Earth and Space News: Pacific Ocean total lunar eclipse visibility

Showing posts with label Pacific Ocean total lunar eclipse visibility. Show all posts

Wednesday, October 1, 2014

Second of Two 2014 Total Lunar Eclipses Happens Wednesday, Oct. 8

Summary: The second of two 2014 total lunar eclipses happens Wednesday, Oct. 8, as the second in a tetrad that ends Monday, Sept. 28, 2015.

Earth visibility chart and eclipse data for partial lunar eclipse of Wednesday, Oct. 8, 2014: "Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment, Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA GSFC Emeritus," via NASA Eclipse Web Site

The second of two 2014 total lunar eclipses happens Wednesday, Oct. 8, as the second in a tetrad, or series of four consecutive total lunar eclipses, that began with 2014’s first total lunar eclipse, on Tuesday, April 15, and ends on Monday, Sept. 28, 2015.

The October 2014 total lunar eclipse favors the Pacific Ocean. Portions of four continents claim entire event visibility. Antarctica’s entire visibility skims the northern Ross Sea. Asia’s entire visibility encompasses the Russian Far East and northern Japan. The eastern quarter of Australia joins Oceania’s large islands, New Zealand and Papua New Guinea, in experiencing entire ecliptic visibility. In North America, entire ecliptic visibility is available for observers in Alaska, western Canada and much of the western continental United States.

Africa, Europe and the Middle East are excluded from viewing any portion of the eclipse. Coincidence of the event with either moonrise or moonset accounts for partial ecliptic visibility for South America, eastern North America, and central and western Asia.

The moon