Earth and Space News: November 2013

Friday, November 29, 2013

Saluki Sighthound Painting Icons: Savvy, Sensitive, Slim, Swift

Summary: The Saluki sighthound painting within the John Wootton painting The Byerley Turk iconizes an ancient, graceful, intelligent, lovable, swift Asian breed.

The Byerley Turk by John Wootton (ca. 1682-Nov. 13, 1764), English painter of sporting subjects: Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons

The John Wootton painting The Byerley Turk also acts as a Saluki sighthound painting since one of the world's most ancient dog breeds appears alongside one of the world's most famous thoroughbreds.

The 18th-century animalscape broadcasts the back and right side of a beautiful Saluki gazehound whose head brushes in height the knee levels of the Arabian thoroughbred. It communicates alertness, bravery, dependability, gentleness, loyalty, respect and sociability in the deep-chested body toward the tethered thoroughbred and the narrow head toward the turbaned trainer. Nobody perhaps deduces the exact derivations of the orphaned dog, horse and man from the detailed depictions even though their complicity designates a Semitic language-speaking country.

Wootton's (1682?-Nov. 13, 1764) Saluki sighthound painting within his Arabian thoroughbred painting emphasizes the long narrow body, head and legs of descendants of 6000-year-old Iranian ancestors.

Thomas T. Allsen of the University of New Jersey in Trenton finds broad-skulled, deep-chested, leashed, long-eared Saluki gazehounds in Egyptian Middle Kingdom (2134 B.C.-1785 B.C.) art.

Ancient Egyptian artists gave Saluki sighthound paintings leashed gazehounds going, by sight and speed, with charioted or foot archers after desert foxes, gazelles, hyenas and onagers. The Royal Hunt in Eurasian History, University of Pennsylvania Press publication May 1, 2006, harvests the name from pre-Islamic Arabic poetry, Salūqiyyah ("Seleucia") and Salūq, Yemen. Salūqiyyah is the first capital (305 B.C.-240 B.C.), in modern-day Iraq's Babil Governorate, of Macedon-born Seleucus I Nicator's (358 B.C.?-281 B.C.) Seleucid Empire (312 B.C.-63 B.C.).

Salūq joined Saluki timelines as rearing village for exported sighthounds to the Abbasid caliphate (750-125), 1261-117) from modern-day Libya through the Arabian Peninsula, Armenia and Iran.

Afghanistan, China and Italy kept Saluki sighthound paintings by Kamal al-Din Bihzad (1460-1535), Zhu Zhanji (March 16, 1399-Jan. 31, 1435) and Paolo Veronese (128-April 19, 1588).

Each African, Asian and European Saluki sighthound painting lauds the feather- or smooth-coated Saluki, nicknamed Arabian greyhound, gazelle hound, Persian greyhound, Persian sighthound, Tanji or Tazi. Old World Saluki sighthound paintings made way for New World Saluki sighthound photographs after Horace Newton Fisher's (Oct. 19, 1836-Oct. 23, 1916) Saluki import in 1861. The VetSTREET website notes Colonel Fisher netting the first Saluki in the United States with a shipment by clipper ship from Thebes, Egypt, to Boston, Massachusetts.

The Saluki sighthound painting icon officially obtained the American Kennel Club classification as hound in 1927 and the United Kennel Club classification as sighthound in 1956.

Saluki sighthound painting icons present 23- to 28-inch- (58.42- to 71.12-centimeter) heights and 45- to 65-pound (20.41- to 29.48-kilogram) weights, with females more petite than males.

Saluki physical and sexual maturity queues up daily jogs, four- to eight-puppy litters and 40-mile (64.37-kilometer) hourly top speeds during 10- to 17-year odor-free life expectancies. They reveal long, mobile ears; curvable, long, low-hanging tails; dark to hazel, large, oval eyes; hair-sided toes; long, narrow heads; long necks; narrow chests; straight forelimbs. They show black- or liver-colored noses and black, black-tan-white, cream, fawn, golden, grizzle, red, tan, white coarsely smooth or feather-eared, feather-tailed, short, silky, soft odor-free coats.

Daily family-bonding and tooth-brushing, monthly nail-trimming and weekly coat-brushing and year-round clean, soft, warm bedding thank Saluki sighthound painting icons for friendly, gentle, quiet, sensitive intelligence.

