-rooted, underground-stemmed rhizomes (from Greek ῥίζα -ωμα, “root mass”) survive humus- or moss-rich, high- or low-elevation, moist bogs, forests, shrublands, thickets, timber plantations and woodlands.

Sudden Death on NCIS: Hawai’i perhaps triggers all-thriving bamboo, Chinese ground and Philippine ground (Arundina bambusaefolia, Spathoglottis plicata, Phaius tankervilliae) orchids than wild-threatened amapuhiakanaloa Hawaiian orchids.

NCIS Special Agent Kai Holman (Alex Tarrant) and Special Agent-in-Charge Jane Tennant (Vanessa Lachey) with father-and-son pony-tailed Maleko Ioane (Branscombe Richmond) and Titus Ioane (Kainalu Moya) in "Sudden Death," season 2 episode 5 of American police procedural television series NCIS: Hawai'i: NCIS: Hawai'i @NCISHawaiiCBS, via Twitter Oct. 14, 2022

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

Upward- and outward-articulated seeds accompany the brown or green fruits of awapuhiakanaloa Hawaiian orchids. Oceans god Kanaloa’s ginger orchids accrue 0.59- to 0.79-inch (15- to 20-millimeter) fruits from flowering months from May through November. They accumulate epiphytically ((from Greek ἐπί φυτόν, “atop plant”) or terrestrially on moss-advantaged soils and trunks; Saturday, Oct. 29, 2005, 09:53, image of Liparis hawaiensis fruit, Makawao Forest Reserve, Upcountry, north central Maui County: Forest & Kim Starr, CC BY 3.0 Unported, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Starr_051030-5123_Liparis_hawaiensis.jpg; Forest Starr & Kim Starr, CC BY 4.0 International, via Starr Environmental @ http://www.starrenvironmental.com/images/image/?q=24220870484; Forest and Kim Starr (Starr Environmental), CC BY 2.0 Generic, via Flickr @ https://www.flickr.com/photos/starr-environmental/24220870484/

Basal, green, paired bracts (from Latin bractea, “thin metal sheet”) and green, outer-area sepals on Hawaiian twayblade, wide-lip orchids respectively affiliate with maximally 16-inch- (40-centimeter-) tall, pseudobulb-like stems and backward-curved petals (from Greek πέτᾰλος, “broad, flat”). Two-leaved pseudobulbs above-ground anticipate soil- or trunk-anchoring, non-nitrogen-solubilizing, slender-rooted, underground-stemmed rhizomes (from Greek ῥίζα -ωμα, “root mass”); Saturday, Oct. 29, 2005, 09:52, image of Liparis hawaiensis leaves, Makawao Forest Reserve, Upcountry, north central Maui County: Forest & Kim Starr, CC BY 3.0 Unported, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Starr_051030-5119_Liparis_hawaiensis.jpg; Forest Starr & Kim Starr, CC BY 4.0 International, via Starr Environmental @ http://www.starrenvironmental.com/images/image/?q=24731149912; Forest and Kim Starr (Starr Environmental), CC BY 2.0 Generic, via Flickr @ https://www.flickr.com/photos/starr-environmental/24731149912/

Awapuhiakanaloa Hawaiian orchids appreciate humus- or moss-rich, moist high or low elevations. They arise in bogs, forests, shrublands, thickets, timber plantations and woodlands. They assemble on wild Hawaii (from Hawaiian ha wai ‘i, “breath life-force supreme”), Kauai (from Hawaiian Kaua’i, “favorite place around one’s neck”), Lanai (from Hawaiian lā na’i, “day [of] conquest”), Maui (from Hawaiian god Māui), Molokai (from Hawaiian moloka’i, “gathering of ocean waters”) and Oahu (from Hawaiian o’ahu, “gathering place”); Saturday, Nov. 5, 2005, 09:53, image of Liparis hawaiensis habitat, Makawao Forest Reserve, Upcountry, north central Maui County: Forest & Kim Starr, CC BY 3.0 Unported, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Starr_051106-5205_Liparis_hawaiensis.jpg; Forest Starr & Kim Starr, CC BY 4.0 International, via Starr Environmental @ http://www.starrenvironmental.com/images/image/?q=24553825190; Forest and Kim Starr (Starr Environmental), CC BY 2.0 Generic, via Flickr @ https://www.flickr.com/photos/starr-environmental/24553825190/

"About Us." Liliha Bakery > Our Story. Copyrighted 2021.
Available @ https://www.lilihabakery.com/our-story

admin@pxp200.com. 20 November 2017. "Pani Popo -- Try this sticky, gooey Samoan treat." Brought to you by Food Blogger, Susan Cravens Kunz. Polynesian Cultural Center.
Available @ https://polynesia.com/blog/pani-popo-a-sticky-gooey-gotta-have-it-treat-from-samoa

"Aloha & Welcome to Honolulu Zoo." Honolulu Zoo > Visit.
Available @ https://www.honoluluzoo.org/visit-honolulu-zoo/

"Anoectochilus sandvicensis Lindl. Hawaiian Jeweled Orchid, Honohono." North American Orchid Conservation Center > Find an Orchid by Name. Copyrighted 2011-2023.
Available @ https://goorchids.northamericanorchidcenter.org/species/anoectochilus/sandvicensis/

Ashworth, Suzanna. 17 February 2011. "Henry Perrine Baldwin." Find a Grave > Memorials > Grave Memorial ID 65758240, citing Makawao Cemetery, Makawao, Maui County, Hawaii, USA; maintained by Keeper of the Stars (contributor 47216601).
Available @ https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/65758240/henry-perrine-baldwin

Bailey, Chris. 21 October 2008. "What's the Story Behind Hawaii's Flag?" Hawai'i Magazine. Copyright 2023 HAWAI'I Magazine.
Available @ https://www.hawaiimagazine.com/whats-the-story-behind-hawaiis-flag/

Beer, Amy-Jane. 2009. Tigers. Danbury CT: Grolier imprint, Scholastic Library Publishing.

