Summary: Uranian moon Puck was discovered in images taken Monday, Dec. 30, 1985, by Voyager 2 during the probe's flyby of the seventh planet from the sun.
 |
| image of Puck (S/1985 U1; Uranus XV; UXV) taken Friday, Jan. 24, 1986, 9:31:10, by Voyager 2 spacecraft's narrow-angle vidicon camera at a distance of 492,616.3 kilometers: Public Domain, via NSSDC (NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive) |
Uranian moon Puck was discovered in images acquired Monday, Dec. 30, 1985, by Voyager 2 during the interstellar and planetary space probe's flyby of the seventh planet from the sun.
Puck pertains to a group of 11 satllites of Uranus that Voyager 2 imaged during the robotic spacecraft's flyby of cyan-colored, icy planetary side-spinner Uranus from late autumn 1985 through winter 1986. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Voyager Science Imaging Team received more than 7,000 photographs from the Voyager 2 probe's observational Uranian encounter from Monday, Nov. 4, 1985, to Tuesday, Feb. 25, 1986.
The discovery of the new Uranian satellite via images taken Monday, Dec. 30, 1985, by Voyager 2 was presented in International Astronomical Union Circular (IAUC) No. 4159, dated Jan. 9, 1985, by the publication's editor, British lost asteroid and comet tracker Brian G. (Geoffrey) Marsden (Aug. 5, 1937-Nov. 18, 2010). The discovery information was given by American planetary astronomer and Voyager mission lead imaging scientist B.A. (Bradford Adelbert) Smith (Sep. 22, 1931-July 3, 2018) on behalf of the Voyager Science Imaging Team. As the first Uranian satellite discovered in 1985, the yet-unnamed Puck was designated provisionally as S/1985 U1, as stated in the circular from the IAU's Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams (CBAT). Puck was described with an approximate diameter of 75 kilometers and with a distance of 86,000 kilometers from the center of Uranus. A newly-measured albedo of approximately 0.05 for Puck determined estimated diameters for S/1986 U7 (Cordelia) and S/1986 U8 (Ophelia), discovered Monday, Jan. 20, 1986, and for S/1986 U9 (Bianca), discovered Thursday, Jan. 23, 1986, per Brian Marsden's announcement in International Astronomical Union Circular (IAUC) No. 4168, dated Jan. 27, 1985.
The Voyager 2 probe carried a two-camera system comprising a wide-angle camera with a focal length (f) of 1500 millimeters (mm)and a narrow-angle camera with a focal length of 200 millimeters. As with all 11 Uranian satellies imaged by Voyager 2, Puck was found in 15.36-second exposures taken by the space probe's narrow-angle camera, according to W.M. Owen Jr. and S.P. Synnott in "Orbits of the Ten Small Satellites of Uranus" (page 1268), published in the May 1987 issue of The Astronomical Journal.
Puck classifies as an inner satellite. The orbit of Miranda, the innermost and smallest of the system's five major moons, corrals the Uranian system's 13 inner satelites. Puck specifically orbits between the μ (mu) and ν (nu) rings, the Uranian system's 12th and 13th outermost rings. Puck's orbit occurs about "halfway between the ε (epsilon) ring, the 11th outermost ring, and Miranda, as determined by and 39 co-authors in "Voyager 2 in the Uranian System: Imaging Science Results" (page 53), published in the July 4, 1986, issue of Science.
 |
| Images were taken Monday, July 28, 1997, with second (right) obtained 90 minutes after the first, by NASA Hubble Space Telescope's Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS); annotated image (right) identifies eight of the Uranian system's 13 inner satellites as (top, clockwise) Belinda, Puck (upper right), Portia, Bianca, Cressida, Juliet, Desdemona and Rosalind; image credit NASA/JPL/STScI; image Addition Date: 1999-05-21: May be used for any purpose without prior permission, via NASA JPL Photojournal |
Puck classifies as an inner satellite. The orbit of Miranda, the innermost and smallest of the system's five major moons, corrals the Uranian system's 13 inner satelites. Puck specifically orbits between the μ (mu) and ν (nu) rings, the Uranian system's 12th and 13th outermost rings. Puck's orbit occurs about "halfway between the ε (epsilon) ring, the 11th outermost ring, and Miranda, as determined by and 39 co-authors in "Voyager 2 in the Uranian System: Imaging Science Results" (page 53), published in the July 4, 1986, issue of Science.
