Pores Aid Greenland Sharks During Climate Change in South with the Sun

Summary: Snout pores aid Greenland sharks against Arctic thaw, Greenland thaw, Greenland ice melt as climate change in South with the Sun by Lynne Cox.

“And there’s many people out there who want us to move to the next planet already and I’m like, hang on, let’s not give up on this planet yet," William, Prince of Wales, July 31, 2023, Sorted Food food truck, London, England, United Kingdom.

The silvery, whitish dots freckling the Greenland shark's squamous (Latin: squāmōsus, "scaly," from squāma, "scale") snout are the Ampullae of Lorenzini. The tiny dots are mucous-filled pores that form a network of sense organs, known as electroreceptors, for detecting electric fields.
ventral view of sleeper shark Somniosidae family member Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus) in Baie Comeeau, Quebec, Canada, Saint Lawrence River, Atlantic Ocean, photographed by London, England-born, Vancouver Island, Canada-based marine and terrestrial wildlife photographer, Elasmodiver and SharksAndRays websites creator and exploration leader Andy Murch: Sharks and Rays, via Facebook Oct. 17, 2013

Snout pores aid Greenland sharks that are sensitive to electrical, electrochemical, electromagnetic fields against Arctic thaw, Greenland thaw, Greenland ice melt as climate change in South with the Sun by Lynne Cox.

Record-breaking open-water swimmer Lynne Cox in South with the Sun: Roald Amundsen, His Polar Explorations, & His Quest for Discovery broaches Greenland sharks as swimming bycatch. The Discovery Channel on television programming in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada considered Greenland sharks even as a "shark expert" calls such polar sharks "very dangerous" (Cox:68-69). That program displayed a Greenland shark with daunting dimensions at 15 feet (4.572 meters) long even as that shark directs herself/himself, not at all dangerously, slowly.

The afore-encountered expert emphasized the "sluggish" (Cox:69) existence of Greenland sharks even as that expert explains Greenland sharks eating land- and sea-world life and same-species sharks.

Greenland sharks feature flesh poisonous, toxic to air-, land-, sea-world life forms even as such poisons, such toxins frustrate no Greenland sharks feeding upon one another.

Their diets as hunting, scavenging predators guide Greenland sharks to fresh-bodied crabs and salmon and to such flesh as dead polar-bear, reindeer, seal and whale bodies. Adam Ravtech, documentary film-maker for 60 Minutes and shark research-lab acquaintance of Lynne Cox at California State University at Long Beach 20 years previously, holds otherwise. Shark research and 20-year investigations of polar-bear and walrus sea-ice inhabitants identify the latter two species as more injurious than Greenland sharks to human polar-world intrusions.

South with the Sun by Lynne Cox judges climate change as jeopardizing polar-bear and walrus species even as Greenland sharks with snout pores journey more judiciously.

On Tuesday, June 16, 1903, Roald Amundsen (Roald Engelbregt Gravning Amundsen; July 16, 1872-c. June 18, 1928), with a six-member crew and six sled dogs, sailed from Norway's capital, then named Christiania (since 1624; Kristiania, since 1877; Oslo, since 1925), on Gjöa, a forty-seven-ton reinforced herring boat. On Friday, July 24, preparatory to crossing the North Atlantic Ocean for his 1903 to 1906 traversal of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago's Northwest Passage sea route, Roald Amundsen stopped at Godhavn (Greenlandic: Qeqertarsuaq), southern Disco Island, western Disco Bay, off Greenland's central west coast.
In January 2005 Boston, Massachusetts-born, Seal Beach, Orange County, California-based long-distance open water swimmer Lynne Cox (born Jan. 2, 1957) began training for her 2007 swimming of portions of the Northwest Passage, guided by Amundsen's account, as she recounted in "A Dip in the Cold: Swimming the Northwest Passage," published April 14, 2008, in the "Personal History" section of The New Yorker (https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2008/04/21/a-dip-in-the-cold). In addition to the inherently "extreme cold" conditions of her expedition, she "worried about the Greenland shark." California-born American underwater polar cinematographer Adam Ravtech (born Nov. 18, 1961) assured her of his safe experiences with Greenland sharks.
Lynne Cox had expected to shadow Amundsen's Passage traversal by starting her expedition's first swim in Godhavn. Finding the port "too remote," she relocated eastward across Disko Bay to Ilulissat (formerly named Jakobshavn in 1741), central western coastal Greenland.
"View of Godhavn, Disco Island, North Greenland," page 104, in The Countries of the World: Being a Popular Description of the Various Continents, Islands, Rivers, Seas, and Peoples of the Globe (London, 1876) by British author, explorer and scientist Robert Brown (March 23, 1842-Oct. 26, 1895): Not in copyright, via Internet Archive

Climate change kindled no documentary films about Greenland sharks by Adam Ravtech even as documentary film-goers know Greenland sharks from Ravtech films not about climate change.