"Biogeography of tropical terrestrial orchids and their mycorrhizal fungi." Hynson Lab > Research > Previous projects. Honolulu HI: Hynson Lab, Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawaii Manoa.
Available @ https://hynsonlab.com/research/

"Blind Curves." NCIS: Hawai'i. Los Angeles CA: CBS Studios, 26 September 2022.

"Boom." NCIS: Hawai'i. Los Angeles CA: CBS Studios, 27 September 2021.

Brandt, Sue R. 1992. "Hawaii: The Fiftieth State, 1959." Page 20. State Flags Including the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. New York (NY); Chicago (IL); London (England UK); Toronto (ON Canada); and Sydney (Australia).

Briggs, Mike and Peggy. 2006. "Tigers." Pages 152-175. In: Spirit of the Wild Cat. Bath, England UK: Paragon Publishing.

Brooks, Douglas. Fall 2014. "Japanese Wooden Boatbuilding: History and Traditions." Maritime Asia 19:2. Association for Asian Studies > Publications > Education About Asia > Archives > Education About Asia: Online Archives.
Available @ https://www.asianstudies.org/publications/eaa/archives/japanese-wooden-boatbuilding-history-and-traditions/

Bruegmann, M.M.; & V. Caraway. 2003. "Anoectochilus sandvicensis." The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species in 2003: e.T44091A10851106. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2003.RLTS.T44091A10851106.en.
Available @ https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/44091/10851106

Carr, Dr. Gerald (Gerry). "Liparis hawaiensis, 'awapuhiakanaloa, twayblade." University of Hawaii Department of Botany > Hawaiian Plants Access Page > Hawaiian Native Plant Genera > Orchidaceae > Liparis.
Available @ http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/carr/liparis.htm

CBR. 25 June 2019. "Anoectochilus sandvicensis." The University of Texas at Austin > Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center > Plant Database > Native Plants > Search Plants > Find Plants > Enter a Plant Name.
Available @ https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ANSA2

CBR. 25 June 2019. "Liparis hawaiensis." The University of Texas at Austin > Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center > Plant Database > Native Plants > Search Plants > Find Plants > Enter a Plant Name.
Available @ https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=LIHA2

Cheng, Martha. 26 December 2016. "6 Foods That Tell the Real Story of Hawaii." First We Feast > Features > Hawaii Food History.
Available @ https://firstwefeast.com/features/hawaii-food-history/

"Chief Ke-eaumoku ('Īo)." Geni > People > public profile. Copyrighted 2023.
Available @ https://www.geni.com/people/Chief-Ke%CA%BBeaumoku-%C4%AAo/6000000006915262116

Consilio, Kristen. 30 September 2010. "Construction of Safeway to start by end of 2010." Star Advertiser > Business. Copyrighted 2023.
Available @ https://www.staradvertiser.com/2010/09/30/business/construction-of-safeway-to-start-by-end-of-2010/

Cooper, Jason. 1997. "Siberian Tiger Cousins." Pages 18-19. In: Siberian Tiger: Giants Among Us. Vero Beach FL: Rourke Book Co., Inc.

Dana, James D. (Dwight). 1848. "2. Corallium Secundum. (Dana.)." In: Zoophytes. United States Exploring Expedition During the Years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842 Under the Command of Charles Wilkes, U.S.N. Philadelphia [Pa}: Lea and Blanchard 7: 641. "C. ramulosum, in plano expansum, polypis secundum, ad apice ramiculorum dispositis et sape binis; axe calcareo, levi, pallidè carneo aut albo, crustáque coccineá. "Ramulose, branching in a plane; polyps confined to one surface, mostly placed at the apex of very small branchlets and often in twos: axis calcareous, smooth, pale flesh-red or white, crust scarlet. "Plate 60, fig. 1, zoophyte, natural size. "This species is peculiar in having the branches arranged in a single plane, and the polyps confined to one surface. They open mostly at the extremities of slender calcareous processes. The only specimen seen by the author, was procured at the Sandwich Islands; but it may have been brought by shipping from some other locality. It is five inches high and eight broad, with the stem at base half an inch thick. The crust still remains dried on the axis and the right rays of the closed polyps may be easily distinguished."
Available via Biodiversity Heritage Library @ https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/18990139

Drysdale, Peter. 3 April 2012. "Georges Alexander McElroy De Souza Canavarro." Find a Grave > Memorials > Grave Memorial ID 88033632, citing Old Wye Episcopal Church Cemetery, Wye Mills, Talbot County, Maryland, USA; maintained by Peter Drysdale (contributor 46883597).
Available @ https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/88033632/georges-alexander_mcelroy-de_souza_canavarro

Engle, Erika. "Schuman Carriage to shut its doors." Honolulu Star-Bulletin > Archives. Copyrighted 2004.
Available @ https://archives.starbulletin.com/2004/09/29/news/story1.html

Gosline, W. A. 1952. A new atherinid fish of the genus Iso from the Hawaiian Islands. Pacific Science. 6: 47-50.