Puck joins Umbriel and similarly photometrically behaved Portia Group members Belinda, Bianca, Cressida, Desdemona, Juliet, Portia and Rosalind register a "nearly neutral response" at the wavelength range of 1.5 to 2.0 μm in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The findings originated in a multiband photometric analysis of images of the inner Uranian system obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope's (HST) Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) and Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS), as reported by French observatory scientist Christophe Dumas, American planetary astronomer and Voyager mission lead imaging scientist Bradford A. Smith (Sep. 22, 1931-July 3, 2018) and American simulation hypothesis supporter and Voyager mission scientist Richard J. (John) Terrile (born March 22, 1951) in "Hubble Space Telescope NICMOS Multiband Photometry of Proteus and Puck" (page 1083), published in the August 2003 issue of The Astronomical Journal. The authors reference Erich Karkoschka's previous identification of the Portia Group in 2001 on the basis of "similar photometric behavior."
Puck's name references the sprite whose magical powers create mischief in A Midsummer's Night Dream, a comic play first published in 1600 by Elizabethan poet William Shakespeare (bapt. April 26, 1564-April 23, 1616). The satellite's name follows the convention of naming the Uranian system's satellites after characters from Shakespearean plays or from "Rape of the Lock," a satirical narrative poem first published anonymously in May 1712 by Enlightenment era poet, satirist and translator Alexander Pope (May 21, 1688-May 30, 1744), according to "Planet and Satellite Names and Discoverers" on the International Astronomical Union's U.S. Geological Survey-managed Gazeteer of Planetary Nomenclature website.
The International Astronomical Union also has named 27 Uranian satellites with systemic Roman numerals I to XXVII. Puck is known as Uranus XV, abbreviated as UXV.
Scott Sander Sheppard (born Feb. 19, 1977), an American astronomer with the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism at the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington, DC, discovered the Uranian system's 28th satellite on Saturday, Nov. 4, 2023. The outer satellite, which has a diameter of 8 kilometers and an orbital period of 680 days, has received the temporary designation of S/2023 U1, according to "New moons of Uranus and Neptune announced," posted as Breaking News Feb. 23, 2024, on the Carnegie Institution of Science website.
 |
| Near-infrared (NIR) wide-field image obtained Monday, Sep. 4, 2023, by NASA's James Webb Space Telescope's NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) reveals Uranus’s seasonal north polar cap and dim inner and outer rings; annotations identify nine of the Uranian system's 13 inner satellites (top, clockwise: Perdita, Rosalind, Puck, Belinda, Desdemona, Cressida, Bianca, Portia, Juliet) and Titania (upper left center), Oberon (upper right center), Umbriel (center right), Miranda (lower center) and Ariel (lower center right) as the system's five major moons; image credits NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI: Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons |
Acknowledgment
My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.
Dedication
Dedication
This post is dedicated to the memory of our beloved blue-eyed brother, Charles, who guided the creation of the Met Opera and Astronomy posts on Earth and Space News. We memorialized our brother in "Our Beloved Blue-Eyed Brother, Charles, With Whom We Are Well Pleased," published on Earth and Space News on Thursday, Nov. 18, 2021, an anniversary of our beloved father's death.