American artist, illustrator and ornithologist Louis Agassiz Fuertes (Feb. 7, 1874-Aug. 22, 1927) described the saluki as "long and rangy of leg," with a stance forming "an almost perfect square" of back and legs with the ground; Louis Agassiz Fuertes' "The Persian Gazellehound" painting: Baynes and Fuertes' The Book of Dogs (1919), page 22, Public Domain, via Biodiversity Heritage Library

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

The Byerley Turk by John Wootton (ca. 1682-Nov. 13, 1764), English painter of sporting subjects: Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Byerly_Turk.jpg

Allsen, Thomas T. 2006. The Royal Hunt in Eurasian History. Philadelpha PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Baynes, Ernest Harold; and Louis Agassiz Fuertes. 1919. "The Persian Gazellehound." The Book of Dogs: An Intimate Study of Mankind's Best Friend: 22. Washington DC: National Geographic Society.
Available via Biodiversity Heritage Library @ https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14994711

Marriner, Derdriu. 8 November 2013. "John Wootton Painting The Byerley Turk and Elementary's Thoroughbreds." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/11/john-wootton-painting-byerley-turk-and.html

"Saluki." American Kennel Club > Menu > Dog Breeds A-Z > View All Breeds.
Available @ https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/saluki/

"Saluki." VetSTREET > Dogs > Breeds > Hounds.
Available @ http://www.vetstreet.com/dogs/saluki#personality

Wednesday, November 27, 2013

Pawsey Crater Honors Australian Radio Astronomer Joseph Lade Pawsey

Summary: Pawsey Crater honors Australian radio astronomer Joseph Lade Pawsey, a pioneer in the 20th century’s new discipline of radio astronomy.

Detail of Lunar Astronautical Charts (LAC) 31 shows Pawsey Crater with nearest named neighbors, Bridgman E (west; left), Campbell (east; right) and Wiener (south; below); courtesy NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) / GSFC (Goddard Space Flight Center) / ASU (Arizona State University): U.S. Geological Survey, Public Domain, via USGS Astrogeology Science Center / Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature

Pawsey Crater honors Australian radio astronomer Joseph Lade Pawsey, whose pioneer involvement in radio astronomy established Australia’s CSIRO (Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Organization) Radiophysics Laboratory as a world-famous center.

Pawsey is a middle-latitude, lunar impact crater in the far side’s northwestern quadrant. A small crater encroaches the western rim. A cup-shaped crater resides on the western interior floor, to the northeast of the western rim’s crater. A cup-shaped crater lies along Pawsey’s northeastern edge.

Pawsey Crater is centered at 44.24 degrees north latitude, 145.29 degrees east longitude, according to the International Astronomical Union’s (IAU) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. The eastern hemisphere crater’s northernmost and southernmost latitudes occur at 45.23 degrees north and 43.25 degrees north, respectively. The northern hemisphere crater obtains easternmost and westernmost longitudes of 146.67 degrees east and 143.91 degrees east, respectively. Pawsey Crater has a diameter of 59.98 kilometers.

Pawsey Crater claims three close, named neighbors. Campbell Crater lies to the east of Pawsey.. Pawsey’s southwestern edge nudges Wiener Crater’s outer northern ramparts. The Bridgman Crater system’s satellite E resides to the west of Pawsey.

Pawsey’s eastern neighbor, Campbell, is an impact-worn lunar impact crater. The large crater is pimpled with craters on its rim, inner wall and interior floor.

Campbell Crater is centered at 45.57 degrees north latitude, 152.91 degrees east longitude. Its northernmost and southernmost latitudes stretch to 49.26 degrees north and 41.92 degrees north, respectively. Its easternmost and westernmost longitudes reach 158.26 degrees east and 147.81 degrees east, respectively. Campbell Crater’s diameter spans 222.48 kilometers.

Pawsey’s south-southeastern neighbor, Wiener, presents contrasts of irregularity and smoothness. Its relatively level interior floor bears a central peak structure, formed by a cluster of small ridges, near the crater’s midpoint. Its fairly well-formed northwestern rim shelters a slumped and terraced inner wall. The northern rim protrudes as an outward association with Wiener’s northwestern neighbor, Pawsey.

Wiener Crater is centered at 40.9 degrees north latitude, 146.51 degrees east longitude. It posts northernmost and southernmost latitudes of 42.77 degrees north and 39.03 degrees north, respectively. It finds easternmost and westernmost longitudes of 148.99 degrees east and 144.04 degrees east, respectively. Wiener Crater’s diameter spans 113.39 kilometers.

Pawsey’s western neighbor, Bridgman E, occupies the most easterly position in the Bridgman Crater system. It lies between its parent and Pawsey Crater.

Bridgman E is centered at 44.08 degrees north latitude, 141.84 degrees east longitude. It records northernmost and southernmost latitudes of 44.54 degrees north and 43.63 degrees north, respectively. It registers easternmost and westernmost longitudes of 142.47 degrees east and 141.2 degrees east, respectively. Bridgman E has a diameter of 27.55 kilometers.

