Earth and Space News: Diverse, Ecoservicing, Resilient Urban Tree Trifecta Aid Dense Cities

Summary: Diverse, ecoservicing, resilient urban tree trifecta aid dense cities, according to an article in the November 2023 Arboriculture & Urban Forestry.

Diverse, ecoservicing, resilient urban tree trifecta aid dense cities, per Sara Barron, Emily Rugel, Zhaohua Cheng, Lorien Nesbitt, Stephen Sheppard, Agatha Czekajlo and Cynthia Girling in November 2023’s Arboriculture & Urban Forestry.

The article Achieving the Urban Tree Trifecta: Scenario Modelling for Salubrious, Resilient, and Diverse Urban Forests in Densifying Cities broadcasts mental and physical health-benefitting urban forests. United Kingdom’s Greater Manchester green-roofing, increasing street trees 30% and vegetating impervious surfaces cut surface temperatures 3 to 4.9 degrees Celsius (37.4 to 40.82 degrees Fahrenheit). Building-energy efficiency and lower-emissions cycling-, public transit-, walking-transportation urban-densifying mitigation strategies decrease per-capita greenhouse-gas emissions even as they deny pervious surfaces, soil volume and urban greenspaces.

Direct, short-term climate change-effected building foundation- and road-impeding root proliferation, soil compaction and soil-toxifying heavy-metal deposits exacerbate urban-densified air-polluting wildfires, crown dieback-engendering heatwaves and nutrient-endangering flooding.

The article Achieving the Urban Tree Trifecta: Scenario Modelling for Salubrious, Resilient, and Diverse Urban Forests in Densifying Cities acclaims the common fig (Ficus carica) as most suitable species for projected climate change in British Columbia in general, Vancouver in particular; Saturday, June 22, 2019, 08:17, graphic of classification, origin, illustrations and distribution of Ficus carica (English common name: common fig; Spanish common name: higuera): MartínRománMangas, CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication, via Wikimedia Commons

Future-friendly urban-forest management features blue-green streets with flood- and water quality-managing hydrologies and park-like vegetation of age-, size-, species-diverse, changing, projected climate-flexible, private- and public-planted trees.

Seven co-authors in Vancouver, Canada, at the University of British Columbia, guard 16 400-meter (1,312.34-foot) by 400-meter urban blocks from 1,600-meter (5,249.344-foot) by 1,600-meter proxy-area sandbox. Respectively 75, 4, 6, 1, 1 and 8% of the 15,164-resident parcel area in 2020 housed single-family homes, multi-unit dwellings, commercial properties, mixed-use, civic and greenspace/parks. The current-study, Scenario 4 of four modeling scenarios importantizes diverse, ecoservicing, resilient urban tree trifecta as maximally 30% one family, 20% one genus, 10% one species.

Baseline, private- and public-overplanted Acer and Prunus tree species jeopardize diverse, ecoservicing, resilient urban tree trifecta such that neither species joins the final Scenario-4 planting list.

An article co-authored by Sara Barron, Emily Rugel, Zhaohua Cheng, Lorien Nesbitt, Stephen Sheppard, Agatha Czekajlo and Cynthia Girling of Vancouver, Canada, at the University of British Columbia, acknowledges honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos) as second-most suitable species for projected climate change in their province in general, in their city in particular; Friday, June 21, 2019, 11:19, graphic of classification, origin, illustrations and distribution of Gleditsia triacanthos (English common name: honey locust; Spanish common name: Acacia de tres espinas, Acacia de tres puntas, Acacia de tres púas): MartínRománMangas, CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication, via Wikimedia Commons

Mature-only tree heights kept on online plant databases kindle 30-year canopy-spread and diameter estimates at 45% of small (under-10-meter/under-32.81-foot), medium and large (15-plus-meter/49.21-plus-foot) average mature-tree heights.

Private-planted trees launch diversely, ecoservicingly, resiliently even as 6.6% 2020 and 15.6% 2050 sandbox-total canopies respectively log 74% and 43% public and 26% and 57% private. Fifteen-plus-meter/49.21-plus-foot, tall trees maintain 25% and, decreasingly, 15% of baseline 2020 and Scenario-4 2050 canopies even as climate-adaptablest, medium-sized trees manifest most representatively in 2050 canopy. Case-study Scenario-4, 6.6% canopy doubled to 15.6% nudging temperatures downward and shade upward nurses health-benefits maximums, private- and public-planted urban forests and species navigating climate change.