Image credits:
Image credits:
image of Puck (S/1985 U1; Uranus XV; UXV) taken Friday, Jan. 24, 1986, 9:31:10, by Voyager 2 spacecraft's narrow-angle vidicon camera at a distance of 492,616.3 kilometers: Public Domain, via NSSDC (NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive) @ https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/imgcat/html/object_page/vg2_2683716.html; Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Uranus_moon_Puck.png
Images were taken Monday, July 28, 1997, with second (right) obtained 90 minutes after the first, by NASA Hubble Space Telescope's Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS); annotated image (right) identifies eight of the Uranian system's 13 inner satellites as (top, clockwise) Belinda, Puck (upper right), Portia, Bianca, Cressida, Juliet, Desdemona and Rosalind; image credit NASA/JPL/STScI; image Addition Date: 1999-05-21: May be used for any purpose without prior permission, via NASA JPL Photojournal @ https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01278; credits Erich Karkoschka (University of Arizona) and NASA: Public Domain, via NASA Hubblesite @ https://hubblesite.org/contents/media/images/1997/36/560-Image.html; Permissions Content Use Policy (Public Domain), via NASA Hubblesite @ https://hubblesite.org/contents/news-releases/1997/news-1997-36.html
Near-infrared (NIR) wide-field image obtained Monday, Sep. 4, 2023, by NASA's James Webb Space Telescope's NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) reveals Uranus’s seasonal north polar cap and dim inner and outer rings; annotations identify nine of the Uranian system's 13 inner satellites (top, clockwise: Perdita, Rosalind, Puck, Belinda, Desdemona, Cressida, Bianca, Portia, Juliet) and Titania (upper left center), Oberon (upper right center), Umbriel (center right), Miranda (lower center) and Ariel (lower center right) as the system's five major moons; image credits NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI: Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Annotated_Moons_of_Uranus.png; via NASA James Webb Space Telescope Mission @ https://www.nasa.gov/missions/webb/nasas-webb-rings-in-holidays-with-ringed-planet-uranus/
For further information:
For further information:
Baisas, Laura. "Astronomers discover new moons orbiting Uranus and Neptune. The tiny satellites were spotted circling our solar system’s most far flung planets." Popular Science > Science > Space > Solar System > Moons. Feb. 26, 2024.
Available via Popular Science @ https://www.popsci.com/science/uranus-neptune-new-moons/
Available via Popular Science @ https://www.popsci.com/science/uranus-neptune-new-moons/
Bolles, Dana; and SMD (Science Mission Directorate) Team, eds. "Juliet." Our Solar System > Planets > Uranus > Moons > Facts > Unique Aspects > Juliet.
Available via NASA Science @ https://science.nasa.gov/uranus/moons/juliet/
Available via NASA Science @ https://science.nasa.gov/uranus/moons/juliet/
Bolles, Dana; and SMD (Science Mission Directorate) Team. "Voyager 2: First to visit all four giant planets." NASA Science > Mission > Voyager 2.
Available via NASA Science @ https://science.nasa.gov/mission/voyager/voyager-2/
Available via NASA Science @ https://science.nasa.gov/mission/voyager/voyager-2/
Cady Coleman @Astro_Cady. "#OTD 1/3/1986: Using images the probe had taken, #Voyager2 scientist Steve Synnott discovered two of #Uranus's known moons: #Portia & #Juliet. https://theworld.org/stories/2017-01-01/why-moons-uranus-are-named-after-characters-shakespeare. New image: @NASAWebb @ESA_Webb @csa_asc #JWST #space #astronomy #planetaryscience." X (formerly Twitter). Jan. 3, 2024.
Available via X (formerly Twitter) @ https://twitter.com/Astro_Cady/status/1742597423199846693
Available via X (formerly Twitter) @ https://twitter.com/Astro_Cady/status/1742597423199846693
Carnegie Science Earth & Planets Laboratory; and Scott S. Sheppard. "New moons of Uranus and Neptune announced." Carnegie News > The Latest News > Breaking News. Feb. 23, 2024.
Available via Carnegie Science @ https://carnegiescience.edu/new-moons-uranus-and-neptune-announced
Available via Carnegie Science @ https://carnegiescience.edu/new-moons-uranus-and-neptune-announced
Cartwright, Richard J.; Chloe B. Beddingfield; Tom A. Nordheim; Catherine M. Elder; Julie C. Castillo-Rogez; Marc Neveu; Ali M. Bramson; Michael M. Sori; Bonnie J. Buratti; Robert T. Pappalardo; Joseph E. Roser; Ian J. Cohen; Erin J. Leonard; Anton I. Ermakov; Mark R. Showalter; William M. Grundy; Elizabeth P. Turtle; and Mark D. Hofstadter."The Science Case for Spacecraft Exploration of the Uranian Satellites: Candidate Ocean Worlds in an Ice Giant System." The Planetary Science Journal, vol. 2, no. 3 (June 2021): 120. DOI 10.3847/PSJ/abfe12.