Pawsey Crater honors Australian radio astronomer Joseph Lade Pawsey (May 14, 1908-Nov. 30, 1962). The International Astronomical Union (IAU) approved Pawsey as the crater’s official name in 1970, during the organization’s XIV (14th) General Assembly, held in Brighton, United Kingdom, from Sunday, Aug. 18, to Tuesday, Aug. 27. Prior to its official naming, Pawsey Crater was known as Crater 55.

Pawsey’s association with CSIRO (Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Organization) Radiophysics Laboratory began on Feb. 2, 1940, according to English physicist and radio astronomer Sir Alfred Charles Bernard Lovell (Aug. 31, 1913-Aug. 6, 2012) in his biography of Pawsey for the Nov. 30, 1984, issue of the Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of The Royal Society. The laboratory, which was established toward the end of 1939 in Sydney, New South Wales, southeastern Australia, was charged with conducting radar research for the Australian Armed Services.

Pawsey was elected as a Fellow of The Royal Society (FRS) on March 18, 1954. Pawsey’s election certificate, which was read to the Society on Nov. 6, 1952, included an acknowledgment of the significance of his leadership in securing recognition of Australia’s CSIRO Radiophysics Laboratory as a “leading centre of radio-astronomy.”

Pawsey co-authored Radio Astronomy with Ronald Newbold Bracewell (July 22, 1921-Aug. 12, 2007) as the new science’s first standard work. Radio Astronomy was published by Oxford University Press in 1955. Sir Alfred recognized the textbook as “. . . Pawsey’s major contribution to the general literature” (page 239) of radio astronomy.

The takeaways for Pawsey Crater, which honors Australian radio astronomer Joseph Lade Pawsey, are that the lunar crater resides as an eastern hemisphere crater in the far side’s northwestern quadrant and that the crater’s namesake is recognized as a pioneer in the 20th century’s new science of radio astronomy.

Detail of Shaded Relief and Color-Coded Topography Map shows Pawsey Crater’s (center) neighborhood in the far side’s portion of the moon’s eastern hemisphere: U.S. Geological Survey, Public Domain, via USGS Astrogeology Science Center / Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

Andersson, Leif E.; and Ewen A. Whitaker. NASA Catalogue of Lunar Nomenclature. NASA Reference Publication 1097. Washington DC: NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration Scientific and Technical Information Branch, October 1982.
Available via NASA NTRS (NASA Technical Reports Server) @ https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19830003761.pdf

Consolmagno, Guy; and Dan M. Davis. Turn Left at Orion. Fourth edition. Cambridge UK; New York NY: Cambridge University Press, 2011.

de Jager, C. (Cornelis); and A. (Arnost) Jappel, eds. XIVth General Assembly Transactions of the IAU Vol. XIV B Proceedings of the 14th General Assembly Brighton, United Kingdom, August 18-27, 1970. Washington DC: Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Jan. 1, 1971.
Available @ https://www.iau.org/publications/iau/transactions_b

Grego, Peter. The Moon and How to Observe It. Astronomers’ Observing Guides. London UK: Springer-Verlag, 2005.

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Bridgman E.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/9687

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Campbell.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/990

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Pawsey.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/4622

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Wiener.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/6544

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Lacus Somniorum.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/3217

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Target: The Moon.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Page/MOON/target

Levy, David H. Skywatching. Revised and updated. San Francisco CA: Fog City Press, 1994.

Lovell, A.C. (Alfred Charles) Bernard. “Joseph Lade Pawsey, 1908-1962.” Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of The Royal Society, vol. 10 (Nov. 30, 1984): 229-243.
Available via JSTOR @ https://www.jstor.org/stable/769321
Available via The Royal Society Publishing @ https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsbm.1964.0014

Marriner, Derdriu. “Wiener Crater Honors American Mathematician Norbert Wiener.” Earth and Space News. Wednesday, March 27, 2013.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-newas.blogspot.com/2013/03/wiener-crater-honors-american.html

Marriner, Derdriu. “Wiener Crater Parents Four Satellites on Lunar Far Side.” Earth and Space News. Wednesday, April 3, 2013.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/04/wiener-crater-parents-four-satellites.html

The Moon Wiki. “Bridgman.” The Moon > Lunar Features Alphabetically > B Nomenclature.
Available @ https://the-moon.us/wiki/Bridgman

The Moon Wiki. “Campbell.” The Moon > Lunar Features Alphabetically > C Nomenclature.
Available @ https://the-moon.us/wiki/Campbell

The Moon Wiki. “IAU Directions.” The Moon.
Available @ https://the-moon.us/wiki/IAU_directions

The Moon Wiki. “Pawsey.” The Moon > Lunar Features Alphabetically > P Nomenclature.
Available @ https://the-moon.us/wiki/Pawsey

The Moon Wiki. “Wiener.” The Moon > Lunar Features Alphabetically > W Nomenclature.
Available @ https://the-moon.us/wiki/Wiener

Moore, Patrick, Sir. Philip’s Atlas of the Universe. Revised edition. London UK: Philip’s, 2005.

