Earth and Space News

Monday, August 6, 2018

Maria Jeritza Sang Title Role in U.S. Turandot Premiere at Met Opera

Summary: Czech soprano Maria Jeritza sang the title role in the U.S. Turandot premiere at Met Opera in 1926 and held the role for four consecutive seasons.

Austrian American designer Gretel Urban and Italian artist Umberto Brunelleschi costumed Czech soprano Maria Jeritza for the title role in the U.S. premiere of Puccini’s Turandot during Met Opera’s 1926-1927 season: Metropolitan Opera @MetOpera, via Twitter Nov. 12, 2015

Czech soprano Maria Jeritza (Oct. 6, 1887-July 10, 1982) sang the title role in the U.S. Turandot premiere at the Metropolitan Opera in 1926 and held the role in Giacomo Puccini’s last opera for four consecutive seasons.

Turandot opened Nov. 16, 1926, as a U.S. premiere at the Metropolitan Opera. Italian conductor Tullio Serafin (Sept. 1, 1878-Feb. 2, 1968) conducted. Italian tenor Giacomo Lauri-Volpi (Dec. 11, 1892-March 17, 1979) appeared as riddle-solving Prince Calaf. American soprano Martha Attwood (October 1886-April 7, 1950) and Czech bass Pavel Ludikar (March 3, 1882-Feb. 19, 1970) made their Met Opera debuts in the roles of self-sacrificing servant Liu and Prince Calaf’s blind, deposed father, Timur, respectively.

Viennese stage director Wilhelm von Wymetal Sr. (1862-Nov. 11, 1937) directed the premiere production. His design team comprised Austrian American set designer Joseph Urban (May 26, 1872-July 10, 1933), Joseph’s costume designer daughter Gretel (Jan. 7, 1898-Dec. 6, 1997) and Italian costume designer Umberto Brunelleschi (June 21, 1879-Feb. 16, 1949).

Including Turandot, Joseph Urban designed eight productions that premiered with Maria Jeritza in principal roles. In addition to Turandot, two operas also opened as U.S. premieres at the Metropolitan Opera. Violanta by Austrian American composer and conductor Erich Korngold (May 29, 1897-Nov. 29, 1957) premiered Nov. 5, 1927, with Maria Jeritza in the title role. Die Ägyptische Helena by German late Romantic and early modern composer Richard Strauss (June 11, 1864-Sept. 8, 1949) premiered Nov. 6, 1928, with Maria Jeritza in the title role.

Two of the eight Urban-designed productions opened as Metropolitan Opera premieres with Maria Jeritza in the title roles. Boccaccio by Austrian Romantic Era composer Franz von Suppé (April 18, 1819-May 21, 1895) premiered Jan. 2, 1931. Von Suppé’s Donna Juanita premiered Jan. 2, 1932.

Three of the eight Urban-designed productions opened as new productions of operas already in the Metropolitan Opera’s repertoire. Thaïs by French Romantic Era composer Jules Massenet (May 12, 1842-Aug. 13, 1912) opened Dec. 14, 1922, with Maria Jeritza in the title role, and with Gretel’s costumes. Tannhäuser by German composer Richard Wagner (May 22, 1813-Feb. 13, 1883) opened Feb. 1, 1923, with Maria Jeritza in the principal role of Elisabeth. (Metropolitan Opera Archives Database lists Mathilde Castel-Bert as costume designer but notes: “Company records suggest that Joseph Urban may have designed some costumes for this production.”) Fedora by Italian composer Umberto Giordano (Aug. 28, 1867-Nov. 12, 1948) opened Dec. 8, 1923, with Maria Jeritza in the title role.

Maria performed principal roles in revivals of new productions designed by Joseph Urban. Wilhelm von Wymetal’s new production of Carmen by French Romantic Era composer Georges Bizet (Oct. 25, 1939-June 3, 1875) debuted Nov. 22, 1923, with Joseph’s set designs and Gretel’s ballet costume designs, and with English dramatic soprano Florence Easton (Oct. 25, 1882-Aug. 13, 1955) in the title role. The 1927-1928 season’s revival featured Maria Jeritza in the title role. Viennese American stage manager Samuel Thewman’s (Feb. 27, 1872-March 22, 1940) new production of Wagner’s Lohengrin debuted Feb. 2, 1921, with Joseph’s designs and with Florence Easton in the principal role of Elsa. The next season’s revival opened Nov. 16, 1921, with Florence Easton as Elsa. The role switched to Maria Jeritza as of the next performance, Dec. 27, 1921.

Maria Jeritza enjoyed a 10-year career at the Metropolitan Opera. She debuted Nov. 19, 1921, at the Metropolitan Opera as Marie/Marietta in Korngold’s Die Tote Stadt (“The Dead City”). Her last Metropolitan Opera role was as Elisabeth in the 1931-1932 season’s production of Richard Wagner’s Tannhäuser. Her final performance as Elizabeth occurred Feb. 12, 1932.

Maria Jeritza returned to the opera house 19 years later to give a special last performance Feb. 22, 1951, in a Benefit for the Metropolitan Opera Fund. She appeared as Rosalinde in an English language version of Die Fledermaus by Austrian light music composer Johann Strauss II (Oct. 25, 1925-June 3, 1899).

The takeaway for Maria Jeritza’s title role in the U.S. Turandot premiere at the Metropolitan Opera is that Puccini’s last opera reunited the Czech soprano with Met Opera’s father-daughter design team of Joseph Urban and Gretel Urban.

