Earth and Space News: Soil, Roots, Leaves, Dormant Buds Affect Stressed Eucalypt Seedlings

Summary: Soil, roots, leaves, dormant buds affect stressed eucalypt seedlings if compacted, damaged below nodal position 1 and shorn of greenery and carbohydrates.

Soil, roots, leaves, dormant buds affect stressed eucalypt seedlings, according to an article by Gregory M. Moore of the University of Melbourne, Richmond, Australia, for Arboriculture & Urban Forestry of July 2021.

Root Tip Growth and the Presence of Leaves Affect Epicormic and Lignotuberous Shoot Development and Survival of Stressed Eucalyptus obliqua L’Herit. Seedlings broaches dormant-budded stress-recovery behavior. Axillary buds on canopy branches and, despite shoot mortalities of 50 percent, epicormic buds concealed under canopy-branch, lower-branch and trunk bark conduce to woody-plant stress-relieving regeneration. Lignotuberous shoots, deployed from stem-like basal burls developed from stem-base axillary buds, display, despite mortality rates of 50 to 100 percent, last-ditch defenses of stressed trees.

Heat stress at 40 degrees Celsius ends moist, nutritious uptake by roots and encourages lignotuberous buds, endowed through developmental plasticity, to embrace root- and shoot-like existences.

Two-minute-long 40 and 60 degrees Celsius with decapitation fostered no brown-tipped roots, contrastingly furnished respectively within 2 to 5 and 2 to 3 days without decapitation.

Stressed eucalypt seedlings guarded brown-tipped roots 2 to 3 days after two-minute-long heat at 80 degrees Celsius, whose stress guaranteed dead tips within another two minutes. Four-minute-long, eight-minute-long heat at 60 degrees Celsius heralded brown-tipped roots respectively never, within 2 to 3 days with decapitation, always 2 to 4 days without decapitation. Two-minute-long 40, 60, 80 degrees Celsius with, without decapitation initiated 12th- to 14th-day-, immediate-, 3rd- to 4th-day-, immediate-, 12th- to 15th-day-, 6th- to 10th-day-resumed root-tip regrowth.

Four-minute-long versus eight-minute-long 60 degrees Celsius with, without decapitation jeopardized root-tip growth within 8 to 12, 1 to 3, versus 10 to 13, 3 to 5 days.

Significant, two-minute-long heat stress at 80 degrees Celsius kindled second-, fifth-, sixth-, eighth-, ninth-, tenth-week root-tip, then epicormic-shoot growth, despite no-growth first, third, fourth, seventh weeks.

Root-tip growth 10 weeks after heating to 80 degrees Celsius lagged significantly behind that for greenhouse temperatures and after heating to 40 and 60 degrees Celsius. Leaf-nodal positions 1 through 3 at soil-level or subsoil-surface seedling bases manifested lignotuberous-budded shoots after heat massacred, or decapitation moved away, most or all epicormic buds. Stressed eucalypt seedlings, heated to 40, 60, 80, 100 degrees Celsius and leafless or two-, four-, eight-leaved, needed three to 22 days before netting new-shoot production.

Only one of soil, roots, leaves, dormant buds never occasions guaranteed plant survival since epicormic and lignotuberous shoots never occur without oxygenated soil, roots and foliage.

Three experiments proved preferable dry-weight, height-increment, root-growth, shoot-production performances, over a 10-week period, provoked by prompt pruning, not procrastinated by one week, of unhealthy plant parts.

Two-, four-, eight-, eight-plus minutes at 60 degrees Celsius with foliage decapitated 100 percent or all but two, four, eight leaves queued decreasing-, downward-numbered nodal positions. Two-, four-, eight-minute durations at 40, 60, 80, 100 degrees Celsius revealed rising mortality of dormant-bud shoots, receding dry-weight, height-increment, nodal-position rises and reversed root-tip regrowth. Plasma-membrane, histone and protein sensors perhaps swiftly start, swiftly soar dry-weight, height-increment and shoot productions subsequent to stress at 60 degrees Celsius, then of immediate decapitation.

Soil, roots, leaves, dormant buds testing compacted, traumatized below first lignotubers, thinned of healthy, not still-there unhealthy, foliage, troubled over carbohydrates never treat stressed eucalypt seedlings.

