Arboricultural Operation Safety Standards Avert Adverse Events

Summary: Arboricultural Operation Safety Standards, Part II, in Arborist News October 2020 averts adverse equipment/objects, falls and environments/substances.

An arborist observes safety standards while cutting a tree in a residential neighborhood; Wikimedia Commons page created Tuesday, June 4, 2019, via UploadWizard June 4, 2019: TreeMinion15, CC BY SA 4.0 International, via Wikimedia Commons

Arboricultural Operation Safety Standards: A Global Perspective, Part II, by John Ball, Timothy Walsh, Shane Vosberg and Donald Blair for Arborist News October 2020 averts adverse equipment/object contact, falls and environment/substance exposures.

The South Dakota State University-, Davey Tree Expert-, Asplundh Tree Expert- and Blair's Arborist Equipment-based co-authors broach highest-incident falling trees, second-highest falling branches, third-highest chain-saw chains. Pre-work inspections consider biotically bees, poisonous plants; arboristically death, debris, decay, defect, fungi, lean, uprootedness; locationally conductors, lodged trees, terrain; and meteorologically wind direction and force. ANSI Z distances tree-fellers and non-fellers 1.5 and 2 times tree height and designates command-and-response communication, drop zones dimensionlessly wherever branches potentially drop and pruning/rigging plans.

Many arboricultural operation safety standards, especially for tree-felling, piecing-down, pruning episodes, expect two-handed chain-sawing by aerial-device and mobile-platform operators, climbers, and cut-resistant leg protection-encased ground-level workers.

ANSI Z and handsaws aloft-friendly European Arboricultural Council guidelines respectively forbid two-plus ground-level footsteps without engaged brakes and 30-plus-second functioning of idle-run, non-cutting, switched-on chain saws.

Falls to lower levels generate 20 percent of the United Kingdom's arboricultural operation incidents and risk hierarchies of optimal ground-level, next-desirable mobile-platform and undesirable climber work. ANSI Z, European Arboricultural Council and United Kingdom Health Safety Executive load-testing double climber weight, climber bounce and two-people weight hinder climber falls from poor tie-ins. Disconnecting for repositioning from, or severing by chain saws, fall-protection systems impels second climbing or work-positioning lines unless employer investigations identify second lines as more hazardous.

The ANSI Z standards for climbers journeying from ground to tree and back join near-universal prohibitions in arboricultural operation safety standards against free-climbing without fall-protection systems.

Branch density in such conifers as fir and spruce trees keeps Nova Scotia climbers lineless but kindles three of four extremities in contact with tree parts.

The 2017-launched ANSI Z guidelines, which unlike other standards locate handsaws aloft, lack Australian and United Kingdom standards locating aerial buckets at or above branch-cutting levels. Below-ground lines and mandatory training mean fewer electrical hazards, motivating most Exposure to Harmful Substances or Environments event incidents, in Europe than in the United States. Conductor-proximitous work necessitates cardiopulmonary resuscitation, circuit identification at different voltages, electrical hazard recognition, emergency procedures, first aid and minimum approach distances (MADs) training in many countries.

Some arboricultural operation safety standards observe technical training in pruning, dismantling, manual tree-felling and aerial-drive, chain-saw, chipper and mobile-platform operation; and 1,200-hour apprenticeships near energized conductors.

Hazard elimination, isolation and minimization respectively place electrical conductors underground; present MADs as spatial, temporal barriers for two worker categories; and provide certifiable training and apprenticeships.

Qualified arborists quantify United States-only altitude-corrected MADs to 1.524-, 1.524- to 3.048- and 3.048- to 4.267-meter elevations and 0.1- to 0.3-meter MADs from 0.40-volt energized conductors. They respect 0.3- to 0.5-, 0.6- to 1.2- and 0.7- to 1.8-meter MADs from 0.41- to 1.0-, 1.1- to 11.0- and 11.1- to 33.0-volt energized conductors. Non-qualified arborists stand at 0.5- 1.5- and 2.5- to 3.0-meter MADs from under 0.40- to 1.0-, from 1.1- to 11.0- and 11.1- to 33.0-volt energized conductors.

Arboricultural operation safety standards typically tether qualified and non-qualified arborists to respective 1.0- to 1.8- and 3.0- to 4.6-meter MADs from 33.1- to 66.0-volt energized conductors.

Injuries from trees, branches and chain saws number among hazards encountered by arborists; Thursday, April 22, 2010, 08:18: cogdogblog (Alan Levine), CC BY 2.0 Generic, via Wikimedia Commons

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

An arborist observes safety standards while cutting a tree in a residential neighborhood; Wikimedia Commons page created Tuesday, June 4, 2019, via UploadWizard: TreeMinion15, CC BY SA 4.0 International, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cutting_a_Tree.jpg

Injuries from trees, branches and chain saws number among hazards encountered by arborists; Thursday, April 22, 2010, 08:18: cogdogblog (Alan Levine), CC BY 2.0 Generic, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2010-365-112_The_Cut_(4_of_4)_and_The_Toss_(4545048794).jpg; Alan Levine (cogdogblog), Public Domain, via Flickr @ https://www.flickr.com/photos/cogdog/4545048794/

For further information:

Ball, John; Timothy Walsh; Shane J. Vosberg; and Donald F. Blair. October 2020. "Arboricultural Operation Safety Standards: A Global Perspective, Part II." Arborist News 29(5): 14-21.

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Marriner, Derdriu. 12 February 2011. “Tree Load Can Turn Tree Health Into Tree Failure or Tree Fatigue.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/02/tree-load-can-turn-tree-health-into.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 December 2010. “Tree Electrical Safety Knowledge, Precautions, Risks and Standards.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2010/12/tree-electrical-safety-knowledge.html