National Aeronautics and Space Administration; and Department of Defense Aeronautical Chart and Information Center. Lunar Farside Chart LFC-1. Second edition. October 1967.
Available @ https://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/LunarFarsideCharts/LFC-1%201stEd/LFC-1%202ndEd/LFC-1A/

Pawsey, J.L. (Joseph Lade); and R.N. (Ronald Newbold) Bracewell. Radio Astronomy. Oxford [England]: Clarendon Press, 1955.
Available via Internet Archive @ https://archive.org/details/RadioAstronomy_682/

The Royal Society. “Pawsey; Joseph Lade (1908-1962).” The Royal Society > Fellows.
Available via The Royal Society @ https://collections.royalsociety.org/DServe.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqDb=Persons&dsqPos=0&dsqSearch=%28%28text%29%3D%27pawsey%27%29

van der Hucht, Karel A., ed. XXVIth General Assembly Transactions of the IAU Vol. XVII B Proceedings of the 26th General Assembly Prague, Czech Republic, August 14-25, 2006. Cambridge UK: Cambridge University Press, Dec. 30, 2008.
Available @ https://www.iau.org/publications/iau/transactions_b/

Friday, November 22, 2013

George Stubbs Painting The Godolphin Arabian and Elementary's Nutmeg

Summary: The George Stubbs painting The Godolphin Arabian presents one of the trio that proves if Elementary's The Marchioness possesses Thoroughbreds Nov. 7, 2013.

The Godolphin Arabian, with feline friend, Grimalkin the Stable Cat, as depicted by George Stubbs (Aug. 25, 1724- July 10, 1806), English sporting painter, especially of horses: Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons

The George Stubbs painting The Godolphin Arabian avoids arguments that Nutmeg and Silver Blaze's brother advance in Elementary series episode The Marchioness Nov. 7, 2013, about Thoroughbred racehorse and studhorse ancestral bloodlines.

Director Sanaa Hamri and writers Robert Doherty, Christopher Hollier and Craig Sweeny never bring the Byerley Turk, Darley Arabian or Godolphin Arabian into the 31st episode. The second season's seventh episode considers criminal concealment of Thoroughbred Silver Blaze's death from heart failure and identity theft for his brother by a different mare. The procedural drama depicts the Thoroughbred colt Nutmeg whose inherited whorls above, not between, the eyes designate as parents Silver Blaze's brother and Twice for No.

The Godolphin Arabian endured Nutmeg-like experiences through ending up in stables unexpected before birth even though a royal gift exchange, not questionable parentage, encouraged the exile.

The Robles cartel-seeded Mariotti Farms Stable and Training Facility find third-party ownership for the colt Nutmeg whose inherited white whorls favor Silver Blaze's brother as father.

The Godolphin Arabian never got downgraded like Nutmeg even though the Thoroughbred studhorse generated historical controversy over ancestral bloodlines as an Arabian, Barb or Turkoman descendant. He had the dished profile and the high-carried tail of an Arabian Thoroughbred and the Barb nomenclature only through foaling in 1724 on Tunisia's Barbary Coast. Al-Husayn I ibn Ali (1675?-May 13, 1740), first Husainid Bey of Tunis after the Muradid dynasty, included the subsequent Godolphin Arabian in his stables until 1730.

The Godolphin journeyed, perhaps by Aleppo, Syria, to the stables of Louis XV (Feb. 15, 1710-May 10, 1774), Bourbon King of France since Sep. 1, 1715.

France's Bien-Aimé ("Well-Beloved") kept him until his cousin, Duke of Lorraine and subsequent Holy Roman Emperor Francis I (Dec. 8, 1708-Aug. 18, 1765), knew better deals.

Edward Coke (1701?-August 1733) led the Godolphin Arabian northward across the English Channel to Derbyshire, central England, as Longford Hall's studhorse, until a bequeathed location southeastwards. Roger Williams, heir to Coke horses and, 1704?-1747, proprietor of Williams's coffee house, 86 St. James's Street, London, maintained the Godolphin until the Thoroughbred's last move. Francis Godolphin, second Earl of Godolphin (Sep. 3, 1678-Jan. 17, 1756), nestled his namesake into Babraham village, south Cambridgeshire, as Thoroughbred studhorse until Dec. 25, 1753.