Epicormic buds appear just under branch and stem bark of Eucalyptus obliqua and develop into epicormic shoots, as important parts of recovery responses to environmental stress; Messmate Stringybark (Eucalyptus obliqua) at Blackburn Lake, Box Hill, Melbourne, South Central Victoria, southeastern Australia; Saturday, May 30, 2009, 10:52: Arthur Chapman from Australia, CC BY 2.0 Generic, via Wikimedia Commons

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

Eucalyptus obliqua grows in cool to warm humid and subhumid climates and survives such severe heat as temperatures generated by forest fires through the combined support of healthy soil, roots, leaves and dormant buds; Eucalyptus obliqua in habitat, Macedon Ranges, Central Victoria, southeastern Australia; Friday, Feb. 18, 2011, 15:40: Russell Best, CC BY 2.5 Australia, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eucalyptus_obliqua_habit.jpg; Russell Best, CC BY 2.5 Australia, via Atlas of Living Australia @ https://biocache.ala.org.au/occurrences/56b6cd4c-4e6a-4035-8c4b-ce04cc86d840

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Marriner, Derdriu. 15 June 2013. “Storm Induced Tree Failures From Heavy Tree Weights and Weather Loads.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 13 April 2013. “Urban Tree Root Management Concerns: Defects, Digs, Dirt, Disturbance.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 16 February 2013. “Tree Friendly Beneficial Soil Microbes: Inoculations and Occurrences.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/02/tree-friendly-beneficial-soil-microbes.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 December 2012. “Healthy Urban Tree Root Crown Balances: Soil Properties, Soil Volumes.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/12/healthy-urban-tree-root-crown-balances.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 October 2012. “Tree Adaptive Growth: Tree Risk Assessment of Tree Failure, Tree Strength.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/10/tree-adaptive-growth-tree-risk.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 11 August 2012. “Tree Risk Assessment Mitigation Reports: Tree Removal, Tree Retention?” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/08/tree-risk-assessment-mitigation-reports.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 June 2012. “Internally Stressed, Response Growing, Wind Loaded Tree Strength.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/06/internally-stressed-response-growing.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 April 2012. “Three Tree Risk Assessment Levels: Limited Visual, Basic and Advanced.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/04/three-tree-risk-assessment-levels.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 February 2012. “Qualitative Tree Risk Assessment: Risk Ratings for Targets and Trees.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/02/qualitative-tree-risk-assessment-risk.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 February 2012. “Qualitative Tree Risk Assessment: Falling Trees Impacting Targets.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/02/qualitative-tree-risk-assessment.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 10 December 2011. “Tree Risk Assessment: Tree Failures From Defects and From Wind Loads.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/12/tree-risk-assessment-tree-failures-from.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 October 2011. “Five Tree Felling Plan Steps for Successful Removals and Worker Safety.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/10/five-tree-felling-plan-steps-for.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 August 2011. “Natives and Non-Natives as Successfully Urbanized Plant Species.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/08/natives-and-non-natives-as-successfully.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 11 June 2011. “Tree Ring Patterns for Ecosystem Ages, Dates, Health and Stress.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/06/tree-ring-patterns-for-ecosystem-ages.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 April 2011. “Benignly Ugly Tree Disorders: Oak Galls, Powdery Mildew, Sooty Mold, Tar Spot.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/04/benignly-ugly-tree-disorders-oak-galls.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 February 2011. “Tree Load Can Turn Tree Health Into Tree Failure or Tree Fatigue.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/02/tree-load-can-turn-tree-health-into.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 December 2010. “Tree Electrical Safety Knowledge, Precautions, Risks and Standards.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2010/12/tree-electrical-safety-knowledge.html

Moore, G.M. July 2021. “Root Tip Growth and the Presence of Leaves Affect Epicormic and Lignotuberous Shoot Development and Survival of Stressed Eucalyptus obliqua L'Herit. Seedlings." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 47(4): 133-149.

Earth and Space News

Saturday, July 31, 2021

Soil, Roots, Leaves, Dormant Buds Affect Stressed Eucalypt Seedlings

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