Earth and Space News: far side lunar crater Roche

Showing posts with label far side lunar crater Roche. Show all posts

Wednesday, December 25, 2024

Far Side Roche Crater Parents Four Satellites Southwest of Mare Ingenii

Summary: Roche Crater parents four satellites on the lunar far side in the cratered terrain southwest of Mare Ingenii.

The six-member Roche Crater system comprises parent crater Roche and four satellites occupying the cratered terrain to the south of Mare Ingenii in the lunar far side's southern hemisphere.

Roche Crater, the system's parent, is centered at minus 42.37 degrees south latitude, 136.54 degrees east longitude, according to the International Astronomical Union’s (IAU) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. Its northmost and southmost latitudes extend from minus 39.85 degrees south to minus 44.88 degrees south, respectively. Its eastmost and westmost longitudes end at 139.96 degrees east and 133.12 degrees east, respectively. Roche Crater's diameter spans 152.67 kilometers.

Roche B nestles on its parent's craterlet-notched, northeastern inner wall. Roche B is centered at minus 40.58 degrees south latitude, 137.79 degrees east longitude. The southern hemisphere satellite expresses its northmost and southmost latitudes at minus 40.22 degrees south and minus 40.94 degrees south, respectively. It extinguishes its eastmost and westmost longitudes at 138.27 degrees east and 137.71 degrees east, respectively. Roche B's diameter measures 21.90 kilometers.

Roche C resides to the northeast of its parent and Roche B. Roche C is centered at minus 39.13 degrees south latitude, 139.89 degrees east longitude. The southern hemisphere satellite finds its northmost and southmost latitudes at minus 38.85 degrees south and minus 39.41 degrees south, respectively. It finalizes its eastmost and westmost longitudes at 140.26 degrees east and 139.53 degrees east, respectively. Roche C has a diameter of 16.98 kilometers. Roche V and Roche W lie to the northwest of their parent crater. Roche V neighbors to the near west of Roche W. Roche V is centered at minus 38.98 degrees south latitude, 129.99 degrees east longitude. The southern hemisphere satellite obtains its northmost and southmost latitudes at minus 38.59 degrees south and minus 39.36 degrees south, respectively. Its eastmost and westmost longitudes occur at 130.52 degrees east and 129.46 degrees east, respectively. Roche V's diameter measures 27.81 kilometers. Roche V's eastern neighbor, Roche W, is centered at minus 39.26 degrees south latitude, 131.26 degrees east longitude. The southern hemisphere satellite establishes its northmost and southmost latitudes at minus 38.91 degrees south and minus 39.60 degrees south, respectively. It finds its eastmost and westmost longitudes at 131.70 degrees east and 130.81 degrees east, respectively. Roche W's diameter measures 20.80 kilometers.

Roche B is positioned as the southernmost of the Roche Crater system's four satellites. Roche C qualifies as the easternmost member of the Roche Crater system. Roche V ranks as the westernmost member of the Roche Crater system. Roche V's close eastern neighbor places as the northernmost member of the Roche Crater system.

The diameters of the four satellites in the Roche Crater system range from 16.98 kilometers to 27.81 kilometers. Its diameter of 27.81 kilometers qualifies Roche V as the largest of the Roche Crater system's four satellites. Roche C's diameter of 16.98 kilometers classifies it as the smallest of the Roche Crater system's four satellites.

Rosseland Crater neighbors to the west of northwestern Roche Crater and south of satellites V and W. Rosseland formerly was designated as Roche U.

Rosseland Crater is centered at minus 40.82 degrees south latitude, 130.68 degrees east longitude. The lunar southern hemisphere-sited crater delimits its northmost and southmost latitudes at minus 39.72 degrees south and minus 41.92 degrees south, respectively. It defines its eastmost and westmost longitudes at 132.14 degrees east and 129.25 degrees east, respectively. Rosseland Crater's diameter spans 67.66 kilometers.

The Roche Crater system occupies the cratered terrain between Mare Ingenii, to the system's east, and Mare Australe, to the system's west. Mare Australe's sprawl across the moon's southeastern limb attains dual status as far side and near side resident for the lunar mare (Latin: mare, "sea"; plural, maria, "seas"). Contrastingly, Mare Ingenii confines its territory to the lunar far side.