Gretel Urban and Umberto Brunelleschi designed costumes for Maria Jeritza as Princess Turandot and Giacomo Lauri-Volpi as Prince Calaf in U.S. Turandot premiere in 1926 at Met Opera: Metropolitan Opera @MetOpera, via Twitter Nov. 16, 2017

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

Costumes for Maria Jeritza as Princess Turandot and Giacomo Lauri-Volpi as Prince Calaf in U.S. Turandot premiere in 1926 at Met Opera were designed by Gretel Urban and Umberto Brunelleschi: Metropolitan Opera @MetOpera, via Twitter Nov. 16, 2017, @ https://twitter.com/MetOpera/status/931194730570027008

For further information:

“Debuts: Maria Jeritza, George Meader.” MetOpera Database > [Met Performance] CID: 79050 United States Premier Die Tote Stadt {1} Matinee ed. Metropolitan Opera House: 11/19/1921.
Available @ http://archives.metoperafamily.org/archives/scripts/cgiip.exe/WService=BibSpeed/fullcit.w?xCID=79050

Italian Genealogical Group and German Genealogy Group. "Samuel Thewman in the New York, New York, U.S., Extracted Death Index, 1862-1948." Ancestry.com > New York, New York, U.S., Extracted Death Index, 1862-1948 [database online]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2014.
Available via Ancestry @ https://search.ancestrylibrary.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=9131&h=4020416

“Maria Jeritza [Last performance].” MetOpera Database > [Met Performance] CID: 156130 Die Fledermaus {22} Metropolitan Opera House: 02/22/1951.
Available @ http://archives.metoperafamily.org/archives/scripts/cgiip.exe/WService=BibSpeed/fullcit.w?xCID=156130

Marriner, Derdriu. “Gretel Urban Designed Costumes for U.S. Turandot Premiere at Met Opera.” Earth and Space News. Monday, July 30, 2018.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/07/gretel-urban-designed-costumes-for-us.html

Marriner, Derdriu. “Joseph Urban Designed Sets for 14 U.S. Premieres at Met Opera.” Earth and Space News. Monday, July 23, 2018.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/07/joseph-urban-designed-sets-for-14-us.html

Marriner, Derdriu. “Joseph Urban Designed Sets for Two World Premieres at Met Opera.” Earth and Space News. Monday, July 16, 2018.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/07/joseph-urban-designed-sets-for-two.html

Marriner, Derdriu. “Mar-a-Lago Architect Joseph Urban Also Designed Sets at Met Opera.” Earth and Space News. Monday, July 9, 2018.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/07/mar-lago-architect-joseph-urban-also.html

Marriner, Derdriu. "Turandot Is March 24, 2018, Met Opera Saturday Matinee Broadcast." Earth and Space News. Monday, March 19, 2018.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/03/turandot-is-march-24-2018-met-opera.html

Metropolitan Opera ‏@MetOpera. “#TBT Maria Jeritza as the proud princess in the US premiere of Puccini's Turandot @ the Met.” Twitter. Nov. 12, 2015.
Available @ https://twitter.com/MetOpera/status/664869985001594880

Metropolitan Opera ‏@MetOpera. “#TBT Turandot premiered at the Met #OTD in 1926 starring Maria Jeritza in the title role and Giacomo Lauri-Volpi as Calàf. Turandot is on stage tonight.” Twitter. Nov. 16, 2017.
Available @ https://twitter.com/MetOpera/status/931194730570027008

“United States Premiere: Turandot.” MetOpera Database > [Met Performance] CID: 94190 United States Premiere Turandot {1} Metropolitan Opera House: 11/16/1926.
Available @ http://archives.metoperafamily.org/archives/scripts/cgiip.exe/WService=BibSpeed/fullcit.w?xCID=94190

U.S. National Archives. "Samuel Thewman." Ancestry.com > New York, U.S., State and Federal Naturalization Records, 1794-1943 [database online]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2013.
Available via Ancestry @ https://search.ancestrylibrary.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&dbid=2280&h=3980662

Sunday, August 5, 2018

Twin-Spotted Spiketail Dragonfly Habitats: Paired Spots and Stripes

Summary: North American twin-spotted spiketail dragonfly habitats in Canada and the United States get eyes briefly touching and paired yellow spots and stripes.

twin-spotted spiketail dragonfly (Cordulegaster maculata); Gildersleeve Mountain, Greater Cleveland Area, Lake County, northeastern Ohio; June 2007: Hans Petruschke (Haans42 at en.wikipedia), CC BY SA 3.0 Unported, via Wikimedia Commons

North American twin-spotted spiketail dragonfly habitats acquaint cultivators with muck, mud and sand, fishers with trout and naturalists with Atlantic and Gulf distribution ranges east into Alberta, Mississippi River shorelands and Texas.

Twin-spotted spiketails bear their common name from spotted abdomens and spiked ovipositors (egg-layers) and the scientific name Cordulegaster maculata (club-shaped belly [with paired yellow] spotted [abdomens]). Common names consolidate the consensus of scientific committees convened by the Dragonfly Society of the Americas to correct the confusion before 1988 concerning non-scientific odonate nomenclature. Descriptions in 1854 by Michel Edmond de Sélys Longchamps (May 25, 1813-Dec. 11, 1900), President-elect of the Belgian Senate, 1880-1884, and world-renowned scientist, determine scientific designations.

Twin-spotted spiketail dragonfly life cycles expect clean, fast-flowing, rocky, spring-fed forest and woodland streams with eddying muddy pools, gravelly, mucky-, muddy-, sandy-bottomed seepages, mayflies and trout.

February through August function as optimal, southernmost flight seasons even though April or May furnishes wildlife mapping opportunities in all North American twin-spotted spiketail habitat niches.

