Galápagos Marine Iguana Natural History Illustrations and Elementary

Summary: Galápagos marine iguana natural history illustrations and photographs, unlike Elementary's poached protagonists Oct. 30, 2016, leave no scars.

Galápagos marine iguana (Amblyrhynchus cristatus), one-third natural length; (a) trilobate, or three-lobed, teeth; illustrated in English zoologist Thomas Bell's description; The Zoological Journal, vol. II, no. VI (July 1825), Plate XII Supplement: Public Domain, via Biodiversity Heritage Library

Bodies behind claw, spine and tooth marks on Henny Penny the Sky Is Falling, Elementary procedural drama series episode Oct. 30, 2016, appear in Galápagos marine iguana natural history illustrations and photographs.

Director John Polson and writers Robert Doherty, Bob Goodman and Kelly Wheeler begin Season 5's fourth episode, the series' 100th episode overall, with Galápagos marine iguanas. Marcus Bell (Jon Michael Hall) and Sherlock Holmes (Jonny Lee Miller) consider a "wildlife trafficker. Wanted, most notably, for smuggling rare Galápagos iguanas out of Ecuador." Sherlock displays for Marcus a photograph of the scarred arms of the wildlife trafficker Enríquez who dared to disrupt delicate ecosystem balances in the Galápagos Islands.

The subjects of Thomas Bell's (Oct. 11, 1792-March 13, 1883) examinations in 1825, Galápagos marine iguana natural history illustrations and photographs and Sherlock's investigations expose near-extinctions.

December through March, January through April and April through August respectively fill 5- to 60-year Galápagos marine iguana life cycles with breeding, nesting and hatching months.

Physically and sexually mature three- to five-plus-year-old female Galápagos marine iguanas go up to 1.24 miles (2 kilometers) inland within one month of courtship and mating. They give one to six leathery, white eggs 11.81- to 31.49-inch- (30- to 80-centimeter-) deep burrows of sand or volcanic ash for 89 to 120 days. The hatched members of the Iguanidae (from the Taíno term iwana for "lizard") family have average weights of 1.76 to 2.12 ounces (50 to 60 grams). Newborns immediately investigate on two, not all four, feet adult surface-strewn waste products that include endosymbiotic bacteria; immediate grassy, herbaceous and woody vegetation; and rocky outcrops.

El Niño-Southern Oscillation events, globally warmed climate change, pollution and predatory collectors, crabs, hawks, owls, rats and snakes jeopardize black to black-gray juvenile Galápagos marine iguanas.

Independent, newborn Galápagos marine iguanas know no parental care since breeding and feeding keep adults away from nesting burrows after the first few days of egg-laying.

Galápagos marine iguana feces let in endosymbiont (from the Greek ἔνδον [endon, "within"], σύν [syn, "together"] and βίωσις [biosis, "living"]) bacteria that juvenile digestive tracts lack. Juveniles and mature females manage with intertidal-foraged, low-tide algae after sun-basking at 6.56- to 16.40-, or 262.47-foot (2- to 5- or 80-meter) altitudes above sea level. Physically and sexually mature six- to eight-plus-year-olds navigate 6.56- to 16.40- or 82.02-foot (2- to 5- or 25-meter) depths for high-tide, numerous, nutritious algae and seaweed.

Galápagos marine iguana natural history illustrations and photographs offer female- to male-ranged, 1.97- to 3.28-foot (0.6- to 1-meter) long, 1.1- to 3.31-pound (0.5- to 1.5-kilogram) adults.

Lighter to darker black- to gray-bodied hatchlings, juveniles and adults, scientifically named Amblyrhynchus cristatus ("blunt-nosed, [spine] crested [back]"), possess backward-curved claws; flattened tails; and pyramidal scales.

Baltra, Daphne, Darwin, Española, Fernandina, Gardener, Genovesa, Isabela, Marchena, Pinta, Pinzón, Rabida, San Cristóbal, Santa Cruz, Santa Fe, Santiago, Seymour and Wolf Islands qualify as homelands. Galápagos marine iguanas require intertidal flats, rocky cliffs and shallow reefs for realizing body temperatures at 96.8 degrees Fahrenheit (36 degrees Celsius), regular meals and resting-places. Their coppery green-red blotches, nasal glands and spine-studded backs respectively show up from swallowing summer's special-colored algae, sneeze out toxic concentrated salt crystals and scare predators.

The International Union for Conservation of Nature tags Galápagos marine iguanas as vulnerable, 21st-century trend that troubles Sherlock with near-Earth asteroids, poison ivy and solar flares.

Sherlock Holmes (Jonny Lee Miller) identifies smuggling of rare Galápagos marine iguanas from Ecuador and helps solve an asteroid-mining-influenced murder in CBS Elementary tv series' Henny Penny the Sky Is Falling (season 5 episode 4): SpoilerTV @SpoilerTV, via Twitter Oct. 26, 2016

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

Galápagos marine iguana (Amblyrhynchus cristatus), one-third natural length; (a) trilobate, or three-lobed, teeth; illustrated in English zoologist Thomas Bell's description; The Zoological Journal, vol. II, no. VI (July 1825), Plate XII Supplement: Public Domain, via Biodiversity Heritage Library @ https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27490973;
Biodiversity Heritage Library (BioDivLibrary), Public Domain, via Flickr @ https://www.flickr.com/photos/biodivlibrary/50588394722/

Sherlock Holmes (Jonny Lee Miller) identifies smuggling of rare Galápagos marine iguanas from Ecuador and helps solve an asteroid-mining influenced murder in CBS Elementary tv series' Henny Penny the Sky Is Falling (season 5 episode 4): SpoilerTV @SpoilerTV, via Twitter Oct. 26, 2016, @ https://twitter.com/SpoilerTV/status/791422911177297920

For further information:

Bell, Thomas. 1825. "On a New Genus of Iguanidae." The Zoological Journal, vol. II, no. VI (July 1825): 204-207. London, England: W. Phillips.
Available via Biodiversity Heritage Library @ https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27490548

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