Gram. 17 January 2015. "Mrs Margaret Evaline Williams Rego." Find a Grave > Memorial page for Mrs Margaret Evaline Williams Rego (16 Apr 1916-18 Dec 2014) > Grave Memorial ID 141432448, citing Diamond Head Memorial Park, Honolulu, Honolulu County, Hawaii, USA. Maintained by Gram (contributor 47418868).
Available @ https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/141432448/margaret-evaline-rego

Gram. 16 May 2011. "Frank Leonard "Leonard" Rego." Find a Grave > Memorial page for Frank Leonard "Leonard" Rego (12 Sep 1915-6 Jun 1980) > Grave Memorial ID 69924158, citing Diamond Head Memorial Park, Honolulu, Honolulu County, Hawaii, USA. Maintained by Gram (contributor 47418868).
Available @ https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/69924158/frank-leonard-rego

"Gustavus Adolphus Schuman 1867-1930 (62 years)." Our Family History and Ancestry > Our Family Histories. Famille Morin site powered by The Next Generation of Genealogy Sitebuilding v. 13.0.3, written by Darrin Lythgoe. Maintained by Joel Morin. Last Modified 6 November 2020. Copyrighted 2001-2023.
Available @ http://tng.famille-morin.com/getperson.php?personID=I31124&tree=15sep2020&sitever=standard

"Haw. Code R. § 13-37-3 -- Permitted Activities." Cornell Law School > Legal Information Institute > State Regulations > Hawaii Code of Rules > Title 13 - Department of Land and Natural Resources > Subtitle 4 - Fisheries > Part I - Marine Life Conservation Districts > Chapter 37 - Old Kona Airport Marine Life Conservation District, Hawaii.
Available @ https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/hawaii/Haw-Code-R-SS-13-37-3

"Hawaii Bog Orchid (Platanthera holochila)." Center for Plant Conservation > Plant Profile > Platanthera holochila. Copyrighted 2020.
Available @ https://saveplants.org/plant-profile/3517/Platanthera-holochila/Hawaii-Bog-Orchid/

Hawaii State Data Center. Korean Population by County, Island and Census Tract in the State of Hawaii: 2010. Hawaii State Data Center Report Number 2010-7. Honolulu HI: State of Hawaii; Dept. of Business, Economic Development and Tourism; Research and Economic Analysis Division; Statistics and Data Support Branch, 2012.
Available @ https://files.hawaii.gov/dbedt/census/Census_2010/SF1/HSDC2010-7_Korean.pdf

"Hawaiian Name(s): nīoi." Bishop Museum > Hawaiian Ethnobotany Online Database. Copyrighted 2023.
Available @ http://data.bishopmuseum.org/ethnobotanydb/ethnobotany.php?b=d&ID=nioi

“Hawaiian surf sardine Iso hawaiiensis ‘Iao or Hawaiian silverside Atherinomorus insularum Nehu or Hawaiian anchovy Encrasicolina purpurea.” State of Hawai'i > Department of Land and Natural Resources > Wildlife > Files > Hawai'i’s State Wildlife Action Plan > Marine Fishes. Dated 1 October 2015 (Last Updated October 2005).
Available @ https://dlnr.hawaii.gov/wildlife/files/2019/03/SWAP-2015-Baitfish-Final.pdf

Hillebrand, William, M.D. 1888. "1. Holochila, sp. n." Page 432. In: Flora of the Hawaiian Islands: A Description of Their Phanerogams and Vascular Cryptogams. Annotated and Published After the Author's Death by W. F. Hillebrand. London [England UK]: Williams & Norgate; New York [NY USA]: B. Westermann & Co.; and Heidelberg [Germany]: Carl Winter, University-Bookseller.
Available @ https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15638532

"holokū. 1. n. A loose, seamed dress with a yoke and usually with a train, patterned after the Mother Hubbards of the missionaries. Cf. the muʻumuʻu, which formerly was not yoked and has no train or seam. Both garments are frequently made of gaily patterned material. 2. n. Cloak (Isa. 59.17), mantle (Hal. 109.29). 3. vs. Evenly plump, stout and symmetrical. Cf. kolopū, pahupū." Ulukau Hawaiian Electronic Library > Hawaiian Dictionaries > English to Hawaiian > Customize Search > enter a word > look it up.
Available @ https://wehewehe.org/gsdl2.85/cgi-bin/hdict?a=q&r=1&hs=1&m=-1&o=-1&qto=4&e=q-11000-00---off-0hdict--00-1----0-10-0---0---0direct-10-ED--4--textpukuielbert%252ctextmamaka%252ctextandrew%252ctextparker%252ctextchd-----0-1l--11-en-Zz-1---Zz-1-home-holok%25c5%25ab--00-4-1-00-0--4----0-0-11-00-0utfZz-8-00&q=holok%C5%AB&fqv=textpukuielbert%252ctextmamaka&af=1&fqf=ED#hero-bottom-banner