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/PSJ/abfe12
Available via ResearchGate @ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/351342412_The_science_case_for_spacecraft_exploration_of_the_Uranian_satellites_Candidate_ocean_worlds_in_an_ice_giant_system
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/PSJ/abfe12
Available via ResearchGate @ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/351342412_The_science_case_for_spacecraft_exploration_of_the_Uranian_satellites_Candidate_ocean_worlds_in_an_ice_giant_system
Duncan, Martin J.; and Jack J. Lissauer. "Orbital Stability of the Uranian Satellite System." Icarus, vol. 125, issue 1 (January 1997): 1-12. DOI 10.1006/icar.1996.5568.
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997Icar..125....1D/abstract
Available via ScienceDirect @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103596955682
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997Icar..125....1D/abstract
Available via ScienceDirect @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103596955682
French, Richard G.; Rebekah I. Dawson; and Mark R. Showalter. "Resonances, Chaos, and Short-Term Interactions Among the Inner Uranian Satellites." The Astronomical Journal, vol. 149, no. 4 (April 2015): 142 (28 pages).
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-6256/149/4/142
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-6256/149/4/142/pdf
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/375909/pdf
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-6256/149/4/142
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-6256/149/4/142/pdf
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/375909/pdf
French, Robert S.; and Mark R. (Robert) Showalter. "Cupid is doomed: An analysis of the stability of the inner uranian satellites." Icarus, vol. 220, issue 2 (August 2012): 911-921. DOI 10.1016/j.icarus.2012.06.031. DOI 10.48550/arXiv.1408.2543
Available via arXiv @ https://arxiv.org/abs/1408.2543
Available via arXiv @ https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1408/1408.2543.pdf
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012Icar..220..911F/abstract
Available via ScienceDirect @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103512002606
Available via arXiv @ https://arxiv.org/abs/1408.2543
Available via arXiv @ https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1408/1408.2543.pdf
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012Icar..220..911F/abstract
Available via ScienceDirect @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103512002606
Green, Daniel W.E. "Brian Geoffrey Marsden (1937-2010)." The Observatory > Obituaries, vol. 131, no. 4 (April 2011): 108-109.
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/2011Obs...131..108G
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/2011Obs...131..108G
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/2011Obs...131..108G
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/2011Obs...131..108G
Greicius, Tony; and Naomi Hartono. "Uranus Moon -- 1985U1." NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory > Images. June 21, 1999.
Available @ https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/pia01357-uranus-moon-1985u1
Available @ https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/pia01357-uranus-moon-1985u1
Hamilton, Calvin J. "Puck." Views of the Solar System > Image Index > Photos of Primary Targets > Uranus > Rosalind > Photo Archives: Puck > Puck File #: uranus/puck.
Available @ https://solarviews.com/cap/uranus/puck.htm
Available @ https://solarviews.com/cap/uranus/puck.htm
Hamilton, Calvin J. "Photo Archives Target: Puck." Views of the Solar System > Image Index > Photos of Primary Targets > Uranus > Puck > Photo Archives: Puck.
Available @ https://solarviews.com/cap/uranus/puck.htm
Available @ https://solarviews.com/cap/uranus/puck.htm
Hamilton, Calvin J. "Puck Uranus XV -- 1985U1." Views of the Solar System > Image Index > Photos of Primary Targets > Uranus > Puck > Photo Archives: Puck > Puck File #: uranus/puck > Related Document Puck.
Available @ https://solarviews.com/eng/puck.htm
Available @ https://solarviews.com/eng/puck.htm
International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN). "Body: Uranus XI (Juliet). Description: Heroine of Shakespeare's 'Romeo and Juliet. Date of Discovery: January 3, 1986. Discovery Location: Voyager 2. Discoverer: Voyager Science Team." IAU Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > Planet and Satellite Names and Discoverers.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Page/Planets
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Page/Planets
International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN). "Uranian System." IAU Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > Planet and Satellite Names and Discoverers.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Page/Planets
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Page/Planets
Jacobson, R.A. (Robert A.). "The Orbits of the Inner Uranian Satellites from Hubble Space Telescope and Voyager 2 Observations." 1998. The Astronomical Journal, vol. 115, no. 3 (March 1998): 1195-1199.
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998AJ....115.1195J/abstract
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/300263/pdf
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/300263
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/300263/pdf
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998AJ....115.1195J/abstract
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/300263/pdf
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/300263
Available via IOPscience @ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/300263/pdf
Jet Propulsion Laboratory. "PIA01278: Hubble Tracks Clouds on Uranus." NASA JPL Photojournal. Image addition date 1999-05-21.