Urban tree trifecta organize baseline-dominant top-8 Rosaceae, Betulaceae, Sapindaceae, Cupressaceae, Oleaceae, Pinaceae, Fabaceae, Moraceae families into Scenario-4 top-8 Pinaceae, Fabaceae, Rosaceae, Fagaceae, Sapindaceae, Cupressaceae, Anacardiaceae, Comaceae.

An article in the November 2023 issue of Arboriculture & Urban Forestry accounts common ash (Fraxinus excelsior) as third-most suitable species for projected climate change in southwesternmost Canada in general; illustration of leaves, fruits, flowers and general appearance of Fraxinus excelsior (English common name: common ash; French common name: frêne élevé): Lisa Nicvert (Pylea), CC BY SA 4.0 International, via Wikimedia Commons

That trifecta place as baseline-dominant top-8 Acer, Carpinus, Fraxinus, Thuja, Ficus, Liquidamber, Gleditsia, Pseudotsuga genera and Scenario-4 top-8 Koelreutaria, Maackia, Notholithocarpus, Quercus, Cercis, Crataegus, Pistacia, Prunus.

Acer, Gleditsia, Prunus and Sorbus baseline 2020 versus Scenario-4 2050 genera respectively queue 13 versus 1.9, 2.5 versus 1.8, 29.2 versus 4.4 and 1.9 versus 4.2%. Baseline 2020, unlike Scenario-4 2050, realizes Carpinus, Cedrus, Ficus, Fraxinus, Liquidambar, Parrotia, Pyrus, Pseudotsuga and Thuja species, with only Cedrus, Ficus, Fraxinus and Pinus shifting climate-resilient. Scenario-4 2050 realizes Abies, Catalpa, Cercis, Crataegus, Eucommia, Ginkgo, Gymnocladus, Juniperus, Koelreuteria, Maackia, Notholithocarpus, Nyssa, Pinus, Pistacia, Quercus species, with only Cercis and Pinus shifting climate-resilient.

Diverse, ecoservicing, resilient urban tree trifecta trigger dense cities campaigning educationally, private- and public-partnering shifting climate-resilient Cercis, Cedrus, Cupressus, Ficus, Fraxinus, Gleditsia, Pinus, Pyrus, Sorbus plantings.

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

The University of British Columbia abides on Point Grey in Vancouver, Canada. The city abounds with the highest population density of all Canadian municipalities, according to the 2021 Census of 5,750 people per square kilometer; Bird's-Eye View of Ground Plan of University of British Columbia campus at Point Grey, designed 1912-1914 by English-Canadian architects George Lister Thornton (G.L.T.) Sharp (March 3, 1880-July 2, 1974) and Charles Joseph Thompson (Sep. 13, 1878-April 14, 1961)of Sharp and Thompson (founded 1908 and closed as Thompson, Berwick Pratt & Partners June 30, 1990) and winner of international competition in 1914: Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sharp_and_Thompson_proposed_plan_for_the_UBC_Point_Grey_campus.jpg; Images provided for research and reference use only, via University of British Columbia (UBC) Library Open Collections @ https://open.library.ubc.ca/collections/arphotos/items/1.0020255

An article on diverse, ecoservicing, resilient urban forests for the November 2023 issue of Arboriculture & Urban Forestry achieves a competition by whitebeam tree (Sorbus aria, synonymous with Aria edulis and Aria undulata) with Callery pear (Pyrus calleryana) for fourth-most suitable species for projected climate change in the University of British Columbia area of southwest Canada; J.C. (John Claudius) Loudon, Arboretum et Fruticetum Britannicum, Or, The trees and shrubs of Britain, vol. VI (1844), Plate 179: Biodiversity Heritage Library (BioDivLibrary), Public Domain, via Flickr @ https://www.flickr.com/photos/biodivlibrary/7064338975; Public Domain, via Biodiversity Heritage Library @ https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39357676; CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Arboretum_et_fruticetum_britannicum,_or_(Plate_179)_(7064338975).jpg

