Monday, April 8, 2024, Total Solar Eclipse Belongs to Saros Series 139

Summary: The Monday, April 8, 2024, total solar eclipse belongs to solar Saros series 139, a family of 71 similar solar eclipses.

Partial solar eclipse of May 17, 1501, opened the 71-member lineup of lunar Saros 139: Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC), via NASA Eclipse Web Site

The Monday, April 8, 2024, total solar eclipse belongs to Saros series 139, which comprises 71 similar solar eclipses.

The Saros cycle, with a duration of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours), governs the periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses. A duration of 12 to 13 centuries and a composition of 70 or more eclipses typify each Saros series.

A similar geometry appears in any two eclipses that occupy the same Saros series because of their separation by one Saros period. Their shared geometry, which places them in the same family, known as a series, entails occurrence at the same lunar node.

The two nodes in the lunar orbit around Earth represent points of intersection with Earth's orbit. The ascending node associates with the southward movement of each subsequent eclipse in an ascending node-occurring Saros series. The descending node reflects the northward movement of each succeeding eclipse in the same descending node-occurring Saros series.

All eclipses in solar Saros 139 series occur at the moon's ascending node. Accordingly, each succeeding eclipse exhibits southward movement by the moon. The northern hemisphere was the setting for the solar Saros 139 cycle's opening eclipse on May 17, 1502. The cycle's closing eclipse, which takes place July 3, 2763, shifts to the southern hemisphere.

Solar Saros series 139 has a total duration of 1,262.11 years. The cycle traverses the 16th through 28th centuries.

Solar Saros series 139 comprises 71 solar eclipses. The cycle sequences through four sets that are ordered as seven partial solar eclipses, 12 hybrid solar eclipses, 43 total solar eclipses and nine partial solar eclipses.

With 43 occurrences, total solar eclipses qualify as the most frequent eclipse type in solar Saros 139 series. The cycle's two partial sets account for a combined total of 16 occurrences, which secures classification as the cycle's second most frequent eclipse type. With 12 occurrences, hybrid solar eclipses rate as the cycle's least frequent eclipse type.

The partial solar eclipse on May 17, 1502, that opened the solar Saros 139 series continentally favored North America via the inclusion of Greenland (Greenlandic: Kalaallit Nunaat; Danish: Grønland), a North American autonomous territory of Denmark (Danish: Kongeriget Danmark; Faroese: Kongsríki Danmarkar; Greenlandic: Kunngeqarfik Danmarki; English: Kingdom of Denmark), in the event's visibility region. The eclipse's visibility region also included Europe via the eclipse visibility eligibility of Northern Europe's Scandinavian (Finnish: Skandinavian niemimaa; Norwegian: skandinaviske halvøya; Swedish: Skandinaviska halvön) and Kola (Russian: Ко́льский полуо́стров, Kolsky poluostrov) peninsulas.

Total solar eclipse of Monday, April 8, 2024, numbers as the 11th of 43 eclipses in solar Saros 139 cycle's 43-member set of total solar eclipses and as 30th in the cycle's 71-member lineup: Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC), via NASA Eclipse Web Site

The Monday, April 8, 2024, total solar eclipse appears in the third of solar Saros 139 cycle's four sets. The April 2024 event numbers as the 11th eclipse in the 43-member set of total solar eclipses and as the 30th eclipse in solar Saros 139 cycle's 71-member lineup. The April eclipse's path of totality continentally favors North America via northern Mexico (Spanish: Estados Unidos Mexicanos; English: United Mexican States); southern, midwestern and eastern United States and eastern Canada. The parameters of the event's partiality continentally include all of North America, except for Alaska, and stretch across Central America to scrape northwestern South America via sparse slices of Colombia (Spanish: República de Colombia; English: Republic of Colombia) and Venezuela (Spanish: República Bolivariana de Venezuela; English: Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela).

Total solar eclipse of Thursday, Dec. 21, 1843, opened solar Saros 139 cycle's set of total solar eclipses as the first of the set's 43 members and as 20th in the cycle's 71-member lineup: Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC), via NASA Eclipse Web Site

A total solar eclipse on Thursday, Dec. 21, 1843, initiated solar Saros 139 cycle's 43-member set of total solar eclipses. The December 1843 total solar eclipse numbered as the first of 43 eclipses in solar Saros 139 cycle's set of total solar eclipses and as the 20th eclipse in the cycle's 71-member lineup. The December 1843 event's path of totality favored Asia via traversals across the Arabian Peninsula, the southern Indian subcontinent and Cà Mau Peninsula (Vietnamese: Bán Đảo Cà Mau) in southernmost Vietnam (Vietnamese: Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam; English: Socialist Republic of Vietnam).

