Sept. 15, 1875, Penumbral Lunar Eclipse Belonged to Saros Cycle 106

Summary: The Wednesday, Sept. 15, 1875, penumbral lunar eclipse belonged to Saros cycle 106, a series of 73 similar lunar eclipses.

The sixth century's July 27, 0595, penumbral lunar eclipse, which neared the penumbra's northern edge, opened Saros cycle 106 as the first of the cycle's 73 similar lunar eclipses: Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC), via NASA Eclipse Web Site

The Wednesday, Sept. 15, 1875, penumbral lunar eclipse belonged to Saros cycle 106, which comprised 73 similar lunar eclipses.

The lunar Saros cycle gathers lunar eclipses with similar geometries into families, known as series. For example, all lunar eclipses in a particular Saros cycle share occurrence at the same lunar node. The set of ascending and descending nodes marks the two intersections of the lunar orbit with Earth's orbit. The ascending node identifies with southward movement away from the node. The descending node associates with northward movement away from the node.

All 73 of the lunar eclipses in Saros cycle 106 took place at the moon's ascending node. As such, each successive lunar eclipse in the Saros cycle 106 lineup exhibited southward movement away from the node.

A Saros cycle approximates 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). Specifically, Saros cycle 106 endured for 1,298.17 years, according to NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) Eclipse Web Site's eclipse predictions by NASA astrophysicist, now retired, Fred Espenak. Saros cycle 106 spanned 14 centuries, from the sixth century to the 19th century.

Saros cycle 106 comprised 27 penumbral lunar eclipses, 19 partial lunar eclipses and 27 total lunar eclipses. The 73 lunar eclipses in Saros cycle 106 observed an order of five, same-eclipse sets. The first set comprised 19 of Saros cycle 106's 27 penumbral lunar eclipses. The second set contained 10 of Saros cycle 106's 19 partial lunar eclipses. The third set featured the cycle's 27 total lunar eclipses. The fourth set offered the last nine of the cycle's 19 partial lunar eclipses. The fifth and last set comprised the last eight of the cycle's 27 penumbral lunar eclipses.

Saros cycle 106 opened July 27, 0595, with a penumbral lunar eclipse. Saros cycle 106 closed Monday, Sept. 25, 1893, with a penumbral lunar eclipse. The opening eclipse's occurrence near the penumbra's northern edge and the closing eclipse's occurence near the penumbra's southern edge reflected the progressively southward movement of each succeeding eclipse in Saros cycle 106.

The Wednesday, Sept. 15, 1875, penumbral lunar eclipse numbered as 72nd in the Saros cycle 106 lineup of 73 lunar eclipses. The September 1875 lunar event appeared as eighth in the cycle's fifth set, which comprised the cycle's last nine penumbral lunar eclipses.

The September 1875 penumbral lunar eclipse's predecessor was the penumbral lunar eclipse of Friday, Sept. 4, 1857. The September 1857 lunar event numbered as seventh in Saros 106 cycle's nine-member fifth set and as 71st in the Saros cycle 106 lineup of 73 lunar eclipses.

The September 1875 penumbral lunar eclipse's successor was the Monday, Sept. 25, 1893, penumbral lunar eclipse. The September 1893 lunar event closed the fifth set as the set's ninth and last penumbral lunar eclipse and ended Saros cycle 106 as the cycle's 73rd and last member.

Saros 106 cycle's fifth and last set, which comprised nine penumbral lunar eclipses, covered two centuries, from the 18th century to the 19th century. The penumbral lunar eclipse of Saturday, July 11, 1767, numbered as the fifth set's first member. The July 1767 lunar event took place as 66th in the Saros cycle 106 lineup of 73 lunar eclipses.

The NASA Eclipse Web Site's extreme durations predicted by American astronomer Fred Espenak (born 1953) and Belgian mathematical astronomer Jean Meeus (born Dec. 12, 1928) recognize the Feb. 7, 0920, penumbral lunar eclipse as Saros 106 cycle's longest penumbral lunar eclipse. The 10th century lunar event had a duration of 4 hours 17 minutes 13 seconds. The February 0920 penumbral lunar eclipse closed Saros 106 cycle's first set as the 19-member penumbral lunar eclipse set's 19th and last eclipse. The February 0920 penumbral lunar eclipse also numbered as 19th in the Saros cycle 106 lineup of 73 similar lunar eclipses.

The Monday, Sept. 25, 1893 penumbral lunar eclipse, which closed Saros cycle 106, rated as the cycle's shortest penumbral lunar eclipse. The September 1893 penumbral lunar eclipse had a duration of only 38 minutes 56 seconds.