"Kamehameha the Great, king of Hawai'i. Geni > People > Surnames Index > Find discussions, information, and profiles for any last name > Search surnames > Nauku Genealogy and Nauku Family History Information. Copyrighted 2023.
Available @ https://www.geni.com/people/Kamehameha-the-Great-king-of-Hawai-i/6000000006914002194

Kashinsky, L. 1997. "Platanthera holochila Hawai'i Bog Orchid." Rev. 2014 by A. Treher. NatureServe Explorer > Search for species and ecosystems > Species. Page last published March 3, 2023.
Available @ https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.158488/Platanthera_holochila

Kathy. 21 August 2020. "The Canoe Plants of Hawaii." Onolicious Hawai'i > Hawaii Life.
Available @ https://onolicioushawaii.com/canoe-plants/

Kay, Peter. "Long-Spined Venomous Sea Urchins." Hawaii's Dangerus Ocean Critters.
Available @ https://www.livinginhawaii.com/hawaiis-dangerous-ocean-critters/

Kim, Alice. "Ford Cars in Hawaii." Hawai'i Digital Newspaper Project > Historical Feature Articles.
Available @ https://sites.google.com/a/hawaii.edu/ndnp-hawaii/Home/historical-feature-articles/ford-cars-in-hawaii

Kim, Alice. "Locomobiles in Hawaii." Hawai'i Digital Newspaper Project > Historical Feature Articles.
Available @ https://sites.google.com/a/hawaii.edu/ndnp-hawaii/Home/historical-feature-articles/locomobiles

Knight, David Blewster. 9 September 2014. "Edward Davies Tenney." Find a Grave > Memorials > Grave Memorial ID 135648071, citing O'ahu Cemetery, Honolulu, Honolulu County, Hawaii, USA; maintained by David Blewster Knight (contributor 47958606).
Available @ https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/135648071/edward-davies-tenney

Knight, David Blewster. 4 June 2013. "Ben Hollinger." Find a Grave > Memorials > Grave Memorial ID 111785751, citing O'ahu Cemetery, Honolulu, Honolulu County, Hawaii, USA; maintained by David Blewster Knight (contributor 47958606).
Available @ https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/111785751/ben-hollinger

Koppelman, Robert; and Stan Klein. 2021. "Hawaii's Coinage 1847-1883." CoinSite.
Available @ https://coinsite.com/hawaii-coinage-1847-1883/

"Kua-kini." Ulukau: The Hawaiian Electronic Library > Ulukau Collections > Hawaiian Dictionaries > enter a word.
Available in English @ https://wehewehe.org/gsdl2.85/cgi-bin/hdict?e=d-11000-00---off-0hdict--00-1----0-10-0---0---0direct-10-ED--4-------0-1lpp--11-haw-Zz-1---Zz-1-home-Kuakini--00-3-1-00-0--4----0-0-11-00-0utfZz-8-00&d=D86777&l=en

Kuo, Michael. July 2020. "Inonotus obliquus." MushroomExpert.Com Web site > Major Groups > Polypores.
Available @ http://www.mushroomexpert.com/inonotus_obliquus.html

"Kupua." Ulukau: The Hawaiian Electronic Library > Ulukau Collections > Hawaiian Dictionaries > enter a word.
Available in English @ https://wehewehe.org/gsdl2.85/cgi-bin/hdict?e=d-11000-00---off-0hdict--00-1----0-10-0---0---0direct-10-ED--4-------0-1lp0--11-haw-Zz-1---Zz-1-home-kupua--00-3-1-00-0--4----0-0-11-00-2utfZz-8-00&d=D74664&l=en

"Legacy." NCIS: Hawai'i. Los Angeles CA: CBS Studios, July 25, 2022; Jan. 31, 2022; Nov. 29, 2021.

Leonhardt, Kenneth W.; and Glenn I. Teves. April 2002. "Pikake: A Fragrant-Flowered Plant for Landscapes and Lei Production." In: Ornamentals and Flowers OF-29: 1-4. Mānoa, Honolulu City and County, O'ahu County, Hawai'i: Cooperative Extension Service, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa.
Available @ https://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/oc/freepubs/pdf/of-29.pdf

Lessios, H. A.; B. D. Kessing; and J. S. Pearse. 1 May 2001. "Population Structure And Speciation In Tropical Seas: Global Phylogeography Of The Sea Urchin Diadema." Evolution 55(5): 955-975. https://doi.org/10.1554/0014-3820(2001)055[0955:PSASIT]2.0.CO;2. Received 25 May 2000; Accepted 1 December 2000; Published 1 May 2001.
Available @ https://bioone.org/journals/evolution/volume-55/issue-5/0014-3820_2001_055_0955_PSASIT_2.0.CO_2/POPULATION-STRUCTURE-AND-SPECIATION-IN-TROPICAL-SEAS--GLOBAL-PHYLOGEOGRAPHY/10.1554/0014-3820(2001)055[0955:PSASIT]2.0.CO;2.short

Letman, Jon (Ed.) "A New Place to Experience the Ancient Story of Canoe Plants in McBryde Garden." National Tropical Botanical Garden > News > Exploring Hawaiian Life Through Canoe Plants.
Available @ https://ntbg.org/news/exploring-hawaiian-life-through-canoe-plants/#:~:text=At%20the%20heart%20of%20the,voyagers%20to%20reach%20the%20islands.