Film footage located Adam Ravtech a foot (0.3048 meters) from the eyes of a coffee-colored, large-, serrated-, sharp-, white-toothed, massive-headed, 16-foot-long (4.8768-meter-long), small dorsal-finned Greenland shark. Humans meandering through their waters merit no mischief from Greenland sharks even as they never matter to black, Greenland-shark, tiny snout pores as among Greenland-shark munchables. Greenland-shark pores, named ampullae of Lorenzini (Latin amphora -la; "two-handled," Greek ἀμφορεύς ["both-sides bearer," φορεύς φέρω ; Stefano Lorenzini [1652?-after 1678]) niche an "electrically conductive jelly" (Cox:70).

South with the Sun by Lynne Cox observes Greenland sharks, whose snout pores perhaps operate against Arctic thaw, Greenland thaw, Greenland ice melt as climate change.

The ampullae of Lorenzini possess in their snout-pore bases hair-, trigger-like, tiny cilia ("eyelids," Latin cilia) cells whose neurotransmitters presage Greenland-shark brains of perceived proximitous peregrinators.

Greenland-shark snout pores quest the electrical fields that queue from muscle contractions and perhaps from beating hearts, of those movers qualifying as food and non-food sources. They perhaps receive electrochemical fields from such nonprey and prey as those realizing no physical reactions perhaps through paralyzed muscles or perhaps under sea-floor sand retreats. They perhaps sense such electromagnetic fields as that surround our Earth even as such sensitivity perhaps serves to set course direction through coldest, darkest, deepest waters.

Snout pores perhaps tell Greenland sharks to tackle Arctic thaw, Greenland thaw, Greenland ice melt as climate change in South with the Sun by Lynne Cox.

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Dedication

This post is dedicated to the memory of our beloved blue-eyed brother, Charles, who guided the creation of the Met Opera and Astronomy posts on Earth and Space News. We memorialized our brother in "Our Beloved Blue-Eyed Brother, Charles, With Whom We Are Well Pleased," published on Earth and Space News on Thursday, Nov. 18, 2021, an anniversary of our beloved father's death.

Image credits:

The silvery, whitish dots freckling the Greenland shark's squamous (Latin: squāmōsus, "scaly," from squāma, "scale") snout are the Ampullae of Lorenzini. The tiny dots are mucous-filled pores that form a network of sense organs, known as electroreceptors, for detecting electric fields.
ventral view of sleeper shark Somniosidae family member Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus) in Baie Comeeau, Quebec, Canada, Saint Lawrence River, Atlantic Ocean, photographed by London, England-born, Vancouver Island, Canada-based marine and terrestrial wildlife photographer, Elasmodiver and SharksAndRays websites creator and exploration leader Andy Murch: Sharks and Rays, via Facebook Oct. 17, 2013, @ https://www.facebook.com/Elasmodiver/posts/10151625893542854;
Sharks and Rays, via Facebook Oct. 17, 2013, @ https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10151625893542854&set=pb.100041818824511.-2207520000;
Andy Murch, "Greenland Shark: Somniosus microcephalus," via Sharks and Rays @ https://www.sharksandrays.com/greenland-shark/;
Anouk Janess, Interview With Shark Photographer Andy Murch," via VicHighMarine (Victoria High School, BC, Canada) @ https://vichighmarine.ca/interview-with-andy-murch/;
Chris Harvey-Clark, "Unknown Monster, Dreamless Sleeper: the Greenland Shark I.," via Capeia Magazine Feb. 24, 2017, @ https://beta.capeia.com/zoology/2017/02/24/unknown-monster-dreamless-sleeper-the-greenland-shark-i#;
"About Andy Murch," via Animal Images Wildlife Photography @ https://animalimages.net/andy-murch/;
Chris Weber, "The Ancient Shark That Still Hunts in Greenland’s Waters," May 5, 2025, via AnimalsAroundTheGlobe @ https://www.animalsaroundtheglobe.com/the-ancient-shark-that-still-hunts-in-greenlands-waters-1-324111/

On Tuesday, June 16, 1903, Roald Amundsen (Roald Engelbregt Gravning Amundsen; July 16, 1872-c. June 18, 1928), with a six-member crew and six sled dogs, sailed from Norway's capital, then named Christiania (since 1624; Kristiania, since 1877; Oslo, since 1925), on Gjöa, a forty-seven-ton reinforced herring boat. On Friday, July 24, preparatory to crossing the North Atlantic Ocean for his 1903 to 1906 traversal of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago's Northwest Passage sea route, Roald Amundsen stopped at Godhavn (Greenlandic: Qeqertarsuaq), southern Disco Island, western Disco Bay, off Greenland's central west coast.
In January 2005 Boston, Massachusetts-born, Seal Beach, Orange County, California-based long-distance open water swimmer Lynne Cox (born Jan. 2, 1957) began training for her 2007 swimming of portions of the Northwest Passage, guided by Amundsen's account, as she recounted in "A Dip in the Cold: Swimming the Northwest Passage," published April 14, 2008, in the "Personal History" section of The New Yorker (https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2008/04/21/a-dip-in-the-cold). In addition to the inherently "extreme cold" conditions of her expedition, she "worried about the Greenland shark." California-born American underwater polar cinematographer Adam Ravtech (born Nov. 18, 1961) assured her of his safe experiences with Greenland sharks.
Lynne Cox had expected to shadow Amundsen's Passage traversal by starting her expedition's first swim in Godhavn. Finding the port "too remote," she relocated eastward across Disko Bay to Ilulissat (formerly named Jakobshavn in 1741), central western coastal Greenland.
"View of Godhavn, Disco Island, North Greenland," page 104, in The Countries of the World: Being a Popular Description of the Various Continents, Islands, Rivers, Seas, and Peoples of the Globe (London, 1876) by British author, explorer and scientist Robert Brown (March 23, 1842-Oct. 26, 1895): Not in copyright, via Internet Archive @ https://archive.org/details/countriesofworld01brow/page/104/mode/1up

