Earth and Space News

Saturday, November 2, 2019

Milo Pacific Rosewood Applies Five-0's All Knowledge to Magnum's Lie

Summary: Milo Pacific rosewood appears anciently in the ki'i statues that allow cultural associations between Five-0's All Knowledge and Magnum's Lie Nov. 1, 2019.

reconstruction of Hale o Keawe, an ancient Hawaiian heiau (temple) that was the burial site of Island of Hawai'i's ali'i nui (supreme ruler), Keaweʻīkekahialiʻiokamoku (ca. 1665-ca. 1725), with kii (protective statues); Pu'uhonua o Honaunau National Park, Kona Hema (South Kona District), western Big Island of Hawai'i, Hawai'i; Dec. 8, 2005; Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division / Carol M. Highsmith Archive: Carol M. Highsmith, No known restrictions, via Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Online Catalog (PPOC)

Milo Pacific rosewood as ki'i ("picture") statues adjusts assertions that anchor Five-0's All Knowledge Is Not Learned in Just One School to actions in Magnum's Lie, Cheat, Steal, Kill Nov. 1, 2019.

Hawaii Five-0 tenth-season sixth-episode director Karen Gaviola and writer Duppy Demetrius broach bridging technology and tradition by driverless cars delivering drugs and police ride-alongs by YouTubers. The action police procedural television series' 224th episode overall contrasts cars conducted by law enforcement for government transparency and computerized by opaque perpetrators for drug users. Magnum PI second-season sixth-episode director Ron Underwood and writer Alfredo Barrios Jr. deal with defendant Neal Conlan (Jesse Bradford) deceiving defense attorney Abby Miller (Brooke Lyons).

The action drama television series' 26th episode overall ends entrepreneurial enmity over Kamekona Tupuola's (Wily Taylor) Kamekona's Helicopter Tours and Theodore Calvin's (Stephen Hill) Island Choppers.

Kapu (from Hawaiian kapuhili, "restrictions") formulations fit with ancient traditional Hawaiian society featuring for its members functional niches where function-focused education and lifestyles furthered function fulfillment.

Hands-on, oral, niche-generated schooling garners the 'ōlelo ao ("proverb"), All knowledge is not learned in just one school, that guides Hawaii Five-0 and sanctuary's ki'i statues. Magnum PI's Lie, Cheat, Steal, Kill harbors harmful happenings that anciently heralded kapu-prescribed punishment unless their perpetrators headed into pu'uhonua ("hill of earth, "refuge") for forgiveness. Perceived sanctity; propounded beauty of red-, tan- and yellow-invested chocolate- to red-brown heartwood; and proven durability and manipulability inspired installing milo Pacific rosewood as ki'i statues.

No punishment, not even death penalties, jeopardized the life expectancies of even cheaters, killers, liars and stealers who journeyed into the pu'uhonua complex within great walls.

Hawaii Five-0 Task Force's Lieutenant Commander Steve McGarrett (Alex O'Loughlin) in CBS-TV's Hawaii Five-0 season 10 episode, A‘ohe pau ka ‘ike i ka halau ho‘okahi (All knowledge is not learned in just one school): Hawaii Five-0 @HawaiiFive0CBS, via Facebook Nov. 1, 2019

The three brown, buoyant, hairy, salt-tolerant, seaworthy, 0.39-inch- (1-centimeter-) long, 0.24-inch- (0.6-centimeter-) wide seeds in each fruit capsule know successful germination after one year in seawater.

Brittle, dry, five-angled, five-celled, flattened, leathery, paper, rounded, several-seeded, woody 0.98- to 1.97-inch (2.5- to 5-centimeter) diameter fruit capsules lounge atop branch-end, 0.79-inch- (2-centimeter-) tall stalks. Their 0.5- to 2-inch- (1.3- to 5.1-centimeter-) high stalks maintain hibiscus-like, apart part- not full-opening, five-petaled, maroon-centered, one-day, orange-yellow, semi-poisonous, tulip-shaped maximally 3-inch- (7.6-centimeter-) long flowers. Milo Pacific rosewood, noted by Manuel Correa (1874-1934), Carl Linnaeus (May 23, 1707-Jan. 10, 1778) and Daniel Solander (Feb. 19, 1733-May 13, 1782), net year-round foliage.

Milo Pacific rosewood, organized as Thespesia populnea (from Greek θεσπέσιος, "divine" and Latin populnea, "poplar-like"), observe alternate-occurring, 1.97- to 3.94-inch- (5- to 10-centimeter-) tall leaf stalks.

Glossy-topped, green upper-canopy, pale-bottomed, semi-poisonous, yellow lower-canopy, 3.94- to 7.87-inch- (10- to 20-centimeter-) long, 2.36- to 5.12-inch- (6- to 13-centimeter-) wide foliage prettifies brown-gray, fissured bark.

