Summary: Celsius Crater parents five satellites on the lunar southeastern near side's cratered region southwest of Mare Nectaris and southeast of Mare Nubium.
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| Detail of Lunar Aeronautical Chart (LAC) 113 shows the Celsius Crater system, comprising the parental crater and five satellites (upper right); scale 1:1,000,000; Mercator Projection: United States Air Force (USAF) Aeronautical Chart and Information Center (ACIC) via USGS/Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature |
Celsius Crater parents five satellites on the southeastern near side of Earth's moon, in a crater-rich region southwest of Mare Nectaris ("Sea of Nectar") and southeast of Mare Nubium ("Sea of Clouds").
Eighteenth-century Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius's lunar namesake, Celsius Crater, hosts five satellites in the lunar near side's central middle latitudes south of the equator. Satellite H's occurrence on its parent's interior floor qualifies it as the Celsius Crater system's only fully internal satellite. Two satellites, Celsius A and Celsius E, reside to the north of their parent. Two other satellites, Celsius B and Celsius D, claim southwesterly positions with respect to their parent.
The Celsius Crater system's parent crater is centered at minus 34.1 degrees south latitude, 20.05 degrees east longitude, according to the International Astronomical Union’s (IAU) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. Celsius Crater registers northernmost and southernmost latitudes at minus 33.46 degrees south and minus 34.74 degrees south, respectively. The parental crater records easternmost and westernmost longitudes at 20.82 degrees east and 19.27 degrees east, respectively. Celsius Crater's diameter spans 38.96 kilometers.
Celsius satellite A resides to the north of its parent and to the northeast of satellite E. Satellite A is centered at minus 32.97 degrees south latitude, 20.49 degrees east longitude. It finds northernmost and southernmost latitudes at minus 32.77 degrees south and minus 33.18 degrees south, respectively. The Celsius Crater system's easternmost satellite claims easternmost and westernmost longitudes at 20.73 degrees east and 20.24 degrees east, respectively. Satellite A's diameter measures 12.39 kilometers.
Celsius satellite E lies to the north of its parent and to the northwest of satellite A. Satellite E is centered at minus 32.92 degrees south latitude, 20.04 degrees east longitude. Its northernmost and southernmost latitudes occur at minus 32.79 degrees south and minus 33.05 degrees south, respectively. Satellite E obtains easternmost and westernmost longitudes of 20.22 degrees east and 19.86 degrees east, respectively. Satellite E has a diameter of 9.22 kilometers.
Celsius H is located on its parent's interior floor and is positioned to the north of its parent's midpoint. Celsius H is centered at minus 33.84 degrees south latitude, 20.11 degrees east longitude. The internal satellite's northernmost and southernmost latitudes reach minus 33.76 degree south and minus 33.93 degrees south, respectively. Easternmost and westernmost longitudes are reached at 20.21 degrees east and 20.01 degrees east, respectively. Celsius H's diameter of 5.09 kilometers qualifies it as the smallest of the Celsius Crater system's five satellites.
Celsius satellite B snuggles, to the southwest of Celsius H, against its parent's southwestern boundary. Celsius B is centered at minus 34.65 degrees south latitude, 19.63 degrees east longitude. It posts northernmost and southernmost latitudes of minus 34.55 degrees south and minus 34.74 degrees south, respectively. It presents easternmost and westernmost longitudes of 19.74 degrees east and 19.51 degrees east, respectively. Celsius B has a diameter of 5.74 kilometers.
Celsius satellite D lies to the southwest of its parent and to the west of satellite B. Celsius D is centered at minus 34.76 south latitude, 19.07 degrees east longitude. Its northernmost and southernmost latitudes extend to minus 34.44 degrees south and minus 35.07 degrees south, respectively. Its easternmost and westernmost longitudes reach 19.46 degrees east and 18.69 degrees east, respectively. Celsius D's diameter spans 19.19 kilometers.
Celsius satellite D rates three mosts among the Celsius Crater system's five satellites. Celsius D's diameter of 19.19 kilometers qualifies it as the largest of the Celsius Crater system's five satellites. Its southernmost latitude of minus 35.07 degrees south qualifies it as the most southerly of the Celsius Crater system's five satellites. Celsius D also qualifies as the Celsius Crater system's most westerly satellite, with a westernmost longitude of 18.69 degrees east.
Celsius satellite D also rates two mosts among the complete Celsius Crater system of one parent and five satellites. Indeed, Celsius D ranks as the southernmost member of the entire Celsius Crater system, for its parent's southernmost latitude of minus 34.74 degrees south defers to Celsius D's more southerly extent of minus 35.07 degrees south. Celsius D qualifies as the westernmost member of the entire Celsius Crater system. Celsius D's westernmost longitude of 18.69 degrees east reaches farther west than its parent's westernmost longitude of 19.27 degrees east.
Celsius satellite A claims two mosts among the system's satellites and one in the complete crater system. Its northernmost latitude of minus 32.77 degrees south marks the farthest northern point of the five satellites and exceeds its parent's northernmost reach of minus 33.46 degrees south. Its easternmost longitude of 20.73 degrees east touches the farthest eastern point of the system's five satellites but lags behind its parent's easternmost longitude of 20.82 degrees east.
The takeaways for Celsius Crater's parentage of five satellites on the lunar southeastern near side are that Crater H's position north of the midpoint on its parent's internal floor qualifies it as the Celsius Crater system's only fully interior satellite; that Celsius D and Celsius H qualify as the system's largest and smallest satellites, respectively; that Celsius D claims the most westerly and southerly extents of the Celsius Crater system; and that Celsius A achieves the Celsius Crater system's most northerly reach.
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| Lunar southeastern near side's Celsius Crater system, with craters labeled, viewed via Meade LX200 14" and Lumenera Skynyx 2-1 at the University of Hertfordshire's Bayfordbury Observatory; Feb. 1, 2012: David Campbell (12dstring), Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons |
Acknowledgment
My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.
Image credits:
Image credits:
Detail of Lunar Aeronautical Chart (LAC) 113 shows the Celsius Crater system, comprising the parental crater and five satellites (upper right); scale 1:1,000,000; Mercator Projection: United States Air Force (USAF) Aeronautical Chart and Information Center (ACIC) via USGS/Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/images/Lunar/lac_113_wac.pdf
Lunar southeastern near side's Celsius Crater system, with craters labeled, viewed via Meade LX200 14" and Lumenera Skynyx 2-1 at the University of Hertfordshire's Bayfordbury Observatory; Feb. 1, 2012: David Campbell (12dstring), Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Celsius_lunar_crater_map.jpg
For further information:
For further information:
Brian Jones @StarsBrian. "Today is the anniversary of the birth, at Uppsala on 27 Nov 1701, of the Swedish #astronomer and physicist Anders Celsius, best known for his 'degrees Celsius' temperature scale, The 36 km diameter lunar crater Celsius is named in his honour." Twitter. Nov. 27, 2018.
Available @ https://twitter.com/StarsBrian/status/1067306883353100288
Available @ https://twitter.com/StarsBrian/status/1067306883353100288
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International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Celsius.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/1098
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/1098
International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Celsius A.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/8205
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/8205
International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Celsius B.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/8206
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/8206
International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Celsius D.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/8207
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/8207
International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Celsius E.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/8208
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/8208
International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Celsius H.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/8209
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/8209
International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Mare Nectaris.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/3683
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/3683
International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Mare Nubium.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/3684
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/3684
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