Available @ https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01278
Available @ https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01278
The John J. McCarthy Observatory. "Astronomical and Historical Events: 3rd History: Stephen Synnott discovers Uranus’ moons Juliet and Portia (1986)." Galactic Observer, vol. 8, no. 1 (January 2015): 14.
Available @ https://www.mccarthyobservatory.org/newsletters/jjmo_news_01_15.pdf
Available @ https://www.mccarthyobservatory.org/newsletters/jjmo_news_01_15.pdf
Karkoschka, Erich. "Comprehensive Photometry of the Rings and 16 Satellites of Uranus with the Hubble Space Telescope." Icarus, vol. 151, issue 1 (May 2001): 51-68. DOI 10.1006/icar.2001.6596.
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Icar..151...51K/abstract
Available via ScienceDirect @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103501965960
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Icar..151...51K/abstract
Available via ScienceDirect @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103501965960
Karkoschka, Erich. "Voyager's Eleventh Discovery of a Satellite of Uranus and Photometry and the First Size Measurements of Nine Satellites." Icarus, vol. 151, issue 1 (May 2001): 69-77. DOI 10.1006/icar.2001.6597.
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Icar..151...69K/abstract
Available via ScienceDirect @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103501965972
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Icar..151...69K/abstract
Available via ScienceDirect @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103501965972
Karkoschka, Erich (University of Arizona); and NASA. "Hubble Watches Uranus." NASA Hubblesite > News > News Releases. Release ID 1997-36. Release date Nov. 20, 1997 12:00AM (EST).
Available via NASA Hubblesite @ https://hubblesite.org/contents/news-releases/1997/news-1997-36.html
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103501965972?via%3Dihub
Available via NASA Hubblesite @ https://hubblesite.org/contents/news-releases/1997/news-1997-36.html
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103501965972?via%3Dihub
Karkoschka, Erich (University of Arizona); and NASA. "Uranus, July 28,1997 (Annotated)." NASA Hubblesite > Media > Images. Release ID 1997-36. Release date Nov. 20, 1997 12:00AM (EST)
Available via NASA Hubblesite @ https://hubblesite.org/contents/media/images/1997/36/560-Image.html
Available via NASA Hubblesite @ https://hubblesite.org/contents/media/images/1997/36/560-Image.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Caliban and Sycorax Orbit With Respectively Low and High Eccentricity." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, July 20, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/07/caliban-and-sycorax-orbit-with.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/07/caliban-and-sycorax-orbit-with.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Gertrude Is Largest Known Crater on Largest Uranian Moon Titania." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Jan. 19, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/01/gertrude-is-largest-known-crater-on.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/01/gertrude-is-largest-known-crater-on.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Hamlet Is Largest Known Crater on Second Largest Uranian Moon Oberon." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Jan. 26, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/01/hamlet-is-largest-known-crater-on.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/01/hamlet-is-largest-known-crater-on.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Margaret Was Discovered Aug. 29, 2003, as Ninth Uranian Irregular Moon." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, August 17, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/08/margaret-was-discovered-aug-29-2003-as.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/08/margaret-was-discovered-aug-29-2003-as.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Nine Uranian Irregular Moons Were Discovered Between 1997 and 2003." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, July 6, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/07/nine-uranian-irregular-moons-were.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/07/nine-uranian-irregular-moons-were.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Prospero, Setebos and Stephano Were Recovered May, June and August 2000." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Aug. 3, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/08/prospero-setebos-and-stephano-were.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/08/prospero-setebos-and-stephano-were.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Stuart Eves Credits William Herschel With Uranian Epsilon Ring in 1789." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Feb. 16, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/02/stuart-eves-credits-william-herschel.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/02/stuart-eves-credits-william-herschel.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Trinculo, Ferdinand and Francisco Were Discovered Aug. 13, 2001." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Aug. 10, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/08/trinculo-ferdinand-and-francisco-were.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/08/trinculo-ferdinand-and-francisco-were.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Uranian Irregular Moons Caliban and Sycorax Were Discovered Sept. 6, 1997." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, July 13, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/07/uranian-irregular-moons-caliban-and.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/07/uranian-irregular-moons-caliban-and.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Uranian Moons Prospero, Setebos and Stephano Were Discovered July 1999." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, July 27, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/07/uranian-moons-prospero-setebos-and.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/07/uranian-moons-prospero-setebos-and.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Uranus the Blue Green Ice Giant: Sideways Seventh Planet From the Sun." Earth and Space News. Friday, March 13, 2015.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/03/uranus-blue-green-ice-giant-sideways.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/03/uranus-blue-green-ice-giant-sideways.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Uranus Discovery 234 Years Ago on March 13, 1781, by Sir William Herschel." Earth and Space News. Friday, March 13, 2015.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/03/uranus-discovery-234-years-ago-on-march.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/03/uranus-discovery-234-years-ago-on-march.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "Voyager 2 Images December 1985 to January 1986 Revealed 11 New Moons." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, June 5, 2024.