Maturity queues up 19.68- to 59.06-foot (6- to 18-meter) heights, 30- to 70-foot (9.14- to 21.34-meter) canopies and 7.87- to 23.62-inch (20- to 60-centimeter) trunk diameters. It realizes drought, heat, salt-spray, waterlogging and wind tolerances in sunny, well-drained soil pHs 6 to 7.4 and 19.68- to 62.00-inch (500- to 1,600-millimeter) annual rainfall. It survives temperatures between 68 and 79 degrees Fahrenheit (20 and 36 degrees Celsius) sea level through 902.23-foot (275-meter) altitudes on the overharvested main Hawaiian islands.

Milo Pacific rosewood today tag no all-forgiving sanctuaries for killers of Five-0's Patricia Martin and Marion Polani and Magnum PI's Tabitha Hall (Anyssa) and Wendy MillsNo school anciently taught all knowledge to all Hawaiians, whose death tolls trended less than punishable transgressions thanks to all-forgiving sanctuary with its milo Pacific rosewood ki'i statues.

Thomas Sullivan Magnum (Jay Hernandez), "Rick" Wright (Zachary Knighton), Juliet Higgins (Perdita Weeks) and "T.C." Calvin (Stephen Hill) in CBS-TV's Magnum P.I. season 2 episode 6, Lie, Cheat, Steal, Kill: Magnum P.I. @MagnumPICBS, via Facebook Nov. 1, 2019

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

reconstruction of Hale o Keawe, an ancient Hawaiian heiau (temple) that was the burial site of Island of Hawai'i's ali'i nui (supreme ruler), Keaweʻīkekahialiʻiokamoku (ca. 1665-ca. 1725), with ki'i (protective statues); Pu'uhonua o Honaunau National Park, Kona Hema (South Kona District), western Big Island of Hawai'i, Hawai'i; Dec. 8, 2005; Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division / Carol M. Highsmith Archive: Carol M. Highsmith, No known restrictions, via Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Online Catalog (PPOC) @ https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2010630038/

"A'ohe Pau Ka 'Ike I Ka Halau Ho'okahi: All Knowledge Is Not Learned in Just One School." Hawaii Five-0: The Tenth Season. Los Angeles CA: Paramount Pictures Corporation, Nov. 1, 2019.

Corréa de Serra, M. (Monsieur José Francisco). 1807. "XV. Thespasia populnea. (Soland. Mss.)." Pages 290-291. "Vues Carpologiques," Annales du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, tome neuvième: 283-293. Paris, France: Chez Tourneisen Fils.
Available via Biodiversity Heritage Library @ https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/3497796

Friday, J. B.; and Dana Okano. April 2006. "Thespesia populnea (milo). Version 2.1. In: Elevitch, E.R. (ed.). Species Profiles for Pacific Island Agroforestry. Hōlualoa HI: Permanent Agriculture Resources.
Available @ https://www.doc-developpement-durable.org/file/Arbres-Bois-de-Rapport-Reforestation/FICHES_ARBRES/Arbres-non-classes/Thespesia-milo.pdf

Hawaii Five-0 @HawaiiFive0CBS. 1 November 2019. "A driverless vehicle with some interesting cargo is at the center of tonight's all-new Hawaii Five-0. Stream it live at 8/7c on CBS and CBS All Access." Facebook.
Available @ https://www.facebook.com/HawaiiFive0CBS/posts/2802725053094286

Kinsey, T. Beth. 2019. "Thespesia populnea - Milo." Wildlife of Hawaii > Hawaiian Plants and Tropical Flowers.
Available @ https://wildlifeofhawaii.com/flowers/1498/thespesia-populnea-milo/

"Lie, Cheat, Steal, Kill." Magnum PI: The Second Season. Los Angeles CA: Paramount Pictures Corporation, Nov. 1, 2019.

Magnum P.I. @MagnumPICBS. 1 November 2019. "Digging up more than they bargained for. Stream an all-new Magnum P.I. live tonight at 9/8c on CBS and CBS All Access." Facebook.
Available @ https://www.facebook.com/MagnumPICBS/posts/457226704922024