The George Stubbs painting "The Godolphin Arabian observed a bay-bodied, deep-shouldered, high-crested, high-withered, lean-bodied, long-necked, long-tailed, short-backed, small-headed, small-legged Thoroughbred Araban with the hind heels white-marked.

John Wootton (1682?-Nov. 13, 1764), horse portrait pioneer, painted The Godolphin Arabian even though self-taught George Stubbs's (Aug. 25, 1724-July 10, 1806) portrayal proved more popular.

James Christie Whyte, author of History of the British Turf in 1840, queued up original portraits in Houghton Hall, Norfolk, southeastern England, and the Godolphin library. The latter's portrayal represented Grimalkin, "and such was the regard existing between them, that the cat really pined to death for the loss of the horse." A plaque still shows the space that served as the Godolphin Arabian's sepulcher under the earl's stable gateway at Wandlebury Ring, Gog Magog Hills, Cambridgeshire.

The George Stubbs painting The Godolphin Arabian teams with the John Wootton paintings The Byerley Turk and The Darley Arabian to tribute Elementary English Thoroughbreds' ancestors.

Sherlock Holmes (Jonny Lee Milller), behind the scenes of CBS Elementary's The Marchioness (season 2 episode 7): Elementary Writers @ELEMENTARYStaff, via Twitter Nov. 7, 2013

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

Sherlock Holmes (Jonny Lee Milller), behind the scenes of CBS Elementary's The Marchioness (season 2 episode 7): Elementary Writers @ELEMENTARYStaff, via Twitter Nov. 7, 2013, @ https://twitter.com/ELEMENTARYStaff/status/398663538689855489

For further information:

"Arabians, Barbs & Turks." Thoroughbred Bloodlines.
Available @ http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/GodolphinArabian.htm

Cook, Theodore Andrea. "The 'Godolphin Arabian' by Roberts." A History of the English Turk. Vol. I: 146. London, England: H. Virtue and Company.
Available via Biodiversity Heritage Library @ https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22216552

Cook, Theodore Andrea. "The 'Godolphin Arabian' by Sartorius." A History of the English Turk. Vol. I: 171. London, England: H. Virtue and Company.
Available via Biodiversity Heritage Library @ https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22216579

Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan. The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. London England: George Newnes Ltd., 1892.

Elementary Writers @ELEMENTARYStaff. 7 November 2013. "One more photo for the road . . . @jonnyjlm." Twitter.
Available @ https://twitter.com/ELEMENTARYStaff/status/398663538689855489

Henry, Marguerite. 2006. King of the Wind: The Story of the Godolphin Arabian. Illustrated by Wesley Dennis. New York NY: Aladdin Paperbacks.

"The Marchioness." Elementary: The Second Season: Los Angeles CA: Paramount Pictures Corporation, Nov. 7, 2013.

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 November 2013. “John Wootton Painting The Darley Arabian and Elementary's Studhorse.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/11/john-wootton-painting-darley-arabian.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 8 November 2013. “John Wootton Painting The Byerley Turk and Elementary's Thoroughbreds.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/11/john-wootton-painting-byerley-turk-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 30 August 2013. “Turner Fighting Temeraire Painting in Elementary Series Episode The Woman.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/08/turner-fighting-temeraire-painting-in.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 June 2013. “Paul Gauguin Painting Tahitian Women on the Beach in Elementary's The Woman.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/06/paul-gauguin-painting-tahitian-women-on.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 31 May 2013. “Rubens Painting The Incredulity of St Thomas in Elementary's The Woman.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/05/rubens-painting-incredulity-of-st.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 24 May 2013. “Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec Painting Rousse in Elementary Episode The Woman.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/05/henri-de-toulouse-lautrec-painting.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 May 2013. “The Bruegel Painted Parable in the Elementary Series Episode The Woman.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/05/the-bruegel-painted-parable-in.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 February 2013. “Osmia Avosetta Natural History Illustrations for Elementary's Bee.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/02/osmia-avosetta-natural-history.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 1 February 2013. “Russian Tortoise Natural History Illustrations and Elementary's Clyde Jan. 31, 2013.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/02/russian-tortoise-natural-history.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 25 January 2013. “Costliest, World-Most Expensive Chopard Watch: 201 Carats at $25 Million.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/01/costliest-world-most-expensive-chopard.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 January 2013. “Chopard Watch Worth $25 Million on Elementary Episode The Leviathan.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/01/chopard-watch-worth-25-million-on.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 11 January 2013. “Claude Monet Painting Nympheas 1918 in Elementary Series' Leviathan.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/01/claude-monet-painting-nympheas-1918-in.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 4 January 2013. “Paul Cézanne Still Life Painting Fruit in Elementary Series' Leviathan.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/01/paul-cezanne-still-life-painting-fruit.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 December 2012. “Paul Signac Painting Women at the Well in Elementary Series' Leviathan.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/12/paul-signac-painting-women-at-well-in.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 21 December 2012. “The Van Gogh Pietà Painting in Elementary Series Episode The Leviathan.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/12/the-van-gogh-pieta-painting-in.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 December 2012. “Edward Hopper Painting Western Motel in Elementary Series' Leviathan.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/12/edward-hopper-painting-western-motel-in.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 September 2012. "Are Lesser Clovers Sherlock's Lucky Shamrocks on Elementary's Pilot?" Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2012/09/are-lesser-clovers-sherlocks-lucky.html

