Ajanta Cave 15: 200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings

Summary: Lions associated with Buddhist reincarnations and Hindu mythology appear in Ajanta cave 15 in the 200th anniversary year of Ajanta cave wall paintings.

Major Robert Gill (Sept. 26, 1804-April 10, 1879), who made extensive copies of Ajanta Caves' artistry, sits at the Ajanta Cave 15 doorway, which he described as ". . . executed with considerable care, and in a good style of art."; J. Fergusson and R. Gill, The Rock-Cut Temples of India (1864), page 16: Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Ajanta cave 15 acknowledges, in the 200th anniversary year of European-accessed Ajanta cave wall paintings and sculptures in north-central India, animal appreciation that acclaims lions associated with Buddhist reincarnations and Hindu mythology.

Ajanta cave 15 bears emblematic, iconic, symbolic lions that bind the Hindu mythological beginnings of yoga postures to 10 bodhisattva (from Sanskrit बोधिसत्त्व, "enlightened existence") reincarnations. The yoga (from Sanskrit योग, "union") posture called simhasana (fom Sanskrit सिंह, "lion" and आसन, "seat") convokes those reincarnations for Buddhists. Ten of 549 reincarnations before his 550th as Siddhartha Gautama (from Sanskrit सिद्धार्थ, "successful" and गोतम, "light [dispels] darkness"), 624?-544 B.C.E.?, describe enlightened lions (Panthera leo).

The 200th anniversary year of Ajanta cave wall paintings and sculptures, European-accessed since April 28, 1819, encounters emblematic, symbolic lions in the Ajanta cave 15 shrine.

A famous function that lions fulfill in Hindu mythology flows from Shiva (from Sanskrit शिव, "auspicious"), ascetic and nataraja (from Sanskrit नर्त, "dancing" and राजन्, "king").

Hindu mythology gives Shiva the ascetic's ash-grayed body, matted hair and skull necklace and the drum-beating, flame-holding, ignorance-obliterating, four-armed dancer's cyclical dance of destruction and recreation. Shiva cyclically holds cosmic dances because he honed mindful breath and muscles as matted-haired yogi (from Sanskrit योगिन्, "ascetic") in tiger skin and with snow-white face. The first four of his 84 invented yoga postures include the seated lion pose with eyes intent upon the nose, mouth open and palms on thighs.

The 200th anniversary year juggles Hindu mythology in Ajanta cave 15 sculptures and in European-accessed Ajanta cave wall paintings and sculptures in central-west Maharashtra state, India.

The Buddhist Sangha (from Sanskrit संघ, "multitude") knew Ajanta (from Sanskrit अजित, "invincible") between the third and first centuries B.C.E. and between the fourth and eighth centuries C.E.

The name Ajanta links to Maitreya Buddha (from Sanskrit मैत्रेय, "benevolent" and बुद्ध, "awakened"), successor, after 500 reincarnations, in the 25th century C.E. to Gautama Buddha. The Hindu religion of the Satavahana and Vakataka dynasties manifests itself in the Hindu mythology that marks Ajanta cave 15 and Ajanta monasteries and prayer halls. Ajanta cave 15, as 64.37- by 52.43-foot (19.62- by 15.98-meter) vihara (from Sanskrit विहार, "walking [hall]") monastery cave, nets eight dormitory cells for stone-carved, stone-pillowed beds.

Later monastery caves, such as Ajanta cave 15, offer the 200th anniversary year of European-accessed Ajanta cave wall paintings and sculptures pillared verandas and pillarless halls.

Ajanta cave 15 possesses one sanctum sanctōrum (Latin, from Hebrew קֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים, "holy of holies"), put previously in chaitya (from Sanskrit चैत्य, "memorial monument") prayer halls.

Second-phase itinerant artisans and monks quit sculpting shrines only in prayer halls once monastery caves queued up as dormitory cells with devotion-, instruction-, meditation-questing assembly halls. Ajanta cave 15 reveals carved corn-eating pigeons; face-relaxing, stress-reducing, vishuddha chakra-radiated (from Sanskrit विशुद्ध, "especially pure [throat]" and चक्र, "point") lion poses; and residual wall paintings. Jataka (from Sanskrit जातक, "born under") tales show Gautama Buddha's reincarnation as a pigeon surviving on pigeon food, unlike a crow slaughtered for stealing people food.

Ajanta cave 15 treats the 200th anniversary year of European-accessed Ajanta cave wall paintings and sculptures to lion-like and pigeon-transformed Gautama Buddha seated and surviving mindfully.

ground plan for Ajanta Cave 15; ca. 1850 pen-and-ink and wash drawing by Major Robert Gill (Sept. 26, 1804-April 10, 1879), from album of 26 ground plans and 16 folios of drawings of sculpture and architectural details in the Ajanta Caves, held at The British Library, St. Pancras, Central and North West London; Wikimedia Commons page created Sunday, Oct. 29, 2017, by Ms Sarah Welch via UploadWizard: Ms Sarah Welch, Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

Major Robert Gill (Sept. 26, 1804-April 10, 1879), who made extensive copies of Ajanta Caves' artistry, sits at the Ajanta Cave 15 doorway, which he described as ". . . executed with considerable care, and in a good style of art."; J. Fergusson and R. Gill, The Rock-Cut Temples of India (1864), page 16: Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vihara_No._15%E2%80%94Ajunta.jpg;
Not in copyright, via Internet Archive @ https://archive.org/details/rockcuttemplesof00ferg/page/n90/mode/1up;
via Wikisource @ https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Rock-cut_Temples_of_India/The_Caves_of_Ajunta/Vihara_No._15—Ajunta;

ground plan for Ajanta Cave 15; ca. 1850 pen-and-ink and wash drawing by Major Robert Gill (Sept. 26, 1804-April 10, 1879), from album of 26 ground plans and 16 folios of drawings of sculpture and architectural details in the Ajanta Caves, held at The British Library, St. Pancras, Central and North West London; Wikimedia Commons page created Sunday, Oct. 29, 2017, by Ms Sarah Welch via UploadWizard: Ms Sarah Welch, Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ground_Plan_of_Cave_15_and_Cave_20,_Ajanta,_1850_sketch.jpg

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