Earth and Space News: Icelandic Rock Ptarmigans Avoid Blizzards and Hunters in Outside

Summary: Icelandic rock ptarmigans avoid blizzards and hunters in Outside, anglicized from Úti, second standalone novel by Ragnar Jónasson available in English.

Lars Jonasson Montin (Sep. 6, 1723-Jan. 3, 1785) as Swedish botanist and doctor accomplished the scientific description of the rock ptargmigan (from Scottish Gaelic tarmachan) in 1776. He addressed the Scandinavian ptarmigan subspecies Lagopus muta muta ("hare-foot [because feet and legs feathered] mute [because quiet apart clucking, courting, growling, purring]") into which scientists still assemble Icelandic rock ptarmigans. Icelandic rock ptarmigan eggs and nestlings appear in soil scrapes in grassland and heathland lowland summer grounds; Thursday, March 1, 2018, image of rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta islandorum) eggs, Collection Jacques Perrin de Brichambaut (Oct. 18, 1920-March 17, 2007), Muséum de Toulouse (Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de la ville de Toulouse, MHNT), Jardin des Plantes de Toulouse, quartier de Busca-Montplaisir, Toulouse center, Haute-Garonne department, Occitania region, southwest France: Roger Culos (Ercé), CC BY SA 4.0 International, via Wikimedia Commons

Icelandic rock ptarmigans avoid highland east Iceland blizzards and four hunters in Outside, anglicized from Úti, second standalone novel, of three Icelandic standalone novels authored by Ragnar Jónasson, available also in English.

The Icelandic Christmas season boasts all days between the First Advent Sunday in November, through Christmas Eve and Day December 24-25, to Twelfth Night January 6. Icelandic rock ptarmigans cook as Icelandic Christmas grouse (jólarjúpa ["Christmas, Noel, Yule ptarmigan"] or steiktar rjúpur ["roast, steak ptarmigan"]) for Christmas Eve and Christmas Day dinners. Plucked, gutted, cleaned Icelandic rock ptarmigans divide into butter-browned, simmered breasts and butter-browned carcasses simmered and sauced with boiled brown cheese, butter, flour and currant jelly.

Traditional Icelanders enjoy their grouse Christmas Eve or Christmas Day with braised sweet-and-sour red cabbage, caramelized potatoes (brúnaðar kartöflur, Romanized brúnadar kartöflur) and marrowfat, mushy peas.

Hunting-season (Oct. 15-Nov. 30) Fridays through Sundays furnish no black-brown blotched and marked, glossy, smooth, subelliptical, white to white-yellow, 1.69- by 1.22-inch (43- by 31-millimeter) eggs.

Physically and sexually mature, six-month-old, six-month-plus-old ptarmigan females gestate one 3- to 12-egg or 5- to 10-egg brood late May through early June or late July. They have eggs at one- to two-day intervals in feather-, grass-, plant-lined, open-site, 3-inch- (7.62-centimeter-) deep scrapes with 6- to 7-inch (15.24- to 17.78-centimeter) inside diameters. They incubate their brood 24 to 26 days, during which their mates institute guarding intervals and after which fathers and mothers respectively implement guarding and brooding.

Icelandic rock ptarmigans journey from breeding-season, lowland, spring- and summer-month grasslands and heathlands to east Iceland despite highland blizzards and hunters in Outside, anglicized from Úti.

Black-billed, , downy-footed, downy-legged, precocial (from Latin præcoquō, “I ripen before”), 10-day-old nestlings, with black-edged buff-gray, rufous (from Latin rūfus, “red”) bodies, know how to fly.

Icelandic rock ptarmigan nestlings learn to lead independent lives within 10 to 12 weeks even as they leave their mothers only to live with winter-flocking peers. Eight-year life expectancies muster 12.59- to 15.5-inch- (31- to 40-centimeter-) long, 15.87- to 22.93-ounce (450- to 650-gram) adults with 19.5- to 23.5-inch (50- to 60-centimeter) wingspans. Mature, summering Icelandic rock ptarmigan females net black-, brown-, gray-, yellow-barred bodies; dark small bills; mottled bellies, feet and legs; round, small heads; and white wings.

Snow-drift occupancies and winter-white plumage in overwintering grounds in east Iceland obscure Icelandic rock ptarmigan flocks from highland blizzards and hunters in Outside, anglicized from Úti.

Mature, summering Icelandic rock ptarmigan males present black- and white-barred brown-gray upper bodies and wing patches; black tails; and white-feathered bellies, feet, legs, underbodies and wings.

Black-billed, black-eyed females and males, the latter with black bill and eye lines, black tails and red eyecombs, qualify as white-headed, white-bodied, white-winged, white-legged, white-footed overwinterers. Highland- and lowland-residing female and male Icelandic rock ptarmigans reveal rapid-winged, relaxed-glided, shallow-flapped flights even as they revel in ground- and understory-resident berries, buds, and seeds. Their scientific name Lagopus mutus (“[feathered-limbed] hare-foot mute”) suggests their silence apart krrrh sounds by mate-seeking, summering males and clucking and purring sounds by summering females.

Four hunters in Outside, anglicized from Úti, taste club and pub tidbits and hunting-lodge steak even as highland east Iceland blizzards threaten tasting Icelandic rock ptarmigans.

Icelandic rock ptarmigans (rjúpa locally, Lagopus muta muta ("hare-foot [for feathered feet and legs] mute [because quiet apart clucking, courting, growling, purring sounds]") are in Iceland year-round. They assemble in lowland grasslands and heathlands during spring and summer months and in highland grasslands and heathlands during fall and winter months. Icelandic rock ptarmigan mothers avail themselves of family time with their three to 12 chicks more in summer lowlands than on winter highlands, where young, able at independent living as 10- to 12-week-olds, arrange themselves in age-assigned winter flocks; Sunday, July 24, 2005, 14:46, image of rock ptarmigans (Lagopus muta), Iceland: Manfred Morgner (ka-em-zwei-ein; Morgner), CC BY SA 3.0 Unported, via Wikimedia Commons

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

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