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Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/09/induced-resistance-agents-silicon.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 August 2018. "Nursery Production Systems for Successful Urban Tree Plantings." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/08/nursery-production-systems-for.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 July 2018. "Tree Roots Branch in Fabric Containers But Circle and Girdle Plastic." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/07/tree-roots-branch-in-fabric-containers.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 June 2018. "Wood Decay Fungi Management of Terminal Urban Pathogens." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/06/wood-decay-fungi-management-of-terminal.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 May 2018. "Downtown Commercial Streetscape Tree Populations in Toronto, Canada." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/05/downtown-commercial-streetscape-tree.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 April 2018. “Mushroom-Forming and Non-Mushroom-Forming Fungal Life Cycle Traits.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/04/mushroom-forming-and-non-mushroom.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 March 2018. “Emerald Ash Borer Rapid Response Community Preparedness Project.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/03/emerald-ash-borer-rapid-response.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 February 2018. “Tree Retention by Arborists for Wildlife Habitat Friendly Tree Care.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/02/tree-retention-by-arborists-for.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 January 2018. “Integrated Vegetation Management Study in North and South Yukon, Canada.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/01/integrated-vegetation-management-study.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 December 2017. “Tree Inventories: Preemptive and Proactive or Piecemeal and Reactive.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/12/tree-inventories-preemptive-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 25 November 2017. “Chlorantraniliprole Reduced-Risk Insecticides Get Leaf-Eaters Not Bees.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/11/chlorantraniliprole-reduced-risk.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 October 2017. “Palm Plant Health Care: Abiotic, Biotic Stress Culture and Management.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/10/palm-plant-health-care-abiotic-biotic.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 September 2017. “Predawn Leaf Water Potentials Indicate Crown Dieback and Water Status.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/09/predawn-leaf-water-potentials-indicate.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 August 2017. “Palm Tree Identification and Pruning of Native and Naturalizable Palms.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/08/palm-tree-identification-and-pruning-of.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 July 2017. “Commonly Planted, Potentially Phytoremediating Street Tree Species.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/07/commonly-planted-potentially.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 June 2017. “Root Loss From Root Pruning and Root Shaving of Stem-Girdling Roots.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/06/root-loss-from-root-pruning-and-root.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 May 2017. “Age and Canopy Area Cost Less and Tell More in Urban Tree Inventories.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/05/age-and-canopy-area-cost-less-and-tell.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 April 2017. “Urban Root Management: Big Infrastructure, Small Space, Stressed Roots.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/04/urban-root-management-big.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 March 2017. “Flexural Elasticity Modulus: Trees and Watersprouts Bend or Break.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/03/flexural-elasticity-modulus-trees-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 February 2017. “Plant Health Care Diagnostics When Plants and Places Wrong One Another.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/02/plant-health-care-diagnostics-when.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 January 2017. “Tree Fertilization for Fine Root Growth and Whole Root System Effects.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2017/01/tree-fertilization-for-fine-root-growth.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 December 2016. “Abiotic and Biotic Stress in Low Maintenance Tree Health Care Programs.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/12/abiotic-and-biotic-stress-in-low.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 November 2016. “Organic Amendments to Compacted Degraded Urban Highway Roadsides.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/11/organic-amendments-to-compacted.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 October 2016. “Tree Protection Zones by Arborists for All Construction Project Phases.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/10/tree-protection-zones-by-arborists-for.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 September 2016. “Stormwater Runoff Landscaping With Urban Canopy Cover and Groundcover.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/09/stormwater-runoff-landscaping-with.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 August 2016. “Changing Places: Tree Nutrient Movement Down, Tree Water Movement Up.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/08/changing-places-tree-nutrient-movement.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 July 2016. “Treated or Untreated Oriental Bittersweet Vine Management Cut-Stumping.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/07/treated-or-untreated-oriental.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 June 2016. “Tree Injection Site Procedures: Manufacturer's Instructions and Labels.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/06/tree-injection-site-procedures.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 May 2016. “Electrical Utility Area Temperate Urban Street Trees: Pruned Regrowth.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/05/electrical-utility-area-temperate-urban.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 April 2016. “Tree Injection Methods: Treatment Option in Integrated Pest Management.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/04/tree-injection-methods-treatment-option.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 6 March 2016. “Bare-Rooted Ornamental Urban Transplants: Amendments Against Mortality.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/03/bare-rooted-ornamental-urban.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 February 2016. “Bark Protective Survival Mechanisms Foil Deprivation, Injury, Invasion.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/02/bark-protective-survival-mechanisms.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 23 January 2016. "LITA Model: Linear Index of Tree Appraisal of Large Urban Swedish Trees." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/01/lita-model-linear-index-of-tree.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 December 2015. “Tree Lightning Protection Systems: Site, Soil, Species True Designs.