California-born American underwater cinematographer Adam Ravtech (born Nov. 18, 1961) qualifies as "one of a handful of filmmakers to shoot beneath the Polar ice caps," according to An Arctic Journey, the website for his 2024 documentary (https://www.arctic-journey.com/people/): "Rare Encounter with Greenland Shark -- Adam Ravetch," uploaded April 11, 2012, by One World One Ocean, via YouTube @ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JrWEi2SVu8c&t=1s

Each of the Greenland shark's eyes pairs with a large spiracle. Placed above and behind each eye, the spiracles enable Greenland sharks to remain lengthily motionless and to move slowly by extracting oxygen from the water. The spiracles allow for reduced-speed stealth hunting and for energy conservation in the species' "near-freezing environment," as explained in "Requin du Groenland Somniosus Microcephalus" ("Greenland Shark Somniosus Microcephalus"), last updated Oct. 21, 2023, on the St. Lawrence Shark Observatory (ORS; l'Observatoire des requins du Saint-Laurent; founded in 2003 as GEERG, Groupe d'étude sur les élasmobranches et le requin du Groenland; Greenland Shark and Elasmobranch Education and Research Group) website by Jeffrey Hay Gallant, Drummondville, Centre-du-Québec region, Quebec, Central Canada-based underwater photographer and ORS scientific director (https://geerg.ca/greenland-shark/).
"Electroreceptors in a sharks head, including Ampullae of Lorenzini and Lateral Line canals," graphic uploaded to Wikimedia Commons by Chris_huh Tuesday, March 6, 2007, 00:37: Chris_huh (Chris huh), Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Electroreceptors_in_a_sharks_head.svg;
Shark-references, via Facebook March 23, 2014, @ https://www.facebook.com/sharkreferences/posts/726317214055052;
Shark-references, via Facebook March 23, 2014, @ https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=726317214055052&set=pb.100063219728808.-2207520000;
Shark-references, via Facebook March 23, 2014, @ https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=726317214055052&set=a.418492813601373;
R.W. Mckenzie, P.J. Motta and J.R. Rohr, "Comparative squamation of the lateral line canal pores in sharks," Journal of Fish Biology, vol. 84, issue 5 (May 1, 2014), pages 1300-1311; first published March 21, 2014 / https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.12353 / via Wiley Online Library @ https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jfb.12353;
R.W. (Ryan Wilson) Mckenzie, P. (Philip) J. Motta and J. (Jason) R. Rohr, "Comparative squamation of the lateral line canal pores in sharks," Journal of Fish Biology, vol. 84, issue 5 (May 1, 2014), via ResearchGate @ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260994301_Comparative_squamation_of_the_lateral_line_canal_pores_in_sharks;
"Greenland Sharks vs. the World," Greenland Sharks Polar Specialists website, via Weebly @ https://greenlandsharkpolarspecialists.weebly.com/;
"Mission accomplie pour Jeffrey Gallant et son équipe," L'Express de Drummondville, Sep. 30, 2022, via L'Express @ https://www.journalexpress.ca/actualite/mission-accomplie-jeffrey-gallant-equipe-ors-ecomaris-requins-blancs-expedition-ile-brion-drummondville/

Each of the Greenland shark's eyes pairs with a large spiracle. Placed above and behind each eye, the spiracles enable Greenland sharks to remain lengthily motionless and to move slowly by extracting oxygen from the water. The spiracles allow for reduced-speed stealth hunting and for energy conservation in the species' "near-freezing environment," as explained in "Requin du Groenland Somniosus Microcephalus" ("Greenland Shark Somniosus Microcephalus"), last updated Oct. 21, 2023, on the St. Lawrence Shark Observatory (ORS; l'Observatoire des requins du Saint-Laurent; founded in 2003 as GEERG, Groupe d'étude sur les élasmobranches et le requin du Groenland; Greenland Shark and Elasmobranch Education and Research Group) website by Jeffrey Hay Gallant, Drummondville, Centre-du-Québec region, Quebec, Central Canada-based underwater photographer and ORS scientific director (https://geerg.ca/greenland-shark/).
"Electroreceptors in a sharks head, including Ampullae of Lorenzini and Lateral Line canals," graphic uploaded to Wikimedia Commons by Chris_huh Tuesday, March 6, 2007, 00:37: Chris_huh (Chris huh), Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons

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