liliha." Ulukau Hawaiian Electronic Library > Hawaiian Dictionaries > English to Hawaiian > Customize Search > enter a word > look it up.
Available @ https://wehewehe.org/gsdl2.85/cgi-bin/hdict?d=&l=en&e=q-11000-00---off-0hdict--00-1----0-10-0---0---0direct-10-ED--4--textpukuielbert%2Ctextmamaka-----0-1l--11-en-Zz-1---Zz-1-home-liliha--00-3-1-00-0--4----0-0-11-00-0utfZz-8-00

"Liparis hawaiensis H. Mann Awapuhiakanaloa, Hawaiian Twayblade." North American Orchid Conservation Center > Find an Orchid by Name. Copyrighted 2011-2023.
Available @ https://goorchids.northamericanorchidcenter.org/species/liparis/hawaiensis/

Macdonald-Kainoa, Liana. 9 December 2020. "Mōʻike: Dream Interpretation." 'Akahiao Nature Institute > Blog > [Page] 3 [of 4].
Available @ https://www.akahiao.org/single-post/m%C5%8D%CA%BBike-dream-interpretation

Margrave, Kathy. 31 January 2009. "Francisco Jose Testa." Find a Grave > Memorials > Grave Memorial ID 33416689, citing O'ahu Cemetery, Honolulu, Honolulu County, Hawaii, USA; maintained by Kathy Margrave (contributor 46545595).
Available @ https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/33416689/francisco-j_-testa

"Marine Life Profile: Long-Spined Venomous Sea Urchins." Honolulu HI: Education Department, Waikīkī Aquarium, University of Hawai'i-Mānoa. Dated 9 September.
Available via Wayback Machine @ https://web.archive.org/web/20120611055143/http://www.waquarium.org/_library/images/education/marinelifeprofiles/wana0909.pdf

Markle, Sandra. 2003. Outside and Inside Big Cats. New York NY: Atheneum Books for Young Readers.

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 October 2022. "Liliha Bakery Cream Puffs Antidote Primal Fear on NCIS: Hawai’i." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/10/liliha-bakery-cream-puffs-antidote.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 25 September 2022 "Hawaiian Fords Never Accelerated on Blind Curves Like on NCIS: Hawai’i." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/09/hawaiian-fords-never-accelerated-on.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 September 2022. "Ancient Rituals Add No One Indian Jasmine at Sanchi Buddhist Monuments." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/09/ancient-rituals-add-no-one-indian.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 2 September 2022. "Indian Jasmine Aids Ancient Rituals at Sanchi Buddhist Monuments." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/09/indian-jasmine-aids-ancient-rituals-at.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 January 2022. "Mokauea Island Actualizes What Legacy on NCIS: Hawai’i Attempts to Add." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2022/01/mokauea-island-actualizes-what-legacy.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 November 2021. "Kalama Valley Antedates the Legacy NCIS: Hawai’i Aspires to Archive." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/11/kalama-valley-antedates-legacy-ncis.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 September 2021. "Illegal Explosives Add Noise Pollution to NCIS: Hawai’i Episode Boom." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/09/illegal-explosives-add-noise-pollution.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 August 2020. "Hinahina Beach Heliotrope Abhors Bombs on Magnum’s Nowhere to Hide." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/08/hinahina-beach-heliotrope-abhors-bombs.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 8 February 2020. "He'e Makoko Hawaiian Octopuses Are Like Five-0's He Waha Kou O Ka He'e." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2020/02/hee-makoko-hawaiian-octopuses-are-like.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 24 November 2019. "Ka'upu Black-Footed Albatrosses Avert Magnum's A Bullet Named Fate." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/11/kaupu-black-footed-albatrosses-avert.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 April 2019. "Laysan Albatrosses: Earth Day 2019, Five-0 Season 9 Episode 22 Icons." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/04/laysan-albatrosses-earth-day-2019-five.html

"Meat Jun." Nowfeed.me. Blog powered by Word Press. Posted 28 May 2011.
Available @ https://web.archive.org/web/20121116152729/http://nowfeed.me/2011/05/meat-jun/

National Geographic. 2009. "Hidden Hawaii: National Parks Collection." New York NY: National Geographic Channel; and Burbank CA: Warner Brothers Home Video.

NCIS: Hawai'i's Boom (season 1, episode 2), directed by Larry Teng and produced by Jan Nash and Christopher Silber: NCIS: Hawai'i @NCISHawaiiCBS, via Facebook Sep. 25, 2021, @ https://www.facebook.com/NCISHawaiiCBS/videos/278071637448988/

NCIS: Hawai'i's Boom (season 1, episode 2): NCIS: Hawai'i @NCISHawaiiCBS, via Facebook Sep. 24, 2021, @ https://www.facebook.com/NCISHawaiiCBS/posts/229743825866584/?type=3&theater/

"Nightwatch." NCIS: Hawai'i. Los Angeles CA: CBS Studios, May 2, 2022.