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 October 2019. "Hawaiian Hoary Bats Acquit Five-0's Ghosts, Magnum's Make It 'Til Dawn." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/10/hawaiian-hoary-bats-acquit-five-0s.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 October 2019. "Molassesgrass Appalls Five-0's Tiny Is the Flower, Magnum's Dead Inside." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/10/molassesgrass-appalls-five-0s-tiny-is.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 October 2019. "Akohekohe Honeycreepers Attack Like Magnum PI's Knight Lasts Forever." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/10/akohekohe-honeycreepers-attack-like.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 October 2019. "Corsair Plane Wreck for Five-0's E Uhi Ana Ka Wa L Hala L Na Mea L Hala." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/10/corsair-plane-wreck-for-five-0s-e-uhi.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 6 October 2019. "Hawaiian Quilts Are More Cryptic Than Magnum PI's Honor Among Thieves." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/10/hawaiian-quilts-are-more-cryptic-than.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 5 October 2019. "Moiliili Caves Actualize Hawaii Five-0's Kuipeia E Ka Makani Apaa." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/10/moiliili-caves-actualize-hawaii-five-0s.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 September 2019. "Ti Tree Root Okolehao Applies To Magnum PI's Payback Is For Beginners." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/09/ti-tree-root-okolehao-applies-to-magnum.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 28 September 2019. "Kauila Trees Assure That on Five-0 Ua 'Eha Ka 'Ili I Ka Maka O Ka Ihe." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/09/kauila-trees-assure-that-on-five-0-ua.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 September 2019. "Yellow Fever Mosquitoes Air a Killer on Magnum's A Kiss Before Dying." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/09/yellow-fever-mosquitoes-air-killer-on.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 September 2019. "Hawaii Mamo Feathers Are Like Gold Necklaces on Magnum's Die He Said." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/09/hawaii-mamo-feathers-are-like-gold.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 1 September 2019. "Koloa Maoli Hawaiian Ducks Are One Duck Less on Magnum's Sudden Death." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/09/koloa-maoli-hawaiian-ducks-are-one-duck.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 18 May 2019. "Five-0 Endlessly Pours the Rain of Waianae into Hawaiian Rain Gardens." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/05/five-0-endlessly-pours-rain-of-waianae.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 11 May 2019. "Lahaina Noon: Unlike Five-0's Hewa Ka Lima Rarely the Hand Is at Fault." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/05/lahaina-noon-unlike-five-0s-hewa-ka.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 4 May 2019. "'Imiloa Sky Charts and Hawaii Five-0's Ho'okani No La O Ka Malihini." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/05/imiloa-sky-charts-and-hawaii-five-0s.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 April 2019. "Laysan Albatrosses: Earth Day 2019, Five-0 Season 9 Episode 22 Icons." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/04/laysan-albatrosses-earth-day-2019-five.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 April 2019. "Pueo Hawaiian Short-Eared Owls and Hawaii Five-0's He Kama Na Ka Pueo." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/04/pueo-hawaiian-short-eared-owls-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 6 April 2019. "Hau Hawaiian Sea Hibiscus, Ma'a Hawaiian Sling, Five-0's Way of the Gun." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/04/hau-hawaiian-sea-hibiscus-maa-hawaiian.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 March 2019. “Five-0’s Hawaiian He’e Big Blue Day Octopus of the Deep Spews Its Ink.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/03/five-0s-hawaiian-hee-big-blue-day.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 March 2019. “Hawaii Five-0's Ai No I Ka 'Ape He Mane'o No Ko Ka Nuku: Itchy Mouths.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/03/hawaii-five-0s-ai-no-i-ka-ape-he-maneo.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 24 February 2019. “Offer Young Taro Leaves To Hawaii Five-0 Episode E'ao Lu'au A Kualima.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/02/offer-young-taro-leaves-to-hawaii-five.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 23 February 2019. “Kanawao Shrub Fruits for Hawaii Five-0's Hapai Ke Kuko, Hanau Ka Hewa.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/02/kanawao-shrub-fruits-for-hawaii-five-0s.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 February 2019. “Five-0 Hawaiian Rain Gardens Not Made Prisoner by the Reign of the Rain.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/02/five-0-hawaiian-rain-gardens-not-made.htmlMarriner, Derdriu. 19 October 2019. "Molassesgrass Appalls Five-0's Tiny Is the Flower, Magnum's Dead Inside." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/10/molassesgrass-appalls-five-0s-tiny-is.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 3 February 2019. "Makou Hawaiian Buttercups Add No Aconitine to Magnum's I, the Deceased." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/02/makou-hawaiian-buttercups-add-no.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 2 February 2019. “Humpback Whales Depressed With the Heat in Keawalua on Hawaii Five-0.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/02/humpback-whales-depressed-with-heat-in.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 January 2019. “No 'Awa Or Kava Shrubs If Those Above Are Descending on Hawaii Five-0.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/01/no-awa-or-kava-shrubs-if-those-above.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 January 2019. “Kikui Tree Leaves for Hawaii Five-0 2010's Ka Hauli O Ka Mea Hewa 'Ole.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/01/kikui-tree-leaves-for-hawaii-five-0.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 5 January 2019. “Hawaii Five-0 Gone on the Road, Without Koa Wood Outrigger Canoes.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/01/hawaii-five-0-gone-on-road-without-koa.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 9 December 2018. “Ponderosa Pine Trees for When a Hawaii Five-0 2010 House Is Dark.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/12/ponderosa-pine-trees-for-when-hawaii.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 8 December 2018. “Hawaiian Pili Grass Houses: Hawaii Five-0 2010 When the Light Goes Out.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/12/hawaiian-pili-grass-houses-hawaii-five.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 1 December 2018. “Ko'a Black Coral for Hawaii Five-0 2010's Truth Comes from the Night.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/12/koa-black-coral-for-hawaii-five-0-2010s.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 November 2018. “Hawaiian Goose Nēnē: Birds of a Feather Episode on Hawaii Five-0 2010.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/11/hawaiian-goose-nene-birds-of-feather.htmlMarriner, Derdriu. 26 October 2019. "Hawaiian Hoary Bats Acquit Five-0's Ghosts, Magnum's Make It 'Til Dawn." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/10/hawaiian-hoary-bats-acquit-five-0s.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 11 November 2018. "Makiawa Hawaiian Sardines Appease Magnum PI's The Cat Who Cried Wolf." Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/11/makiawa-hawaiian-sardines-appease.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 10 November 2018. “Hawaiian Horses, Chang and McGarrett: Hawaii Five-0 2010 200th Episode.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/11/hawaiian-horses-chang-and-mcgarrett.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 3 November 2018. “Olonā Hawaiian Nettle Shrubs for Hawaii Five-0 Emergency Landings?” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/11/olona-hawaiian-nettle-shrubs-for-hawaii.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 27 October 2018. “Gernika Genocide Survivor Art Before Hawaii Five-0 Prophetic Child Art.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/10/gernika-genocide-survivor-art-before.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 20 October 2018. “Hawaiian Beach Sand: Hawaii Five-0 2010's On the Slope of the Cliff.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/10/hawaiian-beach-sand-hawaii-five-0-2010s.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 October 2019. "Corsair Plane Wreck for Five-0's E Uhi Ana Ka Wa I Hala I Na Mea I Hala." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/10/corsair-plane-wreck-for-five-0s-e-uhi.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 October 2018. “Lamian or Ramen Noodles: Hawaii Five-0's The Man Who Fell From the Sky.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/10/lamian-or-ramen-noodles-hawaii-five-os.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 6 October 2018. "Hawaiian Dolphinfish Mahi-Mahi Abide by Magnum PI's From the Head Down." Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/10/hawaiian-dolphinfish-mahi-mahi-abide-by.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 September 2018. “Gutta-Percha Trees and Hawaii Five-0 2010 Ninth Season Premiere Cocoon.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/09/gutta-percha-trees-and-hawaii-five-o.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 23 September 2018. “Ki'i Pōhaku Petroglyphs: Ancients Exposed on Five-0's Waiho Wale Kahiko.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/09/kii-pohaku-petroglyphs-ancients-exposed.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 May 2018. “Hawaiian Rain Gardens for Five-0's Tough Branch That Does Not Break.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/05/hawaiian-rain-gardens-for-five-0s-tough.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 6 May 2018. “Noni for Hawaii Five-0's Ka Hana A Ka Makua, O Ka Hana No Ia A Keiki.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/05/noni-for-hawaii-five-0s-ka-hana-ka.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 April 2018. “'Āliamanu Salt Lake and Five-0's Kopi Wale No I Ka I'a A 'Eu No Ka Ilo.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/04/aliamanu-salt-lake-and-five-0s-kopi.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 21 April 2018. “Hawaii Five-0 Episode Ahuwale Ka Nane Hina: Uku Hawaiian Gray Snappers.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/04/hawaii-five-0-episde-ahuwale-ka-nane.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 April 2018. “'Iwa Great Frigatebirds: Five-0's He Lokomaika'i Ka Manu O Kaiona.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/04/iwa-great-frigatebirds-five-0s-he.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 8 April 2018. “Chinese Juniper Shrubs on Hawaii Five-0 2010's Aohe Mea Make I Ka Hewa.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/04/chinese-juniper-shrubs-on-hawaii-five-0.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 April 2018. “Bonsai Gardening on Hawaii Five-0 2010 Episode Aohe Mea Make I Ka Hewa.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/04/bonsai-gardening-on-hawaii-five-0-2010.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 31 March 2018. “'Ulu Hawaiian Breadfruit To Do One's Duty on Five-0's E Ho'oko Kuleana.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/03/ulu-hawaiian-breadfruit-to-do-ones-duty.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 11 March 2018. “Chlorine Gas on Hawaii Five-0 2010's Holapu Ke Ahi Koe Iho Ka Lehu.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/03/chlorine-gas-on-hawaii-five-0-2010s.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 10 March 2018. “Golden Plovers and Stars of Heaven Know Where Pae Is on Hawaii Five-0.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/03/golden-plovers-and-stars-of-heaven-know.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 3 February 2018. “A Coral Reef Strengthens Out to Land on Hawaii Five-0 with Lobe Corals.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/02/a-coral-reef-strengthens-out-to-land-on.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 20 January 2018. “No Southern House Mosquitoes on Hawaii Five-0's Na Keikia Kalaihaohia.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/01/no-southern-house-mosquitoes-on-hawaii.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 January 2018. “What Is Gone Is Not Hawaiian Bobtail Squid on Hawaii Five-0 2010.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/01/what-is-gone-is-not-hawaiian-bobtail.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 January 2018. “Criminals Rare as Guernsey Dairy Cattle on Hawaii Five-0 The Roundup.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/01/criminals-rare-as-guernsey-dairy-cattle.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 6 January 2018. “Hawaiian Cattle Roundups and Hawaii Five-0 2010 The Roundup Criminals.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2018/01/hawaiian-cattle-roundups-and-hawaii.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 November 2010. “Hawaii Shave Ice Images and Take-Outs on Hawaii Five-0 2010 Ho'apono.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2010/11/hawaii-shave-ice-images-and-take-outs.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 November 2010. “Hawaiian Wild Boars Around Hawaii Five-0 2010's North Shore of O'ahu.” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2010/11/hawaiian-wild-boars-around-hawaii-five.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 13 November 2010. “Limu Lipoa Hawaiian Seaweed on Hawaii Five-0 2010 Episode Nalowale.” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2010/11/limu-lipoa-hawaiian-seaweed-on-hawaii.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 November 2010. “Hawaiian Blueberry Botanical Illustrations for Hawaii Five-0 Pancakes.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2010/11/hawaiian-blueberry-botanical.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 November 2010. “Hawaii Five-0 2010: Respect the Land and the Pizza Without Pineapples?” Earth and Space News. Sunday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2010/11/hawaii-five-0-2010-respect-land-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 6 November 2010. “Pygmy Hippopotamuses for Grace of the Hawaii Five-0 2010 Family?” Earth and Space News. Saturday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2010/11/pygmy-hippopotamuses-for-grace-of.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 5 November 2010. “Pineappley Hala Tree Botanical Illustrations for Hawaii Five-0 Pilot.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2010/11/pineappley-hala-tree-botanical.html