Twin-spotted spiketails get to within one inch (2.54 centimeters) of water surfaces as they go alongside wide streams and side to side over mossy, shallow trickles. They head out faster, and hover less, than all other spiketails when they hunt from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. at, far from, near breeding waters. Breeding and feeding impel hunting, patrolling itineraries even during cloudy, rainy interludes and inspire conspicuously immobile inclinations obliquely, parallel or perpendicular to low-lying stems and twigs.

Ants, assassin flies, biting midges, ducks, falcons, fish, flycatchers, frogs, grebes, lizards, spiders, turtles and water beetles and mites jeopardize North American twin-spotted spiketail dragonfly habitats.

Immature twin-spotted spiketail dragonflies keep dull, faded, light, pale colors and low size ranges even though adult females and males know big black and yellow forms.

Incomplete metamorphosis links eggs laid in running water over gravel, mud and sand, hairy larvae, naiads or nymphs in leaf-, log-laden sand or silt and tenerals. Emergent antennae mark immature, three-year multi-molting underground that metamorphose shiny-winged, soft-bodied tenerals into adults for 30-minute matings in treetops and accordion-like, up-and-down 100 egg-layings a minute. Spiketail members of the Cordulegastridae dragonfly family need aphids, beetles, borers, caddisflies, copepods, crane flies, dobsonflies, gnats, leafhoppers, mayflies, mosquitoes, rotifers, scuds, water fleas and worms.

North American twin-spotted spiketail dragonfly habitats offer season-coldest temperatures, northward to southward, from minus 45 to 20 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 42.11 to minus 6.66 degrees Celsius).

Beech, bellflower, birch, bladderwort, cattail, daisy, grass, greenbrier, heath, laurel, madder, maple, nettle, olive, pepperbush, pine, pondweed, rush, sedge, water-lily and willow families promote twin-spotted spiketails.

Gray or green eyes; double-, yellow-spotted and triangle-patterned black abdomens; clear or smoky wings; and yellow double-, side-striped, single-, shoulder-striped black thoraxes qualify as northern hallmarks. Southerners reveal aqua-blue, gray or sky-blue eyes; double-, pale-spotted and triangle-patterned brown abdomens; clear wings; gray-haired legs; and double-, pale-, side-striped and single-, shoulder-striped brown thoraxes. Adults show off 2.51- to 2.99-inch (64- to 76-millimeter) head-body lengths, 1.85- to 2.28-inch (47- to 58-millimeter) abdomens and 1.49- to 1.93-inch (38- to 49-millimeter) hindwings.

Dark versus pale faces, dullness versus brightness, gray versus blue-green eyes, small versus large spots tell females from males in North American twin-spotted spiketail dragonfly habitats.

male twin-spotted spiketail dragonfly (Cordulegaster maculta): U.S. Army Corps of Engineers-New England District, Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

male twin-spotted spiketail dragonfly (Cordulegaster maculta): U.S. Army Corps of Engineers-New England District, Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cordulegaster_maculata.jpg

For further information:

Abbott, John C. Dragonflies and Damselflies of Texas and the South-Central United States: Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, Oklahoma and New Mexico. Princeton NJ; Oxford UK: Princeton University Press, 2005.

Beaton, Giff. Dragonflies & Damselflies of Georgia and the Southeast. Athens GA; London UK: University of Georgia Press, 2007.

Berger, Cynthia. Dragonflies. Mechanicsburg PA: Stackpole Books: Wild Guide, 2004.

Bright, Ethan. "Cordulegaster (Thecophora) maculata Selys, 1854: 105 -- Twin-spotted Spiketail." Aquatic Insects of Michigan > Odonata (Dragon- and Damselflies) of Michigan > Anisoptera Selys, 1854 -- Dragonflies > Cordulegastridae Newman, 1853 (Spiketails) > Cordulegaster Leach, 1838 (Spiketails).
Available @ http://www.aquaticinsects.org/sp/Odonata/sp_oom.html

"Cordulegaster maculata." James Cook University-Medusa: The Odonata - Dragonflies and Damselflies > Anisoptera > Cordulegastridae > Cordulegaster.
Available via James Cook University-Medusa @ https://medusa.jcu.edu.au/Dragonflies/openset/displaySpecies.php?spid=514

Paulson, Dennis. Dragonflies and Damselflies of the East. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press, Princeton Field Guides, 2011.

Sélys-Longchamps, M.Edm. (Michel Edmond) de. "Synopsis des Gomphines: 108. Cordulegaster maculatus, De Selys." Bulletins de l'Académie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique, tome XXI (Série 1), IIme partie, no. 7: 105. Bruxelles (Brussels), Belgium: M. Hayez, 1854
Available via Biodiversity Heritage Library @ https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39438457
Available via HathiTrust @ https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uiug.30112112254658?urlappend=%3Bseq=117

"The 2012 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map." The National Gardening Association > Gardening Tools > Learning Library USDA Hardiness Zone > USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map.
Available @ https://garden.org/nga/zipzone/2012/

Saturday, August 4, 2018

Northwest Italian Sweet White Wine Sciacchetrà on Elementary's Breathe

Summary: The coastal northwest Italian sweet white wine Sciacchetrà is lethal when atypical almond scents indicate cyanide in Elementary's Breathe July 30, 2018.

DOC (Denominazione di origine controllata) Cinque Terre wines, including Sciacchetrà; Thursday, Nov. 2, 2006, 15:50: Matt Feifarek, CC BY 2.0 Generic, via Wikimedia Commons

The coastal northwest Italian sweet white wine Sciacchetrà acts as an aggressive assassination aid by allowing almond-scented cyanide into every mouthful in the Elementary procedural drama series episode Breathe July 30, 2018.

