Durio Dulcis Botanical Illustrations, Sweet Red Jungle Durian Images

Summary: Durio dulcis botanical illustrations and sweet red jungle durian images get the foulest, reddest, stubbornest, sweetest, yellowest of nine edible durians.

illustration of Durio dulcis by G. Anichini for Odoardo Beccari's description, Malesia (1889), vol. III, Plate XIX: Not in copyright, via Biodiversity Heritage Library

Durio dulcis botanical illustrations and sweet red jungle durian images assemble distribution ranges, life cycles and physical appearances of the foulest-smelling, sweetest-tasting of the nine edible of 30 durian fruit tree species.

Sweet red jungle durians bear the common names durian maranagang, durian merangang, kitong and lahong in Borneo and Kalimantan, Indonesia; and in Sabah and Sarawak, Malaysia. They carry the scientific name Durio dulcis from the Malay word duri for "thorn" and the Latin word dulcis for "sweet" because of spine-covered, sweet-tasting fruits. Their scientific names as southeast Asian members of the Malvaceae mallow family derive from scientific descriptions in 1889 by Odoardo Beccari (Nov. 16, 1843-Oct. 25, 1920).

Sweet red jungle durians emit the most execrable smells of nine edible durians even as they ensure the most exquisite eating experiences with their delectable flesh.

September through February, October through January and November through January furnish sweet red jungle durians with respective flowering, fruiting and seeding months in Indonesia and Malaysia.

The brown seeds from sweet red jungle durian fruits germinate in light sandy, somewhat clayey, somewhat loamy, moist, sunny, well-drained soils with lowland mixed forest seedlings. Black- to brown-red husks with black-tipped, cone-shaped, not durian-typical pyramid-shaped, slender, yellow, 0.59- to 0.79-inch- (15- to 20-millimeter-) long spines harbor caramel-yellow, fleshy, seed-filled, turpentine-smelling fruits. Absence of a weakened seam from stem to tip individualizes sweet red jungle durians from other edible species and inhibits opening durian fruits without machete-like instruments.

Durio dulcis botanical illustrations and sweet red jungle durian images juggle 6- to 10-inch (15.24- to 25.4-centimeter) diameter fruits after pink-blooming inflorescences journey over older branches.

Only sweet red jungle durian fruits, not the 131.23- to 141.08-foot- (40- to 43-meter-) tall, 31.49-inch (80-centimeter) diameter trees, keep mint chocolate-like tastes and turpentine-like smells.

Slight turpentine-like scents linger throughout sweet red jungle durian tree leaves, whose elliptical under- and upper-sides look respectively glossy green and golden yellow, with pointed tips. Sweet red jungle durian trees maintain slight turpentine-like scents throughout pink-brown, red or red-brown dead, innermost heartwood and brown-, red- or white-yellow living sapwood outermost interiors. They need mixed dipterocarp (from the Greek δίς, dís, "twice"; πτερόν, pterón, "wing"; and καρπός, karpós, "fruit") forests up through 2,624.67-foot (800-meter) altitudes above sea level.

Relative humidity at 80 percent, soil pHs between 6 and 7 and temperatures between 77 and 86 degrees Fahrenheit (25 and 30 degrees Celsius) optimize sustainability.

Durio dulcis botanical illustrations and sweet red jungle images present low-cost, non-durable, semi-smelly timber and scrumptious, spiny, stinky fruits for agro-industrialists, builders, herbalists, manufacturers and wood-workers.

Furniture, packing cases and veneer plywood for light construction of smaller commercial and residential buildings qualify as commonest local uses of sweet red jungle durian timber. Coarse-textured, somewhat lustrous, straight- to interlocking-grained sweet red jungle durian wood products retain no resistance to powder-post beetles and termites and reveal tendencies toward cupping boards. The International Union for Conservation of Nature serves sweet red jungle durian trees with vulnerable statuses for declining populations and degraded habitats from agro-industrialized, logged niches.

Durio dulcis botanical illustrations and sweet red jungle durian images team red-hulled, yellow-fleshed, yellow-spined fruits with mint- chocolate tastes and, alongside golden-green-leaved brown-yellow wood, turpentine-like scents.

red durian (Durio dulcis); Kalimantan, Indonesia; Monday, Jan. 23, 2012, 14:03: Arief Rahman Saan (Ezagren), Use for any purpose, provided that the copyright holder is properly attributed, via Wikimedia Commons

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

illustration of Durio dulcis by G. Anichini for Odoardo Beccari's description, Malesia (1889), vol. III, Plate XIX: Not in copyright, via Biodiversity Heritage Library @ https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46108866

red durian (Durio dulcis); Kalimantan, Indonesia; Monday, Jan. 23, 2012, 14:03: Arief Rahman Saan (Ezagren), Use for any purpose, provided that the copyright holder is properly attributed, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lahung.jpg

For further information:

Beccari, Odoardo. 1889. "6. Durio dulcis Becc. sp. n." Malesia: Raccolta di Osservazione Botaniche Intorno alle Piante dell'Arcipelago Indo-Malese e Papuano, volume terzo: 243-244. Firenze-Roma, Italy: Fratelli Bencini, 1886-1890.
Available via Biodiversity Heritage Library @ https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46108944

"Durio dulcis Becc." Tropicos® > Name Search.
Available @ http://www.tropicos.org/Name/100327434

Gasik, Lindsay. 21 January 2014. Year of the Durian. Amazon Digital Services LLC.

Kostermans, A.J.G.H. (André Guillaume Henri). "The Genus Durio Adans. (Bombac.): 8. Durio dulcis Becc. -- Figure 12, a, b, 13." December 1958. Reinwardtia, vol. 4, part 3: 47-150: 68-72. Kebun Raya, Indonesia: Herbarium Bogoriense.
Available via Research Center for Biology-LIPI @ http://e-journal.biologi.lipi.go.id/index.php/reinwardtia/article/view/1008/874

Marriner, Derdriu. 10 October 2014. "Durio Grandiflorus Botanical Illustrations and Ghost Durian Images." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/10/durio-grandiflorus-botanical.html

Lim, T.K. (Tong Kwee). 2012. Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants: Volume 1, Fruits. Dordrecht, Netherlands; Heidelberg, Germany; London, England; New York NY: Springer.

Subhadrabandhu, Suranant; and Saichol Ketsa. 2001. Durian: King of Tropical Fruit. CABI (Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International). Wellington, New Zealand: Daphne Brasell Associates.

World Conservation Monitoring Centre. 1998. "Durio dulcis." The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1998: e.T34565A9871175. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.1998.RLTS.T34565A9871175.en.
Available @ http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/34565/0