Mare Ingenii (Sea of Cleverness) is centered at minus 33.25 degrees south latitude, 164.83 degrees east longitude. The southern hemisphere-sited dark, basaltic plain's northmost and southmost latitudes stretch from minus 28.54 degrees south to minus 37.42 degrees south, respectively. Its eastmost and westmost longitudes touch 169.85 degrees east and 158.55 degrees east, respectively. Mare Ingenii's diameter spans 282.20 kilometers.

Mare Australe (Southern Sea) is centered at minus 47.77 degrees south latitude, 91.99 degrees east longitude. The southern hemisphere-sited lunar mare's northmost and southmost latitudes reach minus 31.84 degrees south and minus 64.20 degrees south, respectively. It records eastmost and westmost longitudes of 113.36 degrees east and 70.43 degrees east, respectively. Mare Australe's diameter spans 996.84 kilometers.

The Roche Crater system memorializes 19th-century French astronomer, celestial mechanics specialist, mathematician and meteorologist Édouard Albert Roche (Oct. 17, 1820-April 27, 1883). The system's parent crater received official approval by the International Astronomical Union in 1970. The organization’s XIVth (14th) General Assembly was held in 1970 from Tuesday, Aug. 18, to Thursday, Aug. 27. The designations of the system's four satellites were adopted in 2006. The IAU's XXVIth (26th) General Assembly took place in 2006, from Monday, Aug. 14, to Friday, Aug. 25, in Prague, Czech Republic.

The Roche Crater system remembers 19th-century French astronomer, celestial mechanics specialist, mathematician and meteorologist Édouard Albert Roche (Oct. 17, 1820-April 27, 1883). The International Astronomical Union officially adopted Roche Crater’s name in 1970. The organization’s XIVth (14th) General Assembly was held in 1970 from Tuesday, Aug. 18, to Thursday, Aug. 27, in Brighton, United Kingdom. The organization’s XIVth (14th) General Assembly was held in 1970 from Tuesday, Aug. 18, to Thursday, Aug. 27, in the United Kingdom's East Sussex seaside town of Brighton.

Official approval of the names of the Roche Crater system's four satellites occurred in 2006. The IAU's XXVIth (26th) General Assembly was held in Prague, Czech Republic, in 2006 from Monday, Aug. 14, to Friday, Aug. 25.

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Dedication

This post is dedicated to the memory of our beloved blue-eyed brother, Charles, who guided the creation of the Met Opera and Astronomy posts on Earth and Space News. We memorialized our brother in "Our Beloved Blue-Eyed Brother, Charles, With Whom We Are Well Pleased," published on Earth and Space News on Thursday, Nov. 18, 2021, an anniversary of our beloved father's death.

Image credits:

south-facing, oblique view of Rosseland Crater, formerly known as Roche Crater system's fifth satellite, Roche U, with current Roche Crater system satellites V and W: frame 3121, image among 211 photographs obtained by Lunar Orbiter III (LO III) between Wednesday, Feb. 15, and Thursday, Feb. 23, 1967; cropped and created with UploadWizard Monday, May 23, 2016, 03:46: James Stuby (JStuby), Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rosseland_crater_3121_med.jpg; via Lunar and Planetary Institute (LPI) Resources @ https://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunarorbiter/frame/?3121 (frame URL); via Lunar and Planetary Institute (LPI) Resources @ https://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunarorbiter/mission/?3 (gallery URL)

Lunar Aeronautical Chart (LAC) 118 presents the Roche Crater system's parent and four satellites (lower left); image credit NASA/GSFC/ASU: via USGS Astrogeology Science Center / Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature @ https://asc-planetarynames-data.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Lunar/lac_118_wac.pdf (image URL); https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/5166 (feature URL)

For further information:

Bussey, Ben; and Paul Spudis. The Clementine Atlas of the Moon. Revised and updated edition. First published 2004. Cambridge UK; Cambridge MA: Cambridge University Press, 2012.
Available via Dokumen.PUB @ https://dokumen.pub/qdownload/the-clementine-atlas-of-the-moon-9780521141017-052114101x.html

De Jager, C. (Cornelius) ; and A. (Arnost) Jappel, eds. XIVth General Assembly -- Transactions of the IAU Vol. XIV B Proceedings of the 14th General Assembly Brighton, United Kingdom, August 18-27, 1970. Washington DC: Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Jan. 1, 1971.
Available @ https://www.iau.org/publications/iau/transactions_b/