Director Christine Moore and writers Robert Doherty, Bob Goodman and Kelly Wheeler broach one of Liguria's vertical vineyard wines in Season 6's 13th episode, 133rd overall. Sherlock Holmes (Jonny Lee Miller) concludes that the aroma at a homicide/suicide scene is that of Sciacchetrà, "a dessert wine, produced exclusively in Italy's Cinque Terre." He divulges, "It's not terribly common in the States, but it's not impossible to find [in wine stores]. Its aromatic notes should include honey, dried fruit."

Sherlock explains the incongruity that "What it should not smell like is almonds. Someone laced it with cyanide. Cyanide poisoning is a painful way to go."

Corniglia, Manarola, Monterosso al Mare, Riomaggiore and Vernazza, five villages in La Spezia province in Italy's Liguria region, fit under the designation Cinque Terre ("Five Lands").

Cinque Terre generates the same-named Italian government quality assurance label and Ligurian national park and United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Site. Riserva ("reserve") and vino passito ("wine [from] sun-dried [grapes]") have the quality assurance label Cinque Terre Sciacchetrà DOC (denominazione di origine controllata, "controlled designation of origin"). Sciacchetrà (from the local Ligurian Sciacca! Trà, "Crush [and] pull out!") harvests involve grapes whose proportion is 40 to 100 percent of the Bosco ("wood") variety.

Coastal northwest Italian sweet white wine Sciacchetrà vineyard cultivators sometimes jumble 40 percent Bosco, 40 percent Albarola and/or Vermentino and 20 percent other approved/recommended white-berried grapes.

Vintners (winemakers, from the Latin vīnētārius, "wine dealer") keep all-Bosco grape harvests or harvested Albarola, assorted Ligurian white, Bosco and Vermentino grape mixes on drying racks.

Sun-drying procedures lead to the monikers raisin wine from fermented dried, not fresh-harvested, fresh-crushed, grapes, and straw wine from post-harvest months on drying mats of straw. Cultivation in carbonate-rich, clayey, sandstone soils on dry-terraced, steep-sloped, stone-walled hillsides; desiccation until November 1st; and 12- to 36-month rests from November 2nd make Sciacchetrà sweet. Three-, four-, five-, six- and seven-carbon natural grape sugar concentrations need fully fermented potential and fully rested actual alcohol levels of 17 and 13.5 percent.

The coastal northwest Italian sweet white wine Sciacchetrà offers delicate aromas and flavors of apricots, citrus, figs, hazelnut and honey from high post-fermentation residual sugar levels.

Sunny cultivation and desiccation of grapes and sunless fermentation prevent yeast, at alcohol by volume levels above 16 percent, from processing away all natural grape sugars.

One liter (1.06 quarts) queues up 140 sugary grams (4.94 ounces) after resting in 50- to 100-liter (13.21- to 26.42-gallon) cherry, chestnut or oak caratelli ("casks"). One 350-milliliter (11.84-ounce) bottle results from 15 pounds (6.81 kilograms) of two-month-dried grapes that Sciacchetrà vintners retrieve from 45 pounds (20.41 kilograms) of fresh, September-harvested grapes. Sciacchetrà serves as vino da meditazione ("wine for meditation") for sipping and as wine for cheeses and for such desserts as almond pastries and fruit cakes.

Sherlock triumphs because he undoubtedly knows the difference between the coastal northwest Italian sweet wine Sciacchetrà almond-scented from cyanide and from dunks of Ligurian almond-filled pastries.

The dainty habits of oenophiles help (back left) Sherlock Holmes (Jonny Lee Miller), Joan Watson (Lucy Liu) and (back right) Detective Marcus Bell (Jon Michael Hill) solve a crime with a bottle of exclusive dessert wine, Sciacchetrà, as a clue in Elementary tv series' Breathe (season 6 episode 13): Elementary @ElementaryCBS, via Facebook July 31, 2018

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

DOC (Denominazione di origine controllata) Cinque Terre wines, including Sciacchetrà; Thursday, Nov. 2, 2006, 15:50: Matt Feifarek, CC BY 2.0 Generic, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:DOC_de_Cinque_Terre.jpg

The dainty habits of oenophiles help (back left) Sherlock Holmes (Jonny Lee Miller), Joan Watson (Lucy Liu) and (back right) Detective Marcus Bell (Jon Michael Hall) solve a crime with a bottle of exclusive dessert wine, Sciacchetrà, as a clue in Elementary tv series' Breathe (season 6 episode 13): Elementary @ElementaryCBS, via Facebook July 31, 2018, @ https://www.facebook.com/ElementaryCBS/photos/a.151627898295663.14686.151013691690417/1136956969762746/

For further information:

"Breathe." Elementary: The Sixth Season. Los Angeles CA: Paramount Pictures Corporation, July 30, 2018.

"Cinque Terre Sciacchetrà Wine Region." Wine-Searcher > Regions and Appellations > Italy > Liguria > Cinque Terre > 23 May 2018.
Available @ https://www.wine-searcher.com/regions-cinque+terre+sciacchetra

Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan. The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. London, England: George Newnes Ltd., 1892.