The takeaways for the Wednesday, Sept. 15, 1875, penumbral lunar eclipse belonging to Saros cycle 106 are that the event numbered as eighth in the cycle's fifth set, which featured the cycle's last nine penumbral lunar eclipses; that its occurrence as 72nd in the Saros cycle 106 lineup of 73 lunar eclipses distinguished it as the next-to-the-last eclipse in Saros cycle 106; and that the Feb. 7, 0920, penumbral lunar eclipse qualified as the cycle's longest penumbral lunar eclipse, with a duration of 4 hours 17 minutes 13 seconds, while the Sept. 25, 1893, penumbral lunar eclipse, closed Saros cycle 106 as the cycle's 73rd and last eclipse and as the cycle's shortest penumbral lunar eclipse, with a duration of only 38 minutes 56 seconds.

The 19th century's Monday, Sept. 25, 1893, penumbral lunar eclipse, which neared the penumbra's southern edge, closed Saros cycle 106 as the cycle's 73rd and last eclipse: Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC), via NASA Eclipse Web Site

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

The sixth century's July 27, 0595, penumbral lunar eclipse, which neared the penumbra's northern edge, opened Saros cycle 106 as the first of the cycle's 73 similar lunar eclipses: Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC), via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCLEmap/0501-0600/LE0595-07-27N.gif

The 19th century's Monday, Sept. 25, 1893, penumbral lunar eclipse, which neared the penumbra's southern edge, closed Saros cycle 106 as the cycle's 73rd and last eclipse: Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC), via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCLEmap/1801-1900/LE1893-09-25N.gif

For further information:

Espenak, Fred. "Penumbral 0595 Jul 27." NASA Eclipse Web Site > Lunar Eclipses > Lunar Eclipse Catalogs > Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series > Summary of Saros Series 101 to 125 > Saros Series 106.
Available @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCLEmap/0501-0600/LE0595-07-27N.gif

Espenak, Fred. "Penumbral Feb 07." NASA Eclipse Web Site > Lunar Eclipses > Lunar Eclipse Catalogs > Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series > Summary of Saros Series 101 to 125 > Saros Series 106.
Available @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCLEmap/0901-1000/LE0920-02-07N.gif

Espenak, Fred. "Penumbral 1767 Jul 11." NASA Eclipse Web Site > Lunar Eclipses > Lunar Eclipse Catalogs > Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series > Summary of Saros Series 101 to 125 > Saros Series 106.
Available @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCLEmap/1701-1800/LE1767-07-11N.gif

Espenak, Fred. "Penumbral 1857 Sep 04." NASA Eclipse Web Site > Lunar Eclipses > Lunar Eclipse Catalogs > Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series > Summary of Saros Series 101 to 125 > Saros Series 106.
Available @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCLEmap/1801-1900/LE1857-09-04N.gif

Espenak, Fred. "Penumbral 1875 Sep 15." NASA Eclipse Web Site > Lunar Eclipses > Lunar Eclipse Catalogs > Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series > Summary of Saros Series 101 to 125 > Saros Series 106.
Available @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCLEmap/1801-1900/LE1875-09-15N.gif

Espenak, Fred. "Penumbral 1875 Sep 15." NASA Eclipse Web Site > Lunar Eclipses > Lunar Eclipse Publications Online > Supplemental Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses > Index to Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses > Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: 1801 to 1900 (1801 CE to 1900 CE).
Available @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCLEmap/1801-1900/LE1875-09-15N.gif

Espenak, Fred. "1893 Sep 25." NASA Eclipse Web Site > Lunar Eclipses > Lunar Eclipse Catalogs > Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series > Summary of Saros Series 101 to 125 > Saros Series 106.
Available @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCLEmap/1801-1900/LE1893-09-25N.gif

Espenak, Fred. "Penumbral Lunar Eclipse of 1875 Sep 15." EclipseWise Web Site > Lunar Eclipses > Lunar Eclipse Links > Six Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses > Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: 1801 to 1900 (1801 CE to 1900 CE).
Available @ http://www.eclipsewise.com/lunar/LEprime/1801-1900/LE1875Sep15Nprime.html

Espenak, Fred. "Saros 106." EclipseWise > Lunar Eclipses > Lunar Eclipse Links > Saros Catalog of Lunar Eclipses > Summary of Saros Series 91 to 120.
Available @ http://www.eclipsewise.com/lunar/LEsaros/LEsaros106.html

Espenak, Fred. "Saros Series 106." NASA Eclipse Web Site > Lunar Eclipses > Lunar Eclipse Catalogs > Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series > Summary of Saros Series 101 to 125.
Available @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/LEsaros/LEsaros106.html

Marriner, Derdriu. "Aug. 14, 1886, Penumbral Lunar Eclipse Belonged to Saros Cycle 107." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Aug. 18, 2021.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/08/aug-14-1886-penumbral-lunar-eclipse.html

Marriner, Derdriu. "Aug. 14, 1886, Penumbral Lunar Eclipse Was Third 1886 Lunar Eclipse." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Aug. 11, 2021.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2021/08/aug-14-1886-penumbral-lunar-eclipse-was.html