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/12/tree-lightning-protection-systems-site.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 24 October 2015. “Tree Lightning Protection Systems Tailored to Sites, Soils, Species.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/10/tree-lightning-protection-systems.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 August 2015. “Tree Friendly Urban Soil Management: Amend, Fertilize, Mulch, Till!” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/08/tree-friendly-urban-soil-management.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 June 2015. “Tree Friendly Urban Soil Management: Assemble, Assess, Assist, Astound.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/06/tree-friendly-urban-soil-management.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 April 2015. “Tree Wound Responses: Healthy Wound Closures by Callus and Woundwood.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/04/tree-wound-responses-healthy-wound.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 February 2015. “Urban Forest Maintenance and Non-Maintenance Costs and Benefits.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/02/urban-forest-maintenance-and-non.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 December 2014. “Tree Dwelling Symbionts: Dodder, Lichen, Mistletoe, Moss and Woe-Vine.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/12/tree-dwelling-symbionts-dodder-lichen.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 October 2014. “Tree Cable Installation Systems Lessen Target Impact From Tree Failure.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/10/tree-cable-installation-systems-lessen.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 August 2014. “Flood Tolerant Trees in Worst-Case Floodplain and Urbanized Scenarios.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/08/flood-tolerant-trees-in-worst-case.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 June 2014. “Integrated Vegetation Management of Plants in Utility Rights-of-Way.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/06/integrated-vegetation-management-of.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 April 2014. “Tree Twig Identification: Buds, Bundle Scars, Leaf Drops, Leaf Scars.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/04/tree-twig-identification-buds-bundle.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 February 2014. “Tree Twig Anatomy: Ecosystem Stress, Growth Rates, Winter Identification.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/02/tree-twig-anatomy-ecosystem-stress.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 December 2013. “Community and Tree Safety Awareness During Line- and Road-Clearances.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/12/community-and-tree-safety-awareness.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 October 2013. “Chain-Saw Gear and Tree Work Related Personal Protective Equipment.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/10/chain-saw-gear-and-tree-work-related.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 October 2013. “Storm Damaged Tree Clearances: Matched Teamwork of People to Equipment.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/10/storm-damaged-tree-clearances-matched.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 August 2013. “Storm Induced Tree Damage Assessments: Pre-Storm Planned Preparedness.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/08/storm-induced-tree-damage-assessments.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 June 2013. “Storm Induced Tree Failures From Heavy Tree Weights and Weather Loads.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/06/storm-induced-tree-failures-from-heavy.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 April 2013. “Urban Tree Root Management Concerns: Defects, Digs, Dirt, Disturbance.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/04/urban-tree-root-management-concerns.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 February 2013. “Tree Friendly Beneficial Soil Microbes: Inoculations and Occurrences.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/02/tree-friendly-beneficial-soil-microbes.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 December 2012. “Healthy Urban Tree Root Crown Balances: Soil Properties, Soil Volumes.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/12/healthy-urban-tree-root-crown-balances.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 October 2012. “Tree Adaptive Growth: Tree Risk Assessment of Tree Failure, Tree Strength.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/10/tree-adaptive-growth-tree-risk.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 11 August 2012. “Tree Risk Assessment Mitigation Reports: Tree Removal, Tree Retention?” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/08/tree-risk-assessment-mitigation-reports.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 June 2012. “Internally Stressed, Response Growing, Wind Loaded Tree Strength.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/06/internally-stressed-response-growing.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 April 2012. “Three Tree Risk Assessment Levels: Limited Visual, Basic and Advanced.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/04/three-tree-risk-assessment-levels.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 February 2012. “Qualitative Tree Risk Assessment: Risk Ratings for Targets and Trees.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/02/qualitative-tree-risk-assessment-risk.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 February 2012. “Qualitative Tree Risk Assessment: Falling Trees Impacting Targets.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/02/qualitative-tree-risk-assessment.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 10 December 2011. “Tree Risk Assessment: Tree Failures From Defects and From Wind Loads.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/12/tree-risk-assessment-tree-failures-from.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 October 2011. “Five Tree Felling Plan Steps for Successful Removals and Worker Safety.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/10/five-tree-felling-plan-steps-for.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 August 2011. “Natives and Non-Natives as Successfully Urbanized Plant Species.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/08/natives-and-non-natives-as-successfully.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 11 June 2011. “Tree Ring Patterns for Ecosystem Ages, Dates, Health and Stress.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/06/tree-ring-patterns-for-ecosystem-ages.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 April 2011. “Benignly Ugly Tree Disorders: Oak Galls, Powdery Mildew, Sooty Mold, Tar Spot.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/04/benignly-ugly-tree-disorders-oak-galls.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 February 2011. “Tree Load Can Turn Tree Health Into Tree Failure or Tree Fatigue.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/02/tree-load-can-turn-tree-health-into.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 December 2010. “Tree Electrical Safety Knowledge, Precautions, Risks and Standards.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2010/12/tree-electrical-safety-knowledge.html

Earth and Space News

Saturday, November 4, 2023

Diverse, Ecoservicing, Resilient Urban Tree Trifecta Aid Dense Cities

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