Elementary @ElementaryCBS. 31 July 2018. "Assassins become the targets, who become the assassins. Unravel the mystery on the latest episode of Elementary." Facebook.
Available @ https://www.facebook.com/ElementaryCBS/photos/a.151627898295663.14686.151013691690417/1136956969762746/

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 July 2018. “American Chestnut Trees for Elementary Season Six's Meet Your Maker.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/07/american-chestnut-trees-for-elementary.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 July 2018. “Bird's-Eye Pipe Tobacco and Trichinopoly Cigars: Elementary's Long Way.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/07/birds-eye-pipe-tobacco-and-trichinopoly.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 July 2018. “Elementary's Adventure of Ersatz Sobekneferu: West African Crocodiles.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/07/elementarys-adventure-of-ersatz.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 1 July 2018. “Blue Wildebeests and Tarragon Tea on Elementary's Nobody Lives Forever.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/07/blue-wildebeests-and-tarragon-tea-on.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 23 June 2018. “Vermont Black Bears and Elementary's Sand Trap Episode June 18, 2018.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/06/vermont-black-bears-and-elementarys.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 June 2018. “Elementary Sober Companions, Amethysts and Agiorgitiko Red Wine Grapes.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/06/elementary-sober-companions-amethysts.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 10 June 2018. “Elementary's Give Me the Finger: Not the Southeast Asian Fruit Durian.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/06/elementarys-give-me-finger-not.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 June 2018. “Elementary's Give Me the Finger: Floppy Disks Dinosaurs Like Grallator.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/06/elementarys-give-me-finger-floppy-disks.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 2 June 2018. “Bird Flu on Elementary's Bits and Pieces and Wild Red Junglefowl.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/06/bird-flu-on-elementarys-bits-and-pieces.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 May 2018. “Boxing Kangaroos and Elementary Season 6 Episode 4 Our Time Is Up.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/05/boxing-kangaroos-and-elementary-season.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 20 May 2018. “American Staffordshire Terrier and Elementary's Pushing Buttons.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/05/american-staffordshire-terrier-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 May 2018. “Cassowaries and Elementary's Pushing Buttons Episode May 14, 2018.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/05/cassowaries-and-elementarys-pushing.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 May 2018. “Monoceros Unicorns: Puzzles Once You've Ruled Out God on Elementary.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/05/monoceros-unicorns-puzzles-once-youve.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 5 May 2018. “Sumatran Tigers and Elementary's An Infinite Capacity for Taking Pains.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/05/sumatran-tigers-and-elementarys.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 November 2016. “Green Tree Python Natural History Illustrations and Elementary.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/11/green-tree-python-natural-history.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 11 November 2016. “Eastern Poison Ivy Botanical Illustrations and Elementary's Henny Penny.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/11/eastern-poison-ivy-botanical.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 4 November 2016. “Galápagos Marine Iguana Natural History Illustrations and Elementary.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/11/galapagos-marine-iguana-natural-history.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 21 October 2016. "China's Imperial Jade Heirloom Seal Worth Several Cities on Elementary." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/10/chinas-imperial-jade-heirloom-seal.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 May 2016. “Mopane Worm Natural History Illustrations and Elementary's Invisible Hand.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/05/mopane-worm-natural-history.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 6 May 2016. “Johannes Vermeer Painting The Astronomer: Elementary's Invisible Hand.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/05/johannes-vermeer-painting-astronomer.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 4 March 2016. “Shih Tzu Dog Breed and Elementary's Up to Heaven and Down to Hell.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/03/shih-tzu-dog-breed-and-elementarys-up.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 February 2016. “Mushroom Botanical Illustrations and Elementary's A Study in Charlotte.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/02/mushroom-botanical-illustrations-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 November 2015. "Black-Capped Central American Squirrel Monkeys and Elementary Series." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/11/black-capped-central-american-squirrel.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 November 2015. “Tienchi-Flower Tea and Elementary's Evidence of Things Not Seen.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/11/tienchi-flower-tea-and-elementarys.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 April 2015. “Pablo Picasso Painting Woman Reading on Elementary's A Stitch in Time.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/03/pablo-picasso-painting-woman-reading-on.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 February 2015. “Extinct Quagga Plains Zebra on Elementary's The Female of the Species.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/02/extinct-quagga-plains-zebra-on.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 23 January 2015. “Elementary's Yellow Clivia and Yellow Clivia Botanical Illustrations.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2015/01/elementarys-yellow-clivia-and-yellow.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 December 2014. “Elementary's Nutmeg Concoction and Nutmeg Botanical Illustrations.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/12/elementarys-nutmeg-concoction-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 November 2014. “Elementary's Bird in Blue-Throated Macaw Natural History Illustrations.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/11/elementarys-bird-in-blue-throated-macaw.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 31 October 2014. “Bearded Dragon Natural History Illustrations: Not Elementary's Nemesis.” Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/10/bearded-dragon-natural-history.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 2 May 2014. “Ficus Benjamina Botanical Illustrations and Elementary's Stunted Tree.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/05/ficus-benjamina-botanical-illustrations.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 February 2014. “Dimetrodon Natural History Illustrations and Elementary's Dimetrodon.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/02/dimetrodon-natural-history.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 31 January 2014. “Nanotyrannus Natural History Illustrations and Elementary's Dead Clade Walking.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/01/nanotyrannus-natural-history.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 December 2013. “Fruit in Osage Orange Botanical Illustrations and Elementary Series.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/12/fruit-in-osage-orange-botanical.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 November 2013. “George Stubbs Painting The Godolphin Arabian and Elementary's Nutmeg.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/11/george-stubbs-painting-godolphin.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 November 2013. “John Wootton Painting The Darley Arabian and Elementary's Studhorse.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/11/john-wootton-painting-darley-arabian.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 8 November 2013. “John Wootton Painting The Byerley Turk and Elementary's Thoroughbreds.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/11/john-wootton-painting-byerley-turk-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 August 2013. “Turner Fighting Temeraire Painting in Elementary Series Episode The Woman.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/08/turner-fighting-temeraire-painting-in.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 June 2013. “Paul Gauguin Painting Tahitian Women on the Beach in Elementary's The Woman.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/06/paul-gauguin-painting-tahitian-women-on.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 31 May 2013. “Rubens Painting The Incredulity of St Thomas in Elementary's The Woman.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/05/rubens-painting-incredulity-of-st.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 24 May 2013. “Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec Painting Rousse in Elementary Episode The Woman.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/05/henri-de-toulouse-lautrec-painting.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 May 2013. “The Bruegel Painted Parable in the Elementary Series Episode The Woman.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/05/the-bruegel-painted-parable-in.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 February 2013. “Osmia Avosetta Natural History Illustrations for Elementary's Bee.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/02/osmia-avosetta-natural-history.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 1 February 2013. “Russian Tortoise Natural History Illustrations and Elementary's Clyde Jan. 31, 2013.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/02/russian-tortoise-natural-history.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 25 January 2013. “Costliest, World-Most Expensive Chopard Watch: 201 Carats at $25 Million.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/01/costliest-world-most-expensive-chopard.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 January 2013. “Chopard Watch Worth $25 Million on Elementary Episode The Leviathan.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/01/chopard-watch-worth-25-million-on.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 11 January 2013. “Claude Monet Painting Nympheas 1918 in Elementary Series' Leviathan.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/01/claude-monet-painting-nympheas-1918-in.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 4 January 2013. “Paul Cézanne Still Life Painting Fruit in Elementary Series' Leviathan.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/01/paul-cezanne-still-life-painting-fruit.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 December 2012. “Paul Signac Painting Women at the Well in Elementary Series' Leviathan.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/12/paul-signac-painting-women-at-well-in.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 21 December 2012. “The Van Gogh Pietà Painting in Elementary Series Episode The Leviathan.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/12/the-van-gogh-pieta-painting-in.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 December 2012. “Edward Hopper Painting Western Motel in Elementary Series' Leviathan.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/12/edward-hopper-painting-western-motel-in.html