Sheppard, F.H.W. (Francis Henry Wollaston), ed. "No. 86 St. James's Street: Williams's coffee house." Survey of London, volumes 29 and 30 -- St. James Westminster, part 1, chapter XXV.
Available via British History Online @ http://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-london/vols29-30/pt1/pp459-471#h3-0013

Whyte, James Christie. 1840. History of the British Turf. Vol. 1. London England: Henry Colburn.
Available via Internet Archive @ https://archive.org/details/historyofbritish00whyt

Wednesday, November 20, 2013

Hall Crater Parents Five Satellites in Southeastern Lacus Somniorum

Summary: Hall Crater parents five satellites in southeastern Lacus Somniorum (Lake of Dreams), a basaltic plain in the lunar near side’s northeastern quadrant.

Detail of U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) map of lunar Geminus Quadrangle shows Hall Crater system of parent and five satellites (C, J, K, X, Y) in near side’s Lacus Somniorum; USGS in cooperation with NASA and USAF ACIC (Aeronautical Chart and Information Center), 1974: U.S. Geological Survey, via USGS Publications Warehouse

Hall Crater parents five satellites in southeastern Lacus Somniorum (Lake of Dreams), an irregularly shaped feature occupying the lunar near side’s northeastern quadrant as a lunar mare (Latin: mare, “sea”), or dark, basaltic lava plain.

Flooded primary lunar crater Hall is centered at 33.81 degrees north latitude, 36.75 degrees east longitude, according to the International Astronomical Union’s (IAU) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. The northern hemisphere crater’s northernmost and southernmost latitudes occur at 34.33 degrees north and 33.29 degrees north, respectively. The northern hemisphere crater’s easternmost and westernmost longitudes reach 37.38 degrees east and 36.12 degrees east, respectively. Hall Crater’s diameter measures 31.77 kilometers.

The lunar near side’s Hall Crater system comprises one primary crater and five satellites (C, J, K, X, Y). The quintet of satellites reside to the north of their parent’s northern rim.

Hall C lies to the near northwest of its parent’s northwestern rim. Its placement qualifies C as the most southerly of the Hall Crater system’s five satellites. Hall C also claims the nearest location to its parent.

Hall C is centered at 34.71 degrees north latitude, 35.88 degrees east longitude. It posts northernmost and southernmost latitudes of 34.8 degrees north and 34.61 degrees north, respectively. It marks easternmost and westernmost longitudes at 35.99 degrees east and 35.77 degrees east, respectively. Hall C’s diameter measures 5.7 kilometers.

Hall K occurs as the Hall Crater system’s second northwestern satellite. K lies to the northwest of Hall C. Hall K’s outlying location qualifies it as the most westerly of the Hall Crater system’s five satellites.

Hall K is centered at 35.57 degrees north latitude, 34.26 degrees east longitude. It finds northernmost and southernmost latitudes at 35.68 degrees north and 35.45 degrees north, respectively. It confines its easternmost and westernmost longitudes to 34.4 degrees east and 34.11 degrees east, respectively. Hall K’s diameter measures 7.21 kilometers.

Hall J and Hall Y lie to the north of their parent. Hall Y’s placement to the north of Hall J qualifies Y as the Hall Crater system’s most northerly satellite.

Hall J is centered at 35.47 degrees north latitude, 36.9 degrees east longitude. It records northernmost and southernmost latitudes of 35.6 degrees north and 35.35 degrees north, respectively. It registers easternmost and westernmost longitudes at 37.06 degrees east and 36.75 degrees east, respectively. Hall J’s diameter measures 7.55 kilometers.