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Available @ https://www.nelsonwood.com/milo.html

Orwa, C.; A. Mutua; R. Kindt; R. Jamnadass; and S. Anthony. 2009. "Thespesia populnea." Agroforestry Database: A Tree Reference and Selection Guide. Version 4.0.
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Friday, November 1, 2019

Ajanta Cave 3: 200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings

Summary: Abandoned Ajanta cave 3 appears ancient but awkward in the 200th anniversary year of European-accessed Ajanta cave wall paintings in Maharashtra, India.

interior view of Ajanta Cave 3, an unfinished vihara cave; Ajanta Caves, Maharasthra, west-central India; Saturday, Jan. 12, 2013, 12:51: Dey.sandip, CC BY SA 4.0 International, via Wikimedia Commons

Ajanta cave 3 affords the aesthetic aspects of an abandoned veranda to an abandoned monastery in the 200th anniversary year of European-accessed Ajanta cave wall paintings in north-central Maharashtra state, central-west India.

Itinerant artisans and monks began Ajanta cave 3 during the second building phase, between the fifth and sixth, seventh or eighth centuries, at the Ajanta Caves. They commenced constructing Ajanta cave 3 to cater to the sleep-over comfort of itinerant artisans, merchants and monks and to the year-round convenience of resident monks. Asmaka kings dabbling in the political economy of the Ajanta subkings of the third- to sixth-century Vakataka dynasty perhaps drove artisans to depart with work undone.

Excavations ended before Ajanta cave 3 emerged as anything other than a fifth-century, 33.07- by 28.81-foot (10.08- by 8.78-meter) entryway into near-perpendicular volcanic basalt rock cliffs.

Sixteen-hundred-year-old Ajanta cave 3 fits into the 1,968.5-foot- (600-meter-) long, 1,300- to 2,300-year-old, 30-cavern Ajanta Caves as a vihara (from Sanskrit विहार, "walking [hall]") monastery cave.

Exterior courtyards and inner courts guided itinerant artisans, merchants and monks during dry-season months and resident monks into the dormitory cells of the vihara monastery caves. Itinerant artisans and merchants and itinerant and resident monks headed up sculpted steps and serialized ladders from the Waghora (from Sanskrit व्याघ्र, "tiger") River bend glen. They included in their temporary residency or year-round routines daily involvement in devotional and instructive itineraries around chaitya (from Sanskrit चैत्य, "funeral mound, pedestal, pile") caves.

Nobody journeys into Ajanta cave 3 in the 200th anniversary year of European-accessed Ajanta cave wall paintings to judge Ajanta Caves' accommodations for guests and residents.

Walter M. Spink, University of Michigan Emeritus Professor of Art History in Ann Arbor since 2000, knows of two 20-year spans that kindled Ajanta Caves' excavations.