Friday, August 3, 2018

Westminster Abbey Royal Treasury Raid: Westminster Jurors Aug. 6, 1303

Summary: Westminster jurors had nine non-guilty names for royal justices holding court Aug. 6, 1303, on the Westminster Abbey Royal Treasury raid in their town.

The Royal Justices sat Aug. 6, 1303, at New Temple Church, consecrated for the Knights Templar Feb. 10, 1885, for a disappointing meet with Fleet and Westminster juries; view of New Temple Church from southeast, Wednesday, March 14, 2007: Michael Coppins, CC BY SA 4.0 International, via Wikimedia Commons

The king's appointed investigator and four appointed justices assembled Aug. 6, 1303, at New Temple to access Fleet and Westminster jurors about the Westminster Abbey Royal Treasury raid April 30-May 3, 1303.

New Temple belonged to the Templar Order that brought brave soldiers to the Crown in England and Holy Places in Palestine and international bankers throughout Europe. The court at the fortified barracks, church hall, curtain wall and guarded gates on consecrated, neutral ground constituted the last convened by the five royal commissioners. The Fleet Street and Westminster juries differed from London, Middlesex, Suffolk and Surrey jury members by dodging designating burglars and dwelling upon discoverers of dispersed treasures.

The royal writ June 6, 1303, emphasized "all who are guilty of this deed, or have helped and advised in it, or received the said treasure."

Apprenticeship to tradesmen seven years in their trades, inheritance of trades and purchase of citizenship from aldermen, the chamberlain and the mayor furnished firefighting, law-enforcing citizens.

Citizens gathered into 12- to 24-member ward juries to give evidence in London July 3-4, 1303, Westminster July 5, 1303, and London again Aug. 6, 1303. Fleet Street and Westminster jurors held that sacristan Adam de Warfield happened upon, and had in his care, one each of the royal bowls and cups. They indicated that monks William de Chalk, Alexander de Newport, Raymond de Wenlok and John Wenlok impressed upon Warfield the importance of informing John de Foxley.

Richard de Burgh, Abbey bailiff and William de Chalk's brother-in-law, and Warfield joined John de Foxley, Steward of Abbey lands, at Foxley manor in Bray, Berkshire.

Foxley keynoted Walter de Wenlok's (died Dec. 25, 1307) knowledge as Abbot since Dec. 31, 1283, and Customary and diktat promulgator for his community and household. Wenlok looked at anything lying in Abbey buildings and on Abbey lands as Abbey property and so Westminster jurors looked at New Temple Aug. 6, 1303.

Westminster jurors mentioned nothing about armed guards and overgrown hemp in the Abbey cemetery and locked gates to Abbey and Palace walls April 30-May 3, 1303. They noted nothing about nightly noises around the Abbey Chapter House Crypt, over Abbey grounds and through Westminster gates to Kings Bridge and the River Thames.

Fleet and Westminster jurors offered Westminster Abbey Royal Treasury raid inquirers and investigators observations on the order of London goldsmiths at the Guildhall July 4, 1303.

John Bakewell, Ralph de Sandwich, Roger de Southcote and Walter of Gloucester pondered "Why had the linen draper [and monks' messenger and receiver] moved the treasure?"

The quartet queried "Were the jewels moved by day or night?" and "If the jewels were removed in a basket, where did the basket come from?" Gerin of St. Giles relocated the Westminster Abbey Royal Treasury raid treasures "because he was frightened of his house being searched by ministers of the Crown." Westminster jurors said that "they did not know" shifts when "they know people [from the Abbey] were involved [in supplying baskets] but can't recall any names."

The justices turned the testimonies June 17, July 4-6 and Aug. 6, 1303, over to King Edward I (June 17, 1239-July 7, 1307) Aug. 7, 1303.