"1982 King Kalakaua Silver Kala Dala - First Day of Issue." Royal Hawaiian Mint > Issues by Year > 1980-1984.
Available @ https://www.royalhawaiianmint.com/issues-by-year/1980-1984-issues/1982-king-kalakaua-kala-dala-first-day-of-issue.html

Noise Reference Manual. Big Island Edition, July 2017. Originally developed 03/2001 by the Oahu Noise Advisory Committee. Aiea HI: State Department of Health, Indoor and Radiological Health Branch, Noise Section.
Available @ https://health.hawaii.gov/irhb/files/2013/07/noiserefbi.pdf

Noise Reference Manual. Kauai Edition, July 2017. Originally developed 03/2001 by the Oahu Noise Advisory Committee. Aiea HI: State Department of Health, Indoor and Radiological Health Branch, Noise Section.
Available @ https://health.hawaii.gov/irhb/files/2013/07/noiserefkauai.pdf

Noise Reference Manual. Maui Edition, July 2017. Originally developed 03/2001 by the Oahu Noise Advisory Committee. Aiea HI: State Department of Health, Indoor and Radiological Health Branch, Noise Section.
Available @ https://health.hawaii.gov/irhb/files/2013/07/noiserefmaui.pdf

Noise Reference Manual. Oahu Edition, July 2017. Originally developed 03/2001 by the Oahu Noise Advisory Committee. Aiea HI: State Department of Health, Indoor and Radiological Health Branch, Noise Section.
Available @ https://health.hawaii.gov/irhb/files/2017/08/noiserefoahu.pdf

"Nurture." NCIS: Hawai'i. Los Angeles CA: CBS Studios, 18 April 2022.

Obungen, Thomas. 23 October 2019. "Readers Poll: Here's Your Top 5 Meat Jun on O'ahu." Honolulu Magazine > Frolic Hawai'i > Top 5 > (Page) 2.
Available @ https://www.honolulumagazine.com/you-voted-heres-your-top-5-meat-jun/

Ogle, Y. 22 July 1987. "Anoectochilus sandvicensis Hawai'i Jeweled Orchid." NatureServe Explorer > Search Species. Page Last Published 3 March 2023.
Available @ https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.145115/Anoectochilus_sandvicensis

Options for the Establishment of a Koreatown in the City and County of Honolulu: A Report to the Hawaii State Legislature in Response to H.C.R. 169, Twenty-Sixth Legislature, 2012. Honolulu HI: Office of Planning, Department of Business, Economic Development & Tourism, State of Hawaii, December 2013.
Available @ https://files.hawaii.gov/dbedt/op/czm/final_koreatown_report.pdf

"Pao Doce & Other Bread." Leonard's Hawaii > Menu.
Available @ https://www.leonardshawaii.com/menu/

"Peristylus holochila (Hillebr.) N. Hallé. Hawaiian Bog Orchid." North American Orchid Conservation Center > Go Orchids > Find an Orchid by Name. Copyrighted 2011-2023.
Available @ https://goorchids.northamericanorchidcenter.org/species/peristylus/holochila/

"Peristylus holochila (Hillebr.) N. Hallé 1980." Orchidspecies.com.
Available @ http://www.orchidspecies.com/periholochila.htm

Phillipson, Cheryl; Lauren Weisenberger; and Megan Laut. 23 September 2021. "Platanthera holochila (No common name)." U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service > Species > Find a Species > Search by scientific/common name > Hawai'i Bog Orchid > Information & Media > Items 1-10 of 42 > Platanthera holochila 5-yr review 2014 > 5-Year Review. Short Form Summary. Species Review.
Available @ https://ecos.fws.gov/docs/tess/species_nonpublish/3557.pdf

"pī.kake." Ulukau Hawaiian Electronic Library > Hawaiian Dictionaries > English to Hawaiian > Customize Search > enter a word > look it up.
Available @ https://wehewehe.org/gsdl2.85/cgi-bin/hdict?a=q&r=1&hs=1&m=-1&o=-1&qto=4&e=d-11000-00---off-0hdict--00-1----0-10-0---0---0direct-10-ED--4--textpukuielbert%252ctextmamaka-----0-1l--11-en-Zz-1---Zz-1-home-Kohala--00-4-1-00-0--4----0-0-11-00-0utfZz-8-00&q=pikake&fqv=textpukuielbert%252ctextmamaka&af=1&fqf=ED#hero-bottom-banner

"Pirates." NCIS: Hawai'i. Los Angeles CA: CBS Studios, 7 March 2022.

"Platanthera holochila. State of Hawaii > Department of Land and Natural Resources > Division of Forestry and Wildlife > Learn > Learn About Species, Conservation Topics, And Places > Meet the Species > Rare Native Plant Species > Hawai'i's Rare Native Plants > Rare Plant Species > Rare plant fact sheets from the State Wildlife Action Plan. Dated September 2013.
Available @ https://dlnr.hawaii.gov/wildlife/files/2013/09/Fact-Sheet-Platanthera-holochila.pdf

"Primal Fear." NCIS: Hawai'i. Los Angeles CA: CBS Studios, 10 October 2022.

"Prisoners' Dilemma." NCIS: Hawai'i. Los Angeles CA: CBS Studios, Sep. 19, 2022.