International Astronomical Union. “Mare Australe.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. Last updated Oct 18, 2010 12:00 PM.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/3665

International Astronomical Union. “Mare Ingenii.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. Last updated Oct 18, 2010 12:00 PM.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/3679

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Roche.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct 18, 2010 12:00 PM.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/5166

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Roche B.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct 18, 2010 12:00 PM.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/12647

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Roche C.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct 18, 2010 12:00 PM.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/12648

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Roche U.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct 18, 2010 12:00 PM.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/12649

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Roche V.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct 18, 2010 12:00 PM.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/12650

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Roche W.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct 18, 2010 12:00 PM.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/12651

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Rosseland.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct 18, 2010 12:00 PM.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/5196

Marriner, Derdriu. "Far Side Roche Crater Honors 19th-Century French Astronomer Édouard Roche." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Dec. 11, 2024.
Available @

Marriner, Derdriu. "Nine Craters Honor Phobos Finder's Wife and Eight Mars Scientists." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2024.
Available @

The Moon Wiki. “Mare Australe.” The Moon > Lunar Features Alphabetically > A Nomenclature.
Available @ https://the-moon.us/wiki/Mare_Australe

The Moon Wiki. “Mare Ingenii.” The Moon > Lunar Features Alphabetically > I Nomenclature.
Available @ https://the-moon.us/wiki/Mare_Ingenii

The Moon Wiki. “Roche.” The Moon > Lunar Features Alphabetically > R Nomenclature.
Available @ http://the-moon.us/wiki/Roche

The Moon Wiki. “Rosseland.” The Moon > Lunar Features Alphabetically > R Nomenclature.
Available @ http://the-moon.us/wiki/Rosseland

Ostrach, Lillian. "Oblong Roche V." ASU (Arizona State University) SESE (School of Earth and Space Exploration) LROC (Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera) > Posts > 348. Dec. 6, 2011.
Available @ http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/posts/348

Parsons, Alex; Inkleby. "Mare Australe (Moon) 'Southern Sea.'" We Name the Stars > Moon > Feature Type: Mare > Features Associated With Mare: Mare Ingenii.
Available via We Name the Stars @ https://wenamethestars.inkleby.com/feature/3665

Parsons, Alex; Inkleby. "Mare Ingenii (Moon) 'Sea of Cleverness.'" We Name the Stars > Moon > Feature Type: Mare > Features Associated With Mare: Mare Ingenii.
Available via We Name the Stars @ https://wenamethestars.inkleby.com/feature/3679

Parsons, Alex; Inkleby. "Roche (Moon) Named after Édouard Albert Roche -- French astronomer (1820-1883)." We Name the Stars > Moon > Feature Type: Crater > Features Associated With Crater: Crater Roche.
Available via We Name the Stars @ https://wenamethestars.inkleby.com/feature/51666

Parsons, Alex; Inkleby. "Rosseland (Moon) Named after Svein Rosseland -- Norwegian astrophysicist (1894-1985)." We Name the Stars > Moon > Feature Type: Crater > Features Associated With Crater: Crater Rosseland.
Available via We Name the Stars @ https://wenamethestars.inkleby.com/feature/5196

van der Hucht, Karel, ed. XXVIth General Assembly Transactions of the IAU Vol. XXVI B Proceedings of the 26th General Assembly Prague, Czech Republic, August 14-25, 2006. Cambridge UK: Cambridge University Press, Dec. 30, 2008. Available @ https://www.iau.org/publications/iau/transactions_b/

Wednesday, December 11, 2024

Far Side Roche Crater Honors 19th-Century French Astronomer Édouard Roche

Summary: Lunar far side Roche Crater honors Édouard Roche, a 19th-century French astronomer, celestial mechanics specialist, mathematician and meteorologist.

Lunar far side Roche Crater honors Édouard Roche, a 19th-century French astronomer, celestial mechanics specialist, mathematician and meteorologist who focused on the effects of gravitational forces on orbital mechanics.

Worn-rimmed Roche Crater resides in the southern hemisphere on the lunar far side. It is centered at minus 42.37 degrees south latitude, 136.54 degrees east longitude, according to the International Astronomical Union’s (IAU) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. It records northmost and southmost latitudes of minus 39.85 degrees south and minus 44.88 degrees south, respectively. It registers its eastmost and westmost longitudes at 139.96 degrees east and 133.12 degrees east, respectively. Roche Crater's diameter spans 152.67 kilometers.