The four justices appointed by Edward I for the 1303 royal treasury raid investigation learned that Westminster Abbey monks relied on linen draper Gerin of St. Giles as a messenger and recruited him to move treasury items to the fields of London's St. Pancras parish; the parish centered on St. Pancras Old Church; illustration of St. Pancras Old Church (upper left), Edward Walford's Old and New London (1873), vol. V, page 336: Public Domain, via Internet Archive

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

Doherty, Paul. 2005. The Great Crown Jewels Robbery of 1303. New York NY: Carroll & Graf Publisher.

Harvey, Barbara F., ed. 1965. Documents Illustrating the Rule of Walter de Wenlok, Abbot of Westminster 1283-1307. Vol. II. Camden Fourth Series. London, England: Offices of the Royal Historical Society.

Keay, Anna. 2011. The Crown Jewels. London UK: Thames & Hudson Ltd.

Marriner, Derdriu. 20 April 2018. "Richard Puddlicott and the Westminster Abbey Royal Treasury Raid, 1303." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/04/richard-puddlicott-and-westminster.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 4 May 2018. "Westminster Abbey Royal Treasury Raid in April and May 1303 in England." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/05/westminster-abbey-royal-treasury-raid.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 11 May 2018. "Mysteries of the April-May 1303 Westminster Abbey Royal Treasury Raid." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/05/mysteries-of-april-may-1303-westminster.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 1 June 2018. "King Edward I's Letter on the Westminster Abbey Royal Treasury Raid." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/06/king-edward-is-letter-on-westminster.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 8 June 2018. "Westminster Abbey Royal Treasury Raid: Royal Proclamation June 16, 1303." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/06/westminster-abbey-royal-treasury-raid_8.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 June 2018. "Westminster Abbey Royal Treasury Raid: Palmer Confession June 17, 1303." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/06/westminster-abbey-royal-treasury-raid.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 June 2018. "Westminster Abbey Royal Treasury Raid: Arrests June 18-19, 1303." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/06/westminster-abbey-royal-treasury-raid_22.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 June 2018. "Westminster Abbey Royal Treasury Raid: Indenture June 22, 1303." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/06/westminster-abbey-royal-treasury-raid_29.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 6 July 2018. "Westminster Abbey Royal Treasury Raid: Palmer Confession July 6, 2013." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/07/westminster-abbey-royal-treasury-raid.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 July 2018. "Westminster Abbey Royal Treasury Raid: Goldsmiths Talk July 4, 1303." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/07/westminster-abbey-royal-treasury-raid_13.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 July 2018. "Westminster Abbey Royal Treasury Raid: Aldermen Interviews July 29, 1303." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/07/westminster-abbey-royal-treasury-raid_27.html

Thompson, Sir Edward Maunde, ed. 1902. Customary of the Benedictine Monasteries of St. Augustine Canterbury and St. Peter Westminster. Vol. I: Text of Cottonian MS. Faustina, C. XII. Henry Bradshaw Society volume XXIII. London, England: Harrison and Sons.
Available via Internet Archive @ https://archive.org/details/customaryofbened01stau

Thompson, Sir Edward Maunde, ed. 1904. Customary of the Benedictine Monasteries of St. Augustine Canterbury and St. Peter Westminster. Vol. II: Texts of Cottonian MS., No. 211. Otho C. XL; and Gonville and Caius. Henry Bradshaw Society volume XXVIII. London, England: Harrison and Sons.
Available via Internet Archive @ https://archive.org/details/customaryofbened28thomuoft

Walford, Edward. 1873. Old and New London. Vol. V: The Western and Northern Suburbs. London, England; Paris, France; New York, NY: Cassell, Petter & Galpin.
Available via Internet Archive @ https://archive.org/stream/oldnewlondonnarr05thor

Wednesday, August 1, 2018

Globe at Night 2018 Cygnus and Second Scorpius Campaigns Begin Aug. 2

Summary: The Globe at Night 2018 Cygnus and second Scorpius campaigns begin Thursday, Aug. 2, in the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere, respectively.

Cygnus constellation’s brightest star, Deneb, eases finding the swanlike constellation by topping the prominent Summer Triangle asterism: Learn to Skywatch @Learntoskywatch, via Twitter Sep. 13, 2016

The Globe at Night 2018 Cygnus and second Scorpius campaigns begin Thursday, Aug. 2, and close Saturday, Aug. 11, as checks on light pollution effects on visibility of Cygnus the Swan constellation in the Northern Hemisphere and on Scorpius the Scorpion in the Southern Hemisphere.

The August campaign is the first of Globe at Night’s two 2018 campaigns for observing Cygnus the Swan constellation. The second 2018 Cygnus campaign begins in September.

Cygnus the Swan is a constellation in the Northern Celestial Hemisphere, the northern half of the abstract sphere projected outward from Earth’s surface. Cygnus lies north of the celestial equator, a projection of Earth’s equator outward to the celestial sphere. Spherical, or positional, astronomy uses the concept of an imaginary celestial sphere to determine apparent positions of celestial objects by way of specific date, time and location of Earth-based observations.

Cygnus holds 16th place in size ranking of the 88 modern constellations. The Swan’s large size accounts for borders with six constellations. Cepheus the King defines the Swan’s northeastern limits while Draco the Dragon touches the northwestern border. Lyra the Lyre lies to the west. Vulpecula the Fox brushes against the Swan’s southern boundary. Pegasus the Winged Horse appears in the southeast. Lacerta the Lizard is the Swan’s eastern neighbor.

Globe at Night suggests locating Cygnus the Swan constellation by way of the Summer Triangle asterism, or pattern of stars. The Summer Triangle emerges from the coordinate geometry of Altair (Alpha Aquilae, α Aquilae; α Aql, Alpha Aql), Deneb (Alpha Cygni, α Cygni; α Cyg, Alpha Cyg) and Vega (Alpha Lyrae, α Lyrae; α Lyr, Alpha Lyr), the three brightest stars in Aquila the Eagle, Cygnus and Lyra, respectively.