Available @
Available @
Marriner, Derdriu. "William Herschel Discovered First Two Uranian Moons on Jan. 11, 1787." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Jan. 12, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/01/william-herschel-discovered-first-two.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/01/william-herschel-discovered-first-two.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "William Herschel First Glimpsed Uranian Ring System on March 4, 1787." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Feb. 2, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/02/william-herschel-first-glimpsed-uranian.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/02/william-herschel-first-glimpsed-uranian.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "William Herschel Observed Flattened Polar Regions on Uranian Disk." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Feb. 23, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/02/william-herschel-observed-flattened.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/02/william-herschel-observed-flattened.html
Marriner, Derdriu. "William Herschel Saw Uranian Rings But Puzzling Views Created Doubt." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Feb. 9, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/02/william-herschel-saw-uranian-rings-but.html
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/02/william-herschel-saw-uranian-rings-but.html
Marsden, Brian G., ed. "Satellites and Rings of Uranus." Harvard University Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams CBAT. International Astronomical Union Circular (IAUC) No. 4168. Jan. 27, 1986.
Available via CBAT @ http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/04100/04168.html#item1
Available via CBAT @ http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/04100/04168.html#item1
Marsden, Brian G., ed. "Satellites of Uranus." Harvard University Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams CBAT. International Astronomical Union Circular (IAUC) No. 4164. Jan. 16, 1986.
Available via CBAT @ http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/04100/04164.html#Item1
Available via CBAT @ http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/04100/04164.html#Item1
Marsden, Brian G., ed. "Satellites of Uranus: Corrigendum." Harvard University Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams CBAT. International Astronomical Union Circular (IAUC) No. 4165. Jan. 17, 1986.
Available via CBAT @ http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/04100/04165.html#Item6
Available via CBAT @ http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/04100/04165.html#Item6
Munsell, Kirk, acting ed. "Uranus: Moons: Rosalind." NASA Solar System Exploration (SSE) > Planets > Uranus > Moons > 8. Rosalind.
Available via Internet Archive Wayback Machine @ https://web.archive.org/web/20070801203825/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Ura_Rosalind
Available via Internet Archive Wayback Machine @ https://web.archive.org/web/20070801203825/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Ura_Rosalind
NASA Hubblesite. "Features in the Uranus System." NASA Hubblesite > Images > Hubble Heritage.
Available via NASA Hubblesite @ https://hubblesite.org/contents/media/images/2005/33/1798-Image.html
Available via NASA Hubblesite @ https://hubblesite.org/contents/media/images/2005/33/1798-Image.html
NASA Hubblesite. "Newly Discovered Moons and Rings of Uranus (Annotated)." NASA Hubblesite > Image > Hubble Heritage.
Available via NASA Hubblesite @ https://hubblesite.org/contents/media/images/2005/33/1801-Image.html
Available via NASA Hubblesite @ https://hubblesite.org/contents/media/images/2005/33/1801-Image.html
NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory; and Naomi Hartono, page ed. "Voyager Mission Celebrates 30 Years Since Uranus." NASA > Solar System. Jan. 22, 2016.
Available @ https://www.nasa.gov/solar-system/voyager-mission-celebrates-30-years-since-uranus/
Available @ https://www.nasa.gov/solar-system/voyager-mission-celebrates-30-years-since-uranus/
NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Solar System Dynamics. "Planetary Satellite Discovery Circumstances." NASA JPL SSD (NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Solar System Dynamics) > Planetary Satellites. These data were last updated 2023-May-23.