Pauli Crater sprawls across Roche Crater's southern rim. A ghost crater in the southeastern portion of its lava-flooded interior floor distinguishes Pauli Crater. Roche Crater's superpositioned southern rim-mate is centered at minus 44.76 degrees south latitude, 137.35 degrees east longitude. The intrusive lunar impact crater marks its northmost and southmost latitudes at minus 43.19 degrees south and minus 46.33 degrees south, respectively. It establishes its eastmost and westmost longitudes at 139.56 degrees east and 135.14 degrees east, respectively. Pauli Crater's diameter measures 95.28 kilometers.

Rosseland Crater lies to the west of northwestern Roche Crater. The fairly level interior-floored lunar impact crater is centered at minus 40.82 degrees south latitude, 130.68 degrees east longitude. The lunar southern hemisphere-sited crater posts northmost and southmost latitudes of minus 39.72 degrees south and minus 41.92 degrees south, respectively. It obtains eastmost and westmost longitudes of 132.14 degrees east and 129.25 degrees east, respectively. Rosseland Crater has a diameter of 67.66 kilometers.

Eötvös Crater is sited to the north-northwest of Roche Crater. The lunar impact crater silhouettes with a battered northwestern rim and an indistinct southeastern rim. The lunar southern hemisphere-sited crater is centered at minus 35.61 degrees south latitude, 134.43 degrees east longitude. It achieves its northmost and southmost latitudes at minus 33.93 degrees south and minus 37.29 degrees south, respectively. It lists its eastmost and westmost longitudes at 136.50 degrees east and 132.36 degrees east, respectively. Eötvös Crater's diameter measures 101.80 kilometers.

Verne Crater is located to the northeast of Roche Crater. Worn-rimmed Verne Crater is centered at 24.95 degrees north latitude, minus 25.38 degrees west longitude. The lunar northern hemisphere-sited crater finds its northmost and southmost latitudes as 24.98 degrees north and 24.93 degrees north, respectively. The western hemisphere dweller obtains its eastmost and westmost longitudes at minus 25.35 degrees west and minus 25.41 degrees west, respectively. Verne Crater has a diameter of 1.54 kilometers.

Ramsay Crater is situated to the east-northeast of Roche Crater and to the south-southwest of Verne Crater. A craterlet-notched, worn rim and a low central rise from a mostly featureless interior floor distinguish Ramsay Crater. The lunar southern hemisphere-sited lunar impact crater is centered at minus 40.02 degrees south latitude, 145.04 degrees east longitude. It defines its northmost and southmost latitudes at minus 39.01 degrees south and minus 41.03 degrees south, respectively. It delimits its eastmost and westmost longitudes to 146.36 degrees east and 143.72 degrees east, respectively. Ramsay Crater has a diameter of 61.28 kilometers.

Roche Crater inhabits the cratered terrain to the southwest of Mare Ingenii. The Sea of Cleverness is centered at minus 33.25 degrees south latitude, 164.83 degrees east longitude. The southern hemisphere-sited dark plain's northmost and southmost latitudes extend from minus 28.54 degrees south to minus 37.42 degrees south, respectively. Its eastmost and westmost longitudes stretch from 169.85 degrees east to 158.55 degrees east, respectively. Mare Ingenii's diameter spans 282.20 kilometers.

Roche Crater honors 19th-century French astronomer, celestial mechanics specialist, mathematician and meteorologist Édouard Albert Roche (Oct. 17, 1820-April 27, 1883). His interests in celestial mechanics included studying the effects of gravitational forces on orbital mechanics. The International Astronomical Union officially approved Roche Crater’s name in 1970. The organization’s XIVth (14th) General Assembly was held in 1970 from Tuesday, Aug. 18, to Thursday, Aug. 27, in Brighton, United Kingdom.