Pukui, Mary Kawena; E.W. Haertig; and Catherine A. Lee. 2002. Chapter Four Moe 'Uhane, Hihi'o, A Me Hō'ailona: Dreams and Symbols." Pages 169-207. In: Nānā I Ke Kumu (Look to the Source). Volume II. Queen Lili'uokalani Children's Center Publication. Honolulu HI: Hui Hānai, 1979, 2001, 2002. First published, paperback and hardbound editions, 1979. Reprinted, paperback edition, 2001, 2002. Copyrighted 1972 by The Queen Lili'uokalani Children's Center, Lili'uokalani Trust.
Available @ https://puke.ulukau.org/ulukau-books/cgi-bin/imageserver.pl?oid=EBOOK-QLCC2&getpdf=true

Rock, Joseph F. 31 July 1920. "Revised List of Hawaiian Names of Plants Native and Introduced with Brief Descriptions and Notes as to Occurrence and Medicinal or Other Values." Transcribed and annotated by Samuel M. 'Ohukani'ōhi'a Gon III. In: Ethnobotany Research & Applications: A Journal of Plants, People, and Applied Research 6: 405-442. Published Dec. 23, 2008.
Available @ https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/42904aae-6834-4cbb-9acf-354ebc7587b4/content

Ryden, Hope. 1991. "Tiger." Pages 24-25. In: Your Cat's Wild Cousins. New York NY: Lodestar Books.

Seidensticker, Dr. John; and Dr. Susan Lumpkin. 1996. "Tiger." Pages 6-7. Cats and Wild Cats. Washington DC: National Geographic Society.

"Shield Volcanoes." National Park Service > Article > Volcano Types. Last updated 30 September 2022.
Available @ https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/shield-volcanoes.htm

Smith, David G.; Gerald R. Smith; and Paulo A. Buckup. 10 August 2021. "William Alonzo Gosline and the Classification of Fishes." Ichthyology & Herpetology 109(2): 643-655. https://doi.org/10.1643/t2020155.
Available @ https://meridian.allenpress.com/copeia/article-abstract/109/2/643/468541/William-Alonzo-Gosline-and-the-Classification-of?redirectedFrom=fulltext

Soehren, Lloyd. "Kuaokala." Ulukau: The Hawaiian Electronic Library > Ulukau Collections > Hawaiian Place Names > A B C D-E F-G H I J-K L M N O P Q-R S T U V W-Y > J-K. Copyrighted 2002-2019.
Available in English Text @ https://ulukau.org/cgi-bin/hpn?e=d-0hpn--00-0-0--010---4------0-0l--1haw-Zz-1---20-intro---00031-00110escapewin-00escapewin-00&a=d&p=intro&c=hpn&cl=CL2.8&d=HASH01865ff792f5498a9d5fc244&l=en
Available Kikokikona Hawaiʻi @ https://ulukau.org/cgi-bin/hpn?e=d-0hpn--00-0-0--010---4------0-0l--1en-Zz-1---20-intro---00031-00110escapewin-00escapewin-00&a=d&p=intro&c=hpn&cl=CL2.8&d=HASH01865ff792f5498a9d5fc244&l=haw

Soehren, Lloyd. "Puu Konahuanui." Ulukau: The Hawaiian Electronic Library > Ulukau Collections > Hawaiian Place Names > A B C D-E F-G H I J-K L M N O P Q-R S T U V W-Y > P. Copyrighted 2002-2019.
Available in English Text @ https://ulukau.org/cgi-bin/hpn?e=d-0hpn--00-0-0--010---4------0-0l--1haw-Zz-1---20-intro---00031-00110escapewin-00escapewin-00&a=d&p=intro&c=hpn&cl=CL2.13&d=HASH118d60d4e5bc828089555e&l=en

Spangler, Randall. "Hawaii Triggerfishes." Spanglers' Scuba > Marine Life > Hawaii > Fish > (31-40 of 42) > Triggerfishes. San Jose CA. Copyrighted 2013-2023.
Available @ https://scuba.spanglers.com/marine-life/hawaii/triggerfishes

"Stanley, Elizabeth. 2007. Tyger! Tyger! New York NY: Enchanted Lion Books.

Stender, Keoki & Yuko. "Long-Spined Urchin Wana." MarinelifePhotography.com > Invertebrates > Sea Urchins > Diadema paucispinum.
Available @ https://www.marinelifephotography.com/marine/echinoderms/urchins/diadema-paucispinum.htm

"Stolen Valor." NCIS: Hawai'i. Los Angeles CA: CBS Studios, 3 October 2022.

"Sudden Death." NCIS: Hawai'i. Los Angeles CA: CBS Studios, 17 October 2022.

Taylor, Lois. 19 September 1968. "Senor de Canavarro's castle in Puunui." Honolulu Star-Bulletin > About people > Page 62.
Available @ https://www.newspapers.com/image/270942643/?fcfToken=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJmcmVlLXZpZXctaWQiOjI3MDk0MjY0MywiaWF0IjoxNjc3Njk0NTI2LCJleHAiOjE2Nzc3ODA5MjZ9.b7QK1NJ1qXtDnX8noH0gdAPyJ25qT8wiMGMxD70NkkI

"'30' Locomobile." The Hawaiian Star. Honolulu, Oahu, Hawaii, 11 Sep. 1909. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Washington DC: Library of Congress.
Available @ https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82015415/1909-09-13/ed-1/seq-9/

Toon, Ann and Stephen B. 2003. "Tiger Panthera tigris." Pages 380-381. In: Pages 276-277. In: Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia. Second Edition. Volume 14, Mammals III. Edited by Michael Hutchins, Devra G. Kleiman, Valerius Geist and Melissa C. McDade. Farmington Hills MI: Gale Group.