Globe at Night notes that Deneb anchors the Summer Triangle’s lower left vertex (angle-forming point of two converging sides). Deneb represents the Swan’s tail. Looking inward from Deneb toward the Summer Triangle’s center reveals Cygnus the Swan constellation.

Globe at Night includes a sky map as a finding aid. The campaign’s map places the swanlike constellation in the sky for four north latitudes (10, 20, 30, 40 degrees).

Seven magnitude charts are available for each Globe at Night campaign. Magnitudes range from zero for cloudy skies to seven for starry skies.

Magnitude charts identify the dimmest visible stars for participants’ latitudes. Light pollution interferes with visibility of dimmer, or fainter, stars.

The cloudy skies of the magnitude zero chart cloak Deneb at latitudes 10 to 50 degrees north. Magnitude one skies hide Deneb from participants at 10 degrees north latitude but allow visibility for the bright star at latitudes 20 to 50 degrees north. Magnitudes two through seven charts find Deneb at all five targeted latitudes.

Globe at Night’s first 2018 Cygnus campaign for Northern Hemisphere participants takes place simultaneously with the Southern Hemisphere’s second 2018 Scorpius campaign. The year’s first Scorpius campaign was conducted from Wednesday, July 4, through Friday, July 13.

Scorpius constellation primarily occupies the Southern Celestial Hemisphere. Classification as an equatorial constellation ensues from the Scorpion’s northernmost reach close to the celestial equator.

Globe at Night present the Milky Way as a finding aid for Scorpius. A southward view locates the Scorpion high in the sky, near the Milky Way’s center.

The Scorpion’s brightest star, Antares (Alpha Scorpii, α Scorpii, Alpha Scorpii; α Sco, Alpha Sco), eludes visibility on Globe at Night’s magnitude zero/cloudy sky chart for latitudes 10 to 40 degrees south. Centaurus the Centaur’s brightest star, Toliman (Alpha Centauri, α Centauri; α Cen, Alf Cen), forms a solitary trio of visibility with planets Jupiter and Mars on the zero magnitude chart for latitudes 10, 20 and 40 degrees south. Arcturus (Alpha Boötis, α Boötis; α Boo, Alpha Boo), Boötes the Herdsman (or Plowman) constellation’s brightest star, expands visibility to a quartet at 30 degrees south latitude.

Antares shines on magnitude one to seven charts at all four targeted south latitudes (10, 20, 30, 40 degrees). The Scorpion’s reddish variable star perches near Jupiter, at about one-third of the distance between the solar system’s largest planet and Mars.

The takeaway for the Globe at Night 2018 Cygnus and second Scorpius campaigns, which begin Thursday, Aug. 2, and close Saturday, Aug. 11, is that the Northern Hemisphere’s Cygnus campaign is the first of two 2018 Swan campaigns, while the Southern Hemisphere’s Scorpius campaign is the last of two 2018 Scorpion campaigns.

Contact details for Globe at Night:

email: globeatnight@noao.edu
website: https://www.darksky.org

Scorpius constellation’s brightest star, reddish Antares, easily aids in pinpointing the arachnid constellation: Learn to Skywatch @Learntoskywatch, via Twitter July 25, 2017

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

Scorpius constellation’s brightest star, reddish Antares, easily aids in pinpointing the arachnid constellation: Learn to Skywatch @Learntoskywatch, via Twitter July 25, 2017, @ https://twitter.com/Learntoskywatch/status/889908184961437697

For further information:

“Can You Find Cygnus?” Globe at Night > Finding Constellations.
Available @ https://www.globeatnight.org/finding/cygnus

“Can You Find Scorpius?” Globe at Night > Finding Constellations.
Available @ https://www.globeatnight.org/finding/scorpius

Learn to Skywatch ‏@Learntoskywatch. “Tonight's Target: Antares Supergiant red star in Scorpius Hint: Look due South around 9pm.” Twitter. July 25, 2017.
Available @ https://twitter.com/Learntoskywatch/status/889908184961437697

Learn to Skywatch ‏@Learntoskywatch. “Tonight's Target: Cygnus the Swan First find the Summer Triangle Then locate the star Deneb Find Deneb, Find Cygnus.” Twitter. Sept. 13, 2016.
Available @ https://twitter.com/Learntoskywatch/status/775756264802508801

Marriner, Derdriu. “Globe at Night 2018 Bootes and Crux Campaigns Happen in May.” Earth and Space News. Wednesday, May 9, 2018.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/05/globe-at-night-2018-bootes-and-crux.html

Marriner, Derdriu. “Globe at Night 2018 Hercules and Third Crux Campaigns Begin June 4.” Earth and Space News. Wednesday, May 30, 2018.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/05/globe-at-night-2018-hercules-and-third.html

Marriner, Derdriu. “Globe at Night 2018 Leo Campaign Begins April 6 for Northern Latitudes.” Earth and Space News. Wednesday, April 4, 2018.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/04/globe-at-night-2018-leo-campaign-begins.html

Marriner, Derdriu. “Globe at Night 2018 Scorpius and Second Hercules Campaigns Begin July 4.” Earth and Space News. Wednesday, June 27, 2018.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/06/globe-at-night-2018-scorpius-and-second.html

Marriner, Derdriu. “Northern Cross Marks Autumn Nights From Nightfall to Midnight.” Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Oct. 5, 2016.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/10/northern-cross-marks-autumn-nights-from.html

Marriner, Derdriu. “Summer Triangle of Altair With Deneb and Vega Dramatizes Summer Nights.” Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Aug. 10, 2016.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2016/08/summer-triangle-of-altair-with-deneb.html