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Dedication

south-facing, oblique view of Roche Crater (lower), with southern rim superpositioned Pauli Crater (upper); frame 3121, image among 211 photographs obtained by Lunar Orbiter III (LO III) between Wednesday, Feb. 15, and Thursday, Feb. 23, 1967; cropped and created with UploadWizard Monday, May 23, 2016, 03:46: James Stuby (JStuby), Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Roche_and_Pauli_craters_3121_med.jpg; via Lunar and Planetary Institute (LPI) Resources @ https://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunarorbiter/frame/?3121 (frame URL); via Lunar and Planetary Institute (LPI) Resources @ https://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunarorbiter/mission/?3 (gallery URL)

south-facing, oblique view of Roche Crater with southern rim superpositioned Pauli Crater (upper center left) and northern neighbor Eötvös Crater (below Roche); frame 3121, image among 211 photographs obtained by Lunar Orbiter III (LO III) between Wednesday, Feb. 15, and Thursday, Feb. 23, 1967: Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lunar_Orbiter_3_moon_image.jpg; via Lunar and Planetary Institute (LPI) Resources @ https://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunarorbiter/frame/?3121 (frame URL); via Lunar and Planetary Institute (LPI) Resources @ https://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunarorbiter/mission/?3 (gallery URL)

For further information:

Ashworth, William B., Jr., Dr. "Scientist of the Day -- Édouard Roche." Linda Hall Library > News > Scientist of the Day > Edouard Roche. Oct. 17, 2019.
Available @ https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/edouard-roche/

Boussinesq, J. (Joseph Valentin). "Notice sur la vie et les travaux de M. Édouard Roche, professeur à la Faculté des sciences de Montpellier, correspondant de l'Institut, membre associé de la Société des sciences de Lille." Pages 17-35. Mémoires de aa Société des Sciences de l'agriculture et des Arts de Lille. 4e série. -- Tome XIV. Lille: L. Quarré, Libraire, 1885.
Available via BnF (Bibliothèque nationale de France) Gallica @ https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58117762/f19.image.r

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Eötvös.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct 18, 2010 12:00 PM.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/1893

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Pauli.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct 18, 2010 12:00 PM.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/4613

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Ramsay.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct 18, 2010 12:00 PM.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/4939

International Astronomical Union (IAU) / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. “Verne.” USGS Astrogeology Science Center > Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature > Nomenclature > The Moon. Last updated Oct 18, 2010 12:00 PM.
Available @ https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/6358

Marriner, Derdriu. "Nine Craters Honor Phobos Finder's Wife and Eight Mars Scientists." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2024.
Available @

The Moon Wiki. “Eötvös.” The Moon > Lunar Features Alphabetically > E Nomenclature.
Available @ https://the-moon.us/wiki/Eötvös

The Moon Wiki. “Mare Ingenii.” The Moon > Lunar Features Alphabetically > I Nomenclature.
Available @ https://the-moon.us/wiki/Mare_Ingenii

The Moon Wiki. “Pauli.” The Moon > Lunar Features Alphabetically > P Nomenclature.
Available @ http://the-moon.us/wiki/Pauli

The Moon Wiki. “Ramsay.” The Moon > Lunar Features Alphabetically > R Nomenclature.
Available @ http://the-moon.us/wiki/Ramsay

The Moon Wiki. “Roche.” The Moon > Lunar Features Alphabetically > R Nomenclature.
Available @ http://the-moon.us/wiki/Roche

The Moon Wiki. “Rosseland.” The Moon > Lunar Features Alphabetically > R Nomenclature.
Available @ http://the-moon.us/wiki/Rosseland

The Moon Wiki. “Verne.” The Moon > Lunar Features Alphabetically > V Nomenclature.
Available @ http://the-moon.us/wiki/Verne

Parsons, Alex; Inkleby. "Pauli (Moon) Named after Wolfgang Pauli -- Austrian-American physicist; Nobel laureate (1900-1958)." We Name the Stars > Moon > Feature Type: Crater > Features Associated With Crater: Crater Pauli.
Available via We Name the Stars @ https://wenamethestars.inkleby.com/feature/4613

Parsons, Alex; Inkleby. "Ramsay (Moon) Named after Sir William Ramsay -- British chemist; Nobel laureate (1852-1916)." We Name the Stars > Moon > Feature Type: Crater > Features Associated With Crater: Crater Ramsay.
Available via We Name the Stars @ https://wenamethestars.inkleby.com/feature/4939

Parsons, Alex; Inkleby. "Verne (Moon) Latin male name." We Name the Stars > Moon > Feature Type: Crater > Features Associated With Crater: Crater Verne.
Available via We Name the Stars @ https://wenamethestars.inkleby.com/feature/6358