Available via NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Solar System Dynamics (SSD) @ https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sats/discovery.html
Available via NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Solar System Dynamics (SSD) @ https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sats/discovery.html
Overbye, Dennis. "Bradford Smith, Who Showed Postcards From Outer Space, Dies at 86." The New York Times > Obituaries. July 11, 2018.
Available @ https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/11/obituaries/bradford-smith-86-dies-showed-postcards-from-outer-space.html
Available @ https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/11/obituaries/bradford-smith-86-dies-showed-postcards-from-outer-space.html
Owen, W.M. (William Mann), Jr.; and S.P. (Stephen P.) Synnott. "Orbits of the Ten Small Satellites of Uranus." The Astronomical Journal, vol. 93 (May 1987): 1268-1271. DOI 10.1086/114409.
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987AJ.....93.1268O/abstract
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1987AJ.....93.1268O
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1987AJ.....93.1268O
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987AJ.....93.1268O/abstract
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1987AJ.....93.1268O
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1987AJ.....93.1268O
Paradis, Samuel; Chris Moeckel; and Imke de Pater. "Near-IR photometry of the small Uranian satellites with Keck at phase angles 0–2°." Icarus, vol. 391 (February 2023): Article 115331.
Available via ScienceDirect @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019103522004237
Available via ScienceDirect @ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019103522004237
Plotner, Tammy. What's Up 2007: 365 Days of Skywatching by Tammy Plotner. Universe Today, Nov. 29, 2006.
Available @ https://fatduck.org/nonhtml/365days2007.pdf
Available via Lulu Press @ https://www.lulu.com/shop/tammy-plotner/whats-up-2007-365-days-of-skywatching/paperback/product-584371.html
Available @ https://fatduck.org/nonhtml/365days2007.pdf
Available via Lulu Press @ https://www.lulu.com/shop/tammy-plotner/whats-up-2007-365-days-of-skywatching/paperback/product-584371.html
Pultarova, Tereza. "Scientists create most detailed map of Uranus' mysterious auroras to date." Space > The Universe > Solar System > Uranus. Last updated Oct. 19, 2021.
Available @ https://www.space.com/uranus-observation-infrared-aurora-map
Available @ https://www.space.com/uranus-observation-infrared-aurora-map
Sabia, Steven. "NASA’s Webb Rings in Holidays With Ringed Planet Uranus." NASA > Missions > James Webb Space Telescope. Dec. 18, 2023. Last updated Jan 09, 2024.
Available @ https://www.nasa.gov/missions/webb/nasas-webb-rings-in-holidays-with-ringed-planet-uranus/
Available @ https://www.nasa.gov/missions/webb/nasas-webb-rings-in-holidays-with-ringed-planet-uranus/
Sfair, R. (Rafael); and S.M. (Silvia Maria) Giuliatti Winter. "Orbital evolution of the μ and ν dust ring particles of Uranus." Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 505, issue 2 (October 2009: 845-852. DOI 10.1051/0004-6361/200911886.
Available via Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A) @ https://www.aanda.org/component/article?access=bibcode&bibcode=&bibcode=2009A%2526A...505..845SFUL
Available via Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A) @ https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2009/38/aa11886-09.pdf
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009A%26A...505..845S/abstract
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2009/38/aa11886-09.pdf
Available via Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A) @ https://www.aanda.org/component/article?access=bibcode&bibcode=&bibcode=2009A%2526A...505..845SFUL
Available via Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A) @ https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2009/38/aa11886-09.pdf
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009A%26A...505..845S/abstract
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2009/38/aa11886-09.pdf
Showalter, Mark R.; and Jack J. Lissauer. "The Second Ring-Moon System of Uranus: Discovery and Dynamics." Science, vol. 311, issue 5763 (Feb. 17, 2006): 973-977. DOI 10.1126/science.1122882.
Available @ https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1122882
Available @ https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1122882
Smith, B. A.; G.A. Briggs; G.E. Danielson; A.F. Cook; M.E. Davies; G.E. Hunt; H. Masursky; L.A. Soderblom; T.C. Owen; C. Sagan; and V.E. Suomi. "Voyager Imaging Experiment." Space Science Reviews, vol 21, issue 2 (November 1977): 103-127. DOI 10.1007/BF00200847.