The first excavations, between the third and the first centuries B.C., logged chaitya prayer halls 9 and 10 and vihara monasteries 8, 12, 13 and 15A/30. The Spink research mobilizes itinerant artisans and monks into making Ajanta monastery and prayer-hall caves between 90 and 70 B.C.E. and between 460 and 480 C.E.. Perhaps artisans 35 to 110 feet (10.67 to 33.53 meters) above the Waghora River negotiated the first notches into Ajanta cave 3 in the year 477.

Ajanta cave 3 still occupies its third place from the Ajanta Caves' eastern upper end in the 200th anniversary year of European-accessed Ajanta cave wall paintings.

The second building phase produced the 1,300- to 1,600-year-old prayer halls in Ajanta chaitya caves 19, 26 and 29 for peregrinators and pilgrims in monastery caves.

Ajanta caves 1 through 7, 11, 14, 15, 16 through 18, 20 through 25, 27 and 28 queued up as monastery caverns for residents and transients. Some chaitya prayer halls, such as Ajanta cave 29, and some vihara monasteries, such as Ajanta caves 3 and 28, remained rough and unreceptive to residence. Nobody sufficiently sculpted the space set aside for Ajanta cave 3 into standard gathering halls and sleeping accommodations of two stone-pillowed, stone-sculpted beds per dormitory cell.

Ajanta cave 3, like Ajanta cave 28, transmits, in the 200th anniversary year of European-accessed Ajanta cave wall paintings, the toll of transforming rock into temples.

exterior view of Ajanta Cave 3; Ajanta Caves, Maharashtra, west-central India; Wikimedia Commons page created via UploadWizard Thursday, Oct. 26, 2017, as detail from original image obtained Tuesday, July 29, 2014: Akshatha Inamdar, CC BY SA 4.0 International, via Wikimedia Commons

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

interior view of Ajanta Cave 3, an unfinished vihara cave; Ajanta Caves, Maharasthra, west-central India; Saturday, Jan. 12, 2013, 12:51: Dey.sandip, CC BY SA 4.0 International, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cave_3,_Ajanta.jpg

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Marriner, Derdriu. 25 October 2019. "Ajanta Cave 5: 200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings." Earth and Space News. Friday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 18 October 2019. "Ajanta Cave 4: 200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings." Earth and Space News. Friday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 11 October 2019. "200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings: Ajanta Cave 22." Earth and Space News. Friday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 4 October 2019. "200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings: Ajanta Cave 20." Earth and Space News. Friday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 27 September 2019. "Ajanta Cave 23: 200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings." Earth and Space News. Friday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 20 September 2019. "Ajanta Cave 21: 200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings." Earth and Space News. Friday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 13 September 2019. "Ajanta Cave 15: 200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings." Earth and Space News. Friday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 6 September 2019. "200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings: Ajanta Cave 7." Earth and Space News. Friday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 30 August 2019. "Mandana Wall Paintings: 200th Anniversary of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings." Earth and Space News. Friday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 23 August 2019. "Warli Wall Paintings: 200th Anniversary of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/08/warli-wall-paintings-200th-anniversary.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 16 August 2019. "200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings: Ajanta Cave 11." Earth and Space News. Friday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 9 August 2019. "Ajanta Cave 6: 200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/08/ajanta-cave-6-200th-anniversary-year-of.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 2 August 2019. "200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings: Ajanta Cave 18." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/08/200th-anniversary-year-of-ajanta-cave_2.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 July 2019. "Ajanta Cave 25: 200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/07/ajanta-cave-25-200th-anniversary-year.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 July 2019. "Thich Nhat Hanh Achieved at An Quang the Aims of Ajanta Jataka Tales." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/07/thich-nhat-hanh-achieved-at-quang-aims.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 July 2019. "Engaged Buddhism of Thich Nhat Hanh Allies With Ajanta Jataka Tales." Earth and Space News. Friday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 5 July 2019. “Thich Nhat Hanh and Indra's Net at Parallax Press and Ajanta Cave 17.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 28 June 2019. “Thich Nhat Hanh, La Boi and Ajanta Cave 16 Ace Outstanding Inner Peace.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/06/thich-nhat-hanh-la-boi-and-ajanta-cave.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 21 June 2019. “Thich Nhat Hanh and Indra's Net at Van Hanh and Ajanta Cave 1.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/06/thich-nhat-hanh-and-indras-net-at-van.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 14 June 2019. “Indra's Net Affects Thich Nhat Hanh, Phap Van and Ajanta Cave 2.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/06/indras-net-affects-thich-nhat-hanh-phap.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 7 June 2019. "Thich Nhat Hanh, Indra's Net at Phuong Boi and Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/06/thich-nhat-hanh-indras-net-at-phuong.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 31 May 2019. "Thich Nhat Hanh, Indra's Net at Bat Nha and Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/05/thich-nhat-hanh-indras-net-at-bat-nha.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 24 May 2019. “Thich Nhat Hanh, Stream Entering Monastery and Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/05/thich-nhat-hanh-stream-entering.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 17 May 2019. “Thich Nhat Hanh, Thai Plum Village and Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/05/thich-nhat-hanh-thai-plum-village-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 10 May 2019. “Thich Nhat Hanh, AIAB Hong Kong and Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/05/thich-nhat-hanh-aiab-hong-kong-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 3 May 2019. “Thich Nhat Hanh, EIAB Germany and Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/05/thich-nhat-hanh-eiab-germany-and-ajanta.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 26 April 2019. “Thich Nhat Hanh, Deer Park Monastery and Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/04/thich-nhat-hanh-deer-park-monastery-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 19 April 2019. “Thich Nhat Hanh, Blue Cliff Monastery and Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/04/thich-nhat-hanh-blue-cliff-monastery.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 12 April 2019. “Thich Nhat Hanh, Plum Village Tradition and Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/04/thich-nhat-hanh-plum-village-tradition.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 5 April 2019. “Thich Nhat Hanh, Tu Hieu Temple Walks and Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/04/thich-nhat-hanh-tu-hieu-temple-walks.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 29 March 2019. "Thich Nhat Hanh, Walking Meditations and Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings." Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/03/thich-nhat-hanh-walking-meditations-and.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 22 March 2019. “200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings: Ajanta Cave 13.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/03/200th-anniversary-year-of-ajanta-cave_22.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 15 March 2019. “200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings: Ajanta Cave 12.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 8 March 2019. “200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings: Ajanta Cave 8.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/03/200th-anniversary-year-of-ajanta-cave_8.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 1 March 2019. “200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings: Ajanta Cave 15A/30.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 22 February 2019. “200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings: Pithora Wall Art.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 15 February 2019. “200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings: Ajanta Cave 29.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 8 February 2019. “Ajanta Cave 26 in 200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/02/ajanta-cave-26-in-200th-anniversary.html

