Biochar Applications Are Best With Compost and Fertilizer Applications

Summary: Biochar applications, along with compost and fertilizer, act on afflicted soils in ecofriendly ways, according to an Arborist News article February 2020.

Burning woody biomass produces biochar, a soil enrichant; Wednesday, May 7, 2014: Oregon Department of Forestry, CC BY 2.0 Generic, via Flickr

Biochar applications assist in ameliorating the estimated 80 percent of above-ground afflictions that acknowledge below-ground abuses of roots and soils, according to an article in the February 2020 issue of Arborist News.

The article Applications of Biochar for Arboriculture bares biological, chemical or nutritional, and physical components of soil properties as co-influentially, interactively building soil quality and suitability. Co-authors Chelsi Abbott and Chris Fields-Johnson configure as biological dead, decomposing organic matter plant roots; soil food web arthropod, detritivore, microbe members and their waste products. Chemical components designate acid, neutral, alkaline pH levels; macronutrients and micronutrients such as iron, magnesium, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; and redox potential (relative availability of oxygen).

Biochar applications embrace physically structural and textural aggregated, layered content of clay, sand, silt particles that expose aeration, infiltrational, percolational water movements; strength; and water-holding capacities.

Incomplete, interrupted, low-oxygen firing of organic-mattered biomass forms charcoal, whose maximum quality and yield, with minimum air pollution, modern biochar manufacturing processes fine-tune for biochar applications.

Biochar applications guarantee greatest successes with biochar that gets light refracted when held up, sound resonating when dropped or struck and biomass burned without producing flames. Their International Biochar Initiative (IBI) standardization, Organic Materials Resources Institute (OMRI) certification and third-party lab verification herald high-quality agricultural/forestry residue, green-landscape waste, recycled, salvaged woody biomass. Biochar applications influence the chemical or nutritional component of soil properties by improving nutrient use availability and efficiency rather than by impacting soil nutrient levels directly.

Biochar applications journey through subsurface soil layers for more judicious microbial habitats and respiration, as biological components of soil properties, not for more direct food sources.

Biochar applications know directest impacts upon physical components of soil properties by kindling long-term air and water porosity, stable macropores and soil aggregates, and downward, outward-penetrating roots.

Environmentally beneficial biochar applications lead to lowered atmospheric carbon levels, green waste, nutrient pollution and stormwater runoff; and, through carbon sequestration, to stable soil carbon levels. Biochar applications best manage compacted, heavy-traffic; container; flooded, poor-draining, slow-drying; organic matter-poor; planter; poorly aggregated, high-clay content; poor nutrient and water-retaining, high-gravel or high-sand content soils. They perhaps need three-plus years to nurse stressed soils back into more navigable, porous, resilient networks for penetrating roots necessitating downward, outward-spreading air, nutrients and water.

Biochar applications observe more immediate benefits when they obtain biological activation by occurring with simultaneous compost, fertilizer, mulch treatments oriented against obstructed micronutrients and pH levels.

The soil renovation process of radial trenching puts one-plus-inch (2.5-plus-centimeter) compost, 0.25-inch (0.6-centimeter) biochar applications through 12-inch (30-centimeter) below-ground depths through root-zone tillage with air tools.

Biochar applications with compost for soil injection, soil renovation, topdressing and vertical mulching queue up singly or in combination with one another or all other quests. Timely establishment and survival versus long-term growth and health require more intensive biochar applications immediately around urban trees versus less intensive biochar applications over root zones. Disturbed soils sometimes suggest the disruptive, expensive biochar applications for immediate, large-scale landscape impacts of compost-supplemented soil renovation over compost-supplemented soil injection, topdressing and vertical mulching.

Environmentally beneficial biochar applications threaten arborists without personal protective equipment with combustion around aerated ignition sources and, if still dusty, with breathing troubles and messy sites.

New vegetation emerges in Yew Creek Forest, Douglas County, southwestern Oregon, from biochar applications, which encourage soil microbial activity via soil nutrient returns; Wednesday, Aug. 28, 2019, 11:23:15: NRCS Oregon, CC BY ND 2.0 Generic, via Flickr

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

Burning woody biomass produces biochar, a soil enrichant; Wednesday, May 7, 2014: Oregon Department of Forestry, CC BY 2.0 Generic, via Flickr @ https://www.flickr.com/photos/oregondepartmentofforestry/16637208254/

New vegetation emerges in Yew Creek Forest, Douglas County, southwestern Oregon, from biochar applications, which encourage soil microbial activity via soil nutrient returns; Wednesday, Aug. 28, 2019, 11:23:15: NRCS Oregon, CC BY ND 2.0 Generic, via Flickr @ https://www.flickr.com/photos/nrcs_oregon/48673943561/

For further information:

Fields-Johnson, Chris; and Chelsi Abbott. February 2020. "Applications of Biochar for Arboriculture." Arborist News 29(1): 12-17.

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