Trask, Haunani-Kay. 1987. "The Birth of the Modern Hawaiian Movement: Kalama Valley, O'ahu." The Hawaiian Journal of History 21(1987): 126-153.
Available @ https://www.marxists.org/history/erol/ncm-1a/hawaii.pdf

"2756 Rooke Avenue/ George de S. Canavarro House." Historic Hawai'i Foundation > Historic Places. Copyrighted 2023.
Available @ https://historichawaii.org/2014/03/03/2756-rooke-avenue-george-de-s-canavarro-house/

"Urchins." Pages 33-36. In: Sustainable Herbivore Management. Holomua: Marine 30x30 Initiative. Honolulu HI: State of Hawai'i Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR) Division of Aquatic Resources (DAR). With Letter from the [DAR] Administrator Brian Neiilson. Dated November 2021.
Available @ https://dlnr.hawaii.gov/dar/files/2021/11/Sustainable_Herbivore_Mgmt_2021.pdf

"Urchins; wana in Hawaiian." National Park Service > Kalaupapa National Historical Park > Marine Invertebrates of Kalaupapa Nat'l Hist Park > Family Name Listing > Order: Diadematoida, Family: Diadematidae. Generated 10 March 2007.
Available @ http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/basch/uhnpscesu/htms/kalainvr/family/diademat.htm

"Vanishing Act." NCIS: Hawai'i. Los Angeles CA: CBS Studios, ; 27 March 2023 and 14 November 2022.

"Wana." University of Hawai'i > Waikiki Aquarium > Experience > Animal Guide > Invertebrates > Echinoderms. Honolulu HI.
Available @ https://www.waikikiaquarium.org/experience/animal-guide/invertebrates/echinoderms/wana/

"Wana -- Long Spined Sea Urchin -- Sea Urchin." Hanalei River Heritage Foundation > Project Ho'Okama'Āina > Other Marine Life -- Na Mea Ole Kai Likeole.
Available @ https://hanaleiriverheritagefoundation.org/topic/wana-long-spined-sea-urchin-sea-urchin/

"Wana Hālula (Long-Spined Urchin)." Pacific American Foundation > Aloha 'Āina > Unit Resources > Coral Reef Cards > Grade 7. Dated 2008.
Available @ https://ulukau.org/gsdl2.81/cgi-bin/cbalohaaina?a=pdf&d=D0.15.1.31&aurl=/gsdl2.81/collect/cbalohaaina/index/assoc

"Wana, Sea Urchin Diadema paucispinum, Echinothrix diadema & Echinothrix calamaris." Project Noah > Project Noah Nature School. Copyrighted 2022.
Available @ https://www.projectnoah.org/spottings/15054002

Westervelt, W. D. (William Drake). 1916. Hawaiian Legends of Ghosts and Ghost-Gods. Collected and Translated from the Hawaiian. Boston MA: Ellis Press.
Available @ https://www.sacred-texts.com/pac/hlog/index.htm

Westervelt, W. D. (William Drake). 1915. Hawaiian Legends of Old Honolulu. Boston MA: G.H. Ellis Press.
Available @ https://www.sacred-texts.com/pac/hloh/index.htm

Weston, Anna. 2022. "Jewel Orchid Care: The Complete Guide." OrchidBliss > Blog.
Available @ https://orchidbliss.com/jewel-orchid-care-the-complete-guide/

Williams, Lucy. 2022. If Tigers Disappeared. New York NY: Roaring Book Press.

Ylitalo, Jeff. 2021. "Hawaiian Mint King Kalakua 1883-1983 Kala Dala Proof Struck on Scrap." Mint Error News > Features.
Available @ https://minterrornews.com/features-4-29-21-hawaiian-mint-king-kalakua-1883-1983-kala-dala-proof-struck-on-scrap.html

Young, Peter T. 15 March 2018. "Ka'uiki." Images of Old Hawai'i. Place Names.
Available @ https://imagesofoldhawaii.com/kauiki/

Young, Peter T. 8 July 2015. "Carriage to Horseless Carriage." Images of Old Hawai'i > Prominent People. Copyrighted 2012-2021.
Available @ https://imagesofoldhawaii.com/carriage-to-horseless-carriage/

Young, Peter T. 31 May 2015. "Kamehameha's Wives." Images of Old Hawai'i > Ali'i > Chiefs > Governance.
Available @ https://imagesofoldhawaii.com/kamehamehas-wives/

Zettler, Lawrence W.; and Hank Oppenheimer. January 2012. "Hawaii's native orchids: a closer look at the trio." Published February 2012 in Orchids: 100-101. Updated by Lawrence W. Zettler 3 December 2014.
Available via ResearchGate @ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269092872_Hawaii%27s_native_orchids_a_closer_look_at_the_trio

Zumbusch, Amélie von. 2007. "Kinds of Tigers." Page 11. In: Tigers: World's Largest Cats. PowerKids Pess Dangerous Cats. New York NY: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc.

Earth and Space News

Sunday, October 16, 2022

No Awapuhiakanaloa Hawaiian Orchids Abate Sudden Death on NCIS: Hawai'i

No comments:

Post a Comment