Marriner, Derdriu. 1 February 2019. “Ajanta Cave 19 in 200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 25 January 2019. “200th Anniversary Year of Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings in Ajanta Cave 9.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 18 January 2019. “Ancient Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings and Inscriptions in Ajanta Cave 10.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
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Marriner, Derdriu. 4 January 2019. “Accurate, Ancient, Artistic Ajanta Cave Wall Paintings to Buddha.” Earth and Space News. Friday.
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Wednesday, October 30, 2019

Gegenschein Peak Autumn Viewing Happens October and November

Summary: Gegenschein peak autumn viewing happens October and November for mid-northern latitude observers.

“False Dawn” image of the gegenschein (toward the left of the frame), the Milky Way (center) and the zodiacal light (to the right); image taken at European Southern Observatory’s La Silla Observatory on the outskirts of northern Chile’s Atacama Desert by Czech astrophotographer and ESO Photo Ambassador Petr Horálek: ESO/P. Horálek, CC BY 4.0 International, via ESO (European Southern Observatory)

Gegenschein peak autumn viewing happens October and November as the second of two annual peak viewing sessions for mid-northern latitude observers.

Gegenschein appears in astronomical terminology as the German word for “counter glow.” It is pronounced as gay-gen-shine. The gegenschein visualizes as a luminous, oval patch.

American amateur astronomer Bob King, known popularly as Astro Bob, describes the gegenschein as “cousin of the zodiacal light and one of the greatest night sky naked-eye challenges” in his Oct. 14, 2015, article in Sky & Telescope magazine. He explains that sunlight reflecting off dust particles from comets and rocky splinters from asteroids occasions the gegenschein and the zodiacal light. Back-scattered sunlight creates the gegenschein. Forward-scattered light produces its brighter cousin, the zodiacal light.

Both the gegenschein and the zodiacal light are centered on the ecliptic, Earth’s projected orbit on astronomy and navigation’s celestial sphere. King explains that the greater concentration of the small interplanetary particles account for the two optical phenomena’s favoring of the ecliptic.

The two optical phenomena differ in their placements with respect to the sun. The gegenschein appears at 180 degrees opposite the sun. The zodiacal light favors the same direction as spring’s sunsets and autumn’s sunrises.

The gegenschein illustrates astronomy’s opposition effect, which is also evinced by the full moon and by a planet at opposition. The opposition effect pertains to the brightness and shadow hiding that characterize the antisolar point, the abstract point on the celestial sphere lying directly opposite the sun, from the observer’s perspective. When the sun has set, the observer’s antisolar point is located above the horizon.

The gegenschein is positioned highest in the sky around midnight, local standard time. King notes: “You can see it an hour or two earlier or later, but it’s highest and easiest to spot during the midnight hour.” During daylight saving time, the highest gegenschein occurs at 1 a.m.