Total solar eclipse of Wednesday, March 29, 2006, which numbered as 10th in Saros 139 cycle's 43-member set of total solar eclipses and as 29th in the cycle's 71-member lineup, was the immediate predecessor of the Monday, April 8, 2024, partial eclipse: Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC), via NASA Eclipse Web Site

A total solar eclipse on Wednesday, March 29, 2006, was the immediate predecessor of the Monday, April 8, 2024, total solar eclipse in solar Saros 139 cycle's set of total solar eclipses. The March 2006 event numbered as the set's 10th eclipse and as the 71-member cycle's 29th eclipse. The March 2006 event's path of totality continentally favored Africa, Europe and Asia.

Total solar eclipse of Sunday, April 20, 2042, numbering as 12th of 43 eclipses in Saros 139 cycle's set of total solar eclipses and as 31st in the cycle's 71-member lineup, is the cycle's immediate successor of the Monday, April 8, 2024, partial eclipse: Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC), via NASA Eclipse Web Site

A total solar eclipse on Sunday, April 20, 2042, occurs as solar Saros 139 cycle's immediate successor of the Monday, April 8, 2024, total solar eclipse. The April 2042 event numbers as the 12th eclipse in the 43-member set of total solar eclipses and as the 31st eclipse in solar Saros 139 cycle's 71-member lineup. The April 2042 event's path of totality favors Maritime Southeast Asia, with visibility eligibility including Indonesia (Indonesian: Republik Indonesia; English: Republic of Indonesia), Borneo and the Philippines (Filipino: Republika ng Pilipinas; English: Republic of the Philippines).

A partial solar eclipse on Wednesday, July 3, 2763, closes solar Saros 139 cycle as the ninth and last of the cycle's nine-member second partial set and as the 71st and last of the cycle's 71-member lineup. The July 2763 event continentally favors Antarctica via East Antarctica's Australian Antarctic Territory (AAT).

Solar Saros series 139 registers a difference of 06 minutes 54 seconds between the cycle's longest and shortest total solar eclipses. The cycle's total solar eclipse on Sunday, July 16, 2186, will endure for 07 minutes 29 seconds. The July 2186 event numbers as 20th in the cycle's 43-member set of total solar eclipses and as the 39th eclipse in the cycle's 71-member lineup. The cycle's total solar eclipse on Thursday, March 26, 2601, will last for only 00 minutes 35 seconds. The March 2601 event will close the cycle's 43-member set of total solar eclipses as the set's 43rd and last eclipse. The cycle's shortest total solar eclipse numbers as the 62nd eclipse in the cycle's lineup of 71 eclipses.

Partial eclipse of Wednesday, July 3, 2763, closes Saros 139 cycle's second partial set as the set's ninth and last eclipse and as the 71st and last eclipse in the cycle's 71-member lineup: Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC), via NASA Eclipse Web Site

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

Partial solar eclipse of May 17, 1501, opened the 71-member lineup of lunar Saros 139: Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC), via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/1501-1600/1501-05-17.gif

Total solar eclipse of Monday, April 8, 2024, numbers as the 11th of 43 eclipses in solar Saros 139 cycle's 43-member set of total solar eclipses and as 30th in the cycle's 71-member lineup: Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC), via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/2001-2100/2024-04-08.gif

Total solar eclipse of Thursday, Dec. 21, 1843, opened solar Saros 139 cycle's set of total solar eclipses as the first of the set's 43 members and as 20th in the cycle's 71-member lineup: Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC), via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/1801-1900/1843-12-21.gif

Total solar eclipse of Wednesday, March 29, 2006, which numbered as 10th in Saros 139 cycle's 43-member set of total solar eclipses and as 29th in the cycle's 71-member lineup, was the immediate predecessor of the Monday, April 8, 2024, partial eclipse: Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC), via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/2001-2100/2006-03-29.gif

Total solar eclipse of Sunday, April 20, 2042, numbering as 12th of 43 eclipses in Saros 139 cycle's set of total solar eclipses and as 31st in the cycle's 71-member lineup, is the cycle's immediate successor of the Monday, April 8, 2024, partial eclipse: Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC), via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/2001-2100/2042-04-20.gif

Partial eclipse of Wednesday, July 3, 2763, closes Saros 139 cycle's second partial set as the set's ninth and last eclipse and as the 71st and last eclipse in the cycle's 71-member lineup: Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC), via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/2701-2800/2763-07-03.gif

For further information:

Espenak, Fred. "Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series: Solar Eclipses of Saros 0 to 180." NASA Eclipse Web Site > NASA Eclipse Website > Solar Eclipses > Solar Eclipses -- Special Interest > Eclipses and the Saros > Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsaros/SEsaros0-180.html

Espenak, Fred. "Eclipses and the Saros." NASA Eclipse Web Site > Solar Eclipses > Solar Eclipses -- Special Interest.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsaros/SEsaros.html

Espenak, Fred. "Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 139." NASA Eclipse Web Site > NASA Eclipse Website > Solar Eclipses > Solar Eclipses -- Special Interest > Eclipses and the Saros > Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series > Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series: Solar Eclipses of Saros 0 to 180 > Summary of Saros Series 125 to 150 > 139 > Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses: Saros Series 139 > Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 139.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsaros/SEsaros139.html

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Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEdecade/SEdecadetabkey.html

Espenak, Fred. "Partial 1501 May 17." NASA Eclipse Web Site > NASA Eclipse Web Site > Solar Eclipses > Solar Eclipses -- Special Interest > Eclipses and the Saros > Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series > Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series: Solar Eclipses of Saros 0 to 180 > Summary of Saros Series 125 to 150 > 139 > Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses: Saros Series 139 > Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 139 > 08315 -35.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/1501-1600/1501-05-17.gif

Espenak, Fred. "Partial 2763 Jul 03." NASA Eclipse Web Site > NASA Eclipse Website > Solar Eclipses > Solar Eclipses -- Special Interest > Eclipses and the Saros > Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series > Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series: Solar Eclipses of Saros 0 to 180 > Summary of Saros Series 125 to 150 > 139 > Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses: Saros Series 139 > Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 139 > 11303 35.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/2701-2800/2763-07-03.gif

Espenak, Fred. "Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses: Saros Series 139." NASA Eclipse Web Site > NASA Eclipse Website > Solar Eclipses > Solar Eclipses -- Special Interest > Eclipses and the Saros > Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series > Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series: Solar Eclipses of Saros 0 to 180 > Summary of Saros Series 125 to 150 > 139.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsaros/SEsaros139.html

Espenak, Fred. "Total 1843 Dec 21." NASA Eclipse Website > NASA Eclipse Web Site > Solar Eclipses > Solar Eclipses -- Special Interest > Eclipses and the Saros > Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series > Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series: Solar Eclipses of Saros 0 to 180 > Summary of Saros Series 125 to 150 > 139 > Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses: Saros Series 139 > Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 139 > 09148 -16.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/1801-1900/1843-12-21.gif

Espenak, Fred. "Total 2006 Mar 29." NASA Eclipse Web Site > NASA Eclipse Web Site > Solar Eclipses > Solar Eclipses -- Special Interest > Eclipses and the Saros > Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series > Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series: Solar Eclipses of Saros 0 to 180 > Summary of Saros Series 125 to 150 > 139 > Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses: Saros Series 139 > Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 139 > 09521 -07.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/2001-2100/2006-03-29.gif

Espenak, Fred. "Total 2024 Apr 08." NASA Eclipse Web Site > NASA Eclipse Web Site > Solar Eclipses > Solar Eclipses -- Special Interest > Eclipses and the Saros > Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series > Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series: Solar Eclipses of Saros 0 to 180 > Summary of Saros Series 125 to 150 > 139 > Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses: Saros Series 139 > Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 139 > 09561 -06.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/2001-2100/2024-04-08.gif

Espenak, Fred. "Total 2042 Apr 20." NASA Eclipse Web Site > NASA Eclipse Website > Solar Eclipses > Solar Eclipses -- Special Interest > Eclipses and the Saros > Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series > Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series: Solar Eclipses of Saros 0 to 180 > Summary of Saros Series 125 to 150 > 139 > Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses: Saros Series 139 > Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 139 > 09601 -05.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/2001-2100/2042-04-20.gif

Espenak, Fred. "Total 2186 Jul 16." NASA Eclipse Web Site > NASA Eclipse Web Site > Solar Eclipses > Solar Eclipses -- Special Interest > Eclipses and the Saros > Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series > Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series: Solar Eclipses of Saros 0 to 180 > Summary of Saros Series 125 to 150 > 139 > Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses: Saros Series 139 > Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 139 > 09933 03.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/2101-2200/2186-07-16.gif

Espenak, Fred. "Total 2601 Mar 26." NASA Eclipse Web Site > NASA Eclipse Website > Solar Eclipses > Solar Eclipses -- Special Interest > Eclipses and the Saros > Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series > Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series: Solar Eclipses of Saros 0 to 180 > Summary of Saros Series 125 to 150 > 139 > Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses: Saros Series 139 > Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 139 > 10928 26.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/2601-2700/2601-03-26.gif

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