Hall J’s diameter qualifies it as the largest of the Hall Crater system’s five satellites. Its diameter of 7.55 kilometers approximates 23.75 percent of its parent’s 31.77-kilometer diameter.

Hall Y is centered at 36.34 degrees north latitude, 36.94 degrees east longitude. It confines its northernmost and southernmost latitudes to 36.4 degrees north and 36.28 degrees north, respectively. It sets its easternmost and westernmost longitudes at 37.02 degrees east and 36.86 degrees east, respectively. Hall Y has a diameter of 3.69 kilometers.

Hall Y’s diameter qualifies it as the smallest of the Hall Crater system’s five satellites. Its diameter of 3.69 kilometers approximates 48.9 percent of the 7.55-kilometer diameter assigned to Hall J, the Hall Crater system’s largest satellite. Hall Y’s diameter approximates 11.6 percent of its parent’s 31.77-kilometer diameter.

Hall X forms a tight triangle with northern satellites J and Y. X lies to the southeast of Y and to the northeast of J. Hall X’s placement qualifies it as the most easterly of the Hall Crater system’s five satellites.

Hall X is centered at 35.7 degrees north latitude, 37.83 degrees east longitude. It sets its northernmost and southernmost latitudes at 35.77 degrees north and 35.64 degrees north, respectively. Its easternmost and westernmost longitudes are found at 37.91 degrees east and 37.75 degrees east, respectively. Hall X has a diameter of 4 kilometers.

The takeaways for Hall Crater’s parentage of five satellites in southeastern Lacus Somniorum (Lake of Dreams) are that the Hall Crater system occupies the near side’s northeastern quadrant; that the Hall Crater system’s largest and smallest satellites are Hall J and Hall Y, respectively; and that Hall Y, Hall X, Hall C and Hall K qualify as the Hall Crater system’s most northerly, easterly, southerly and westerly satellites, respectively.

Detail of Lunar Astronautical Charts (LAC) 27 shows Hall Crater and its five satellites (C, J, K, X, Y) in southeastern Lacus Somniorum (Lake of Dreams); courtesy NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) / GSFC (Goddard Space Flight Center) / ASU (Arizona State University): U.S. Geological Survey, Public Domain, via USGS Astrogeology Science Center / Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

Consolmagno, Guy; and Dan M. Davis. Turn Left at Orion. Fourth edition. Cambridge UK; New York NY: Cambridge University Press, 2011.

Grego, Peter. The Moon and How to Observe It. Astronomers’ Observing Guides. London UK: Springer-Verlag, 2005.

Grolier, Maurice J. “Geologic Map of the Geminus Quadrangle of the Moon.” Geologic Atlas of the Moon Geminus Quadrangle I-841 (LAC-27). Prepared in cooperation with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the USAF Aeronautical Chart and Information Center. Reston VA: The U.S. Geolgical Survey, 1974.
Available via USGS Publications Warehouse @ https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/0841/plate-1.pdf

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Hall.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/2327

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Hall C.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/9687

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Hall J.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/9688

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Hall K.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/9689

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Hall X.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/9690

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Hall Y.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct. 18, 2010.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/9691

Levy, David H. Skywatching. Revised and updated. San Francisco CA: Fog City Press, 1994.

Marriner, Derdriu. “Hall Crater Honors American Astronomer Asaph Hall.” Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Nov. 13, 2013.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/11/hall-crater-honors-american-astronomer.html

Marriner, Derdriu. “Stickney Crater Honors Phobos Discoverer Asaph Hall’s First Wife.” Earth and Space News. Wednesday, July 3, 2013.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2013/07/stickney-crater-honors-phobos.html

The Moon Wiki. “Hall.” The Moon > Lunar Features Alphabetically > H Nomenclature.
Available @ https://the-moon.us/wiki/Hall

The Moon Wiki. “IAU Directions.” The Moon.
Available @ https://the-moon.us/wiki/IAU_directions

The Moon Wiki. “Lacus Somniorum.” The Moon > Lunar Features Alphabetically > S Nomenclature.br /> Available @ https://the-moon.us/wiki/Lacus_Somniorum

Moore, Patrick, Sir. Philip’s Atlas of the Universe. Revised edition. London UK: Philip’s, 2005.

Friday, November 15, 2013

John Wootton Painting The Darley Arabian and Elementary's Studhorse

Summary: The John Wootton painting The Darley Arabian honors the ancestor of famous Thoroughbreds, unlike The Marchioness's studhorse in Elementary Nov. 7, 2013.