The gegenschein offers varying degrees of visibility throughout most of the year at mid-northern latitudes. The Milky Way camouflages the gegenschein in December and January, during the optical phenomenon’s crossing of the solar system’s home galaxy, according to King. American astronomer and gegenschein observer Edward Emerson “E.E.” Barnard (Dec. 16, 1857-Feb. 6, 1923) noted the gegenschein’s invisibility in “June and December, because in those months it is crossing the milky-way” in the June 1891 issue of the Astronomical Journal.

The gegenschein’s location high in the southern sky between September and November explains the autumn peak viewing session at mid-northern latitudes. King advises directing attention to the zodiac constellation appearing in the south around midnight.

Clear, moonless nights and sites devoid of, or with very little, light pollution facilitate successful perception of the gegenschein. Barnard also disfavored moonlight and artificial interference. In the 1918 issue of Popular Astronomy, he advised: “There must be no moonlight. The sky must be clear and not hazy. There must be no artificial light near to blind one.”

King echoes Barnard’s promotion of the averted gaze technique for spotting the gegenschein. Rather than looking directly at the targeted area, the gaze plays around the spot, with indirect glances. Barnard also found squinting as a valuable aid for detecting the gegenschein.

King announces that two annual peak viewing sessions of the gegenschein are available at mid-northern latitudes. The autumn peak of best visibility occurs in October and November. The late winter-early spring peak happens in February and March. Barnard only specified September through November as the best viewing months.

The takeaway for the gegenschein peak autumn viewing that happens in October and November for observers at mid-northern latitudes is that the optical phenomenon also offers peak viewing in February and March and only cloaks visibility during Milky Way crossings.

mid-month approximate shapes and sizes for the ecliptic-centered gegenschein: Martin McKenna @martinastro2005, via Twitter Oct. 18, 2018

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

mid-month approximate shapes and sizes for the ecliptic-centered gegenschein: Martin McKenna @martinastro2005, via Twitter Oct. 18, 2018, @ https://twitter.com/martinastro2005/status/1052926421973250048

For further information:

Barnard, E.E. (Edward Emerson). “The Gegenschein and its Possible Origin.” Popular Astronomy, vol. XXVII, no. 2, whole no. 262 (February 1919): 109-112.
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System) @ http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1919PA.....27..109B

Barnard, E.E. (Edward Emerson). “The Gegenschein in the First Half of October.” Popular Astronomy, vol. XXVI, no. 8, whole no. 258 (October 1918): 561.
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System) @ http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1918PA.....26..561B
Available via HathiTrust @ https://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101075380277?urlappend=%3Bseq=627

Barnard, E.E. (Edward Emerson). “The Gegenschein or Zodiacal Counterglow.” Popular Astronomy, vol. VII, no. 4, whole no. 64 (April 1899): 169-179.
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System) @ http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1899PA......7..169B

Barnard, E.E. (Edward Emerson). “Observations of the Zodiacal Counterglow, or Gegenschein, Made at Mt. Hamilton During the Years 1888, 1889, 1890, 1891.” Astronomical Journal, vol. 11, issue 243 (June 1891): 1920.
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System) @ http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1891AJ.....11...19B

Barnard, E.E. (Edward Emerson). “Periodical Changes in the Form of the Gegenschein.” Astronomical Journal, vol. 20, issue 472 (November 1899): 131-132.
Available via Harvard ADSABS (NASA Astrophysics Data System) @ http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1899AJ.....20..131B

King, Bob. Night Sky With the Naked Eye. Salem MA: Page Street Publishing Co., 2016.

King, Bob. “Take the Gegenschein Challenge.” Sky & Telescope > Observing. Oct. 14, 2015.
Available @ https://www.skyandtelescope.com/observing/take-the-gegenschein-challenge101420151410/

Ley, Willy. “The Puzzle Called Gegenschein.” Galaxy Magazine, vol. 19, no. 4 (April 1961): 74-79.
Available via Internet Archive @ https://archive.org/stream/Galaxy_v19n04_1961-04#page/n37/mode/1up

Marriner, Derdriu. “Thomas William Backhouse Clearly Saw Gegenschein Sept. 28, 1875.” Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Sept. 25, 2019.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2019/09/thomas-william-backhouse-clearly-saw.html

Martin McKenna @martinastro2005. “The Gegenschein was spectacular last night as a huge oval elongated on both ends as it merged into the zodiacal band 25 degrees long. Easy to see despite being in proximity to Maghera town. Check it out after moonset between Taurus, Aries Pisces & Cetus.” Twitter. Oct. 18, 2018.
Available @ https://twitter.com/martinastro2005/status/1052926421973250048

Nemiroff, Robert (MTU); and Jerry Bonnell (UMCP). “The Gegenschein Over Chile.” NASA APOD (Astronomy Picture of the Day). Jan. 14, 2014.
Available @ https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap140114.html