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1977SSRv...21..103S/abstract
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1977SSRv...21..103S
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1977SSRv...21..103S
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1977SSRv...21..103S/abstract
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1977SSRv...21..103S
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1977SSRv...21..103S
Smith, B.A.; L.A. Soderblom; R. Beebe; D. Bliss; J.M. Boyce; A. Brahic; G.A. Briggs; R.H. Brown; S.A. Collins; A.F. Cook II; S.K. Croft; J.N. Cuzzi; G.E. Danielson; M.E. Davies; T.E. Dowling; D. Godfrey; C.J. Hansen; C. Harris; G.E. Hunt; A.P. Ingersoll; T.V. Johnson; R.J. Krauss; H. Masursky; D. Morrison; T. Owen; J.B. Plescia; J.B. Pollack; C.C. Porco; K. Rages; C. Sagan; E.M. Shoemaker; L.A. Sromovsky; C. Stoker; R.G. Strom; V.E. Suomi; S.P. Synnott; R.J. Terrile; P. Thomas; W.R. Thompson; and J. Veverka. (4 July 1986). "Voyager 2 in the Uranian System: Imaging Science Results". Science, vol. 233, no. 4759 (July 4, 1986): 43–64. DOI 10.1126/science.233.4759.43.
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986Sci...233...43S/abstract
Available via JSTOR @ https://www.jstor.org/stable/1697495
Available via Zenodo @ https://zenodo.org/records/1230972
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstracts) @ https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986Sci...233...43S/abstract
Available via JSTOR @ https://www.jstor.org/stable/1697495
Available via Zenodo @ https://zenodo.org/records/1230972
Uri, John. "35 Years Ago: Voyager 2 Explores Uranus." NASA > History. Jan. 22, 2021.
Available @ https://www.nasa.gov/history/35-years-ago-voyager-2-explores-uranus/
Available @ https://www.nasa.gov/history/35-years-ago-voyager-2-explores-uranus/
Weishaupt, Jeff. "How Many Moons Does Uranus Have? (Facts, & FAQ)." Optics Mag > Blog. Last updated July 15, 2023.
Available @ https://opticsmag.com/how-many-moons-does-uranus-have/
Available @ https://opticsmag.com/how-many-moons-does-uranus-have/
Wilford, John Noble. "Evidence of Magnetic Field Is Found." The New York Times > Special to The New York Times. Jan. 24, 1986.
Available @ https://www.nytimes.com/1986/01/24/us/evidence-of-magnetic-field-is-found.html
Available @ https://www.nytimes.com/1986/01/24/us/evidence-of-magnetic-field-is-found.html
Williams, David "Dave" R. "Puck (UXV, S/1985 U1)." NSSDCA (NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive) Uranian Satellite Fact Sheet > Bulk Parameters > Lesser Satellites. Last updated Feb. 21, 2019.
Available via NASA GSFC (Goddard Space Flight Center) NSSDCA (NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive) @ https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/uraniansatfact.html
Available via NASA GSFC (Goddard Space Flight Center) NSSDCA (NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive) @ https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/uraniansatfact.html
Williams, David "Dave" R. "Uranus Rings Fact Sheet." NSSDCA (NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive) > Solar System Exploration > Uranus > Uranian Rings Fact Sheet. Last updated Oct. 14, 2015.
Available via NASA GSFC (Goddard Space Flight Center) NSSDCA (NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive) @ https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/uranringfact.html
Available via NASA GSFC (Goddard Space Flight Center) NSSDCA (NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive) @ https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/uranringfact.html
Williams, David "Dave" R.; and Jay Friedlander. "Puck -- Voyager 2." NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive (NSSDC) > Catalog of Spaceborne Imaging.
Available via NSSDC @ https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/imgcat/html/object_page/vg2_2683716.html
Available via NSSDC @ https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/imgcat/html/object_page/vg2_2683716.html
Zendexor. "Uranus." Solar System Heritage > Our Solar System > Uranus and Its Moons.
Available @ https://www.solarsystemheritage.com/uranus.html
Available @ https://www.solarsystemheritage.com/uranus.html
No comments:
Post a Comment
Note: Only a member of this blog may post a comment.