The Darley Arabian, one of modern-day's three Foundation Thoroughbred Stallions, as depicted by John Wootton (ca. 1682-Nov. 13, 1764), English painter of sporting subjects: Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons

The John Wootton painting The Darley Arabian approaches in two aspects the physical appearance of the three alleged Thoroughbreds in the Columbia Broadcasting System's Elementary series episode The Marchioness Nov. 7, 2013.

Director Sanaa Hamri and writers Robert Doherty, Christopher Hollier and Craig Sweeny broach Thoroughbred compromised health, genetic testing and selective breeding in Season Two's seventh episode. Genetic testing's blood and hair samples and selective breeding's heart failure from an abnormally small heart and inherited whorls complicate the procedural drama's 31st episode overall. The blood and hair samples derive from a Thoroughbred that died of heart failure whereas the inherited whorls display different patterns above, versus between, the eyes.

Sherlock Holmes (Jonny Lee Miller) envisions an evil endeavor behind episodic genetic testing and the inherited white whorls of a colt, a racehorse and a studhorse.

Nigella Mason (Olivia d'Abo), ex-fiancée of Mycroft Holmes (Rhys Ifans) and ex-wife of Robert Suffolk, Marquis of Loudwater, finds that hair dye fights against financial failure.

Nigella's racehorse Silver Blaze got white whorls between the eyes whereas his non-racing brother by another mare gives his colt Nutmeg inherited whorls above the eyes. Silver Blaze had heart failure 10 weeks after Nigella's divorce decree and settlement papers had finalized so hair dye heads a non-racer into a studhorse career. Nutmeg's mother, Twice for No, includes whorled "small patches of hair which grow in the opposite direction to the rest of the coat" between the eyes.

The John Wootton painting The Darley Arabian juggles white-marked head and warm brown body, colors of Nutmeg, Silver Blaze and his brother and Twice for No.

Thoroughbred breeding and racing enthusiasts and experts know that the Darley Arabian kept a white stripe from just below the crest to just below the nostrils.

Thomas Darley's (May 19, 1664-March 9, 1704) letter Dec. 21, 1703, to his brother Henry, lauded Syrian Sheikh Mirza's Anazah Arabian stallion Ras el Fedowi ("Headstrong"). It mentioned that "His colour is bay, and his near fore-foot before, with his hind-feet, has white upon them. He has a blaze down his face." It noted the four-year-old's (March-April 1700-1730) representing "the most esteemed race among the Arabs, both by sire and dam, and the name is called Mannicka [Muniqui]."

John Nost Sartorius's (1755-1828) painting, the John Wootton painting The Darley Arabian and a Yorkshire artist's 9.3- by 7-foot (2.84- by 2.13-meter) painting offered description-true portraits.

Darley purchased the colt "about a year and a half ago, with a design to send him to my father [Richard] at the very first opportunity."

The Honorable Reverend Henry Brydges, son of Lord Chandos, and William Wakelin, Captain of the Ipswich, queued up as the lean-bodied, long-legged Thoroughbred's companion and transport. The Darley letter required the high-tailed, high-withered, long-necked, small-headed colt's relay to John Darley or to maternal cousin Charles Waite for Aldby Park, Darley family seat. The Darley Arabian survived 26 years after his Levant Company merchant purchaser from Buttercrambe village, East Yorkshire, perished from chest injuries from falling off a horse.

The John Wootton painting The Darley Arabian toasted a Thoroughbred that, unlike Elementary's tragic Silver Blaze, transmitted y chromosomes to 95 percent of 21st-century Thoroughbred racehorses.

Nutmeg's whorls clue Sherlock Holmes (Jonny Lee Miller) to fake racehorse descent schemes orchestrated by Nigella Mason (Olivia d'Abo) in CBS Elementary's The Marchioness (season 2 episode 7): Elementary Writers @ELEMENTARYStaff, via Twitter Nov. 7, 2013

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

Cook, Theodore Andrea. "'The Darley Arabian' From the Painting by J N Sartorius." A History of the English Turk. Vol. I: opposite page 44. London, England: H. Virtue and Company.
Available via Biodiversity Heritage Library @ https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22216439

Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan. The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. London England: George Newnes Ltd., 1892.

Elementary Writers @ELEMENTARYStaff. 7 November 2013. "We're planning a spinoff where Clyde the turtle and Nutmeg the baby horse solve crimes. It's called 'Shellementary.'" Twitter.
Available @ https://twitter.com/ELEMENTARYStaff/status/398655424116707329

"The Marchioness." Elementary: The Second Season: Los Angeles CA: Paramount Pictures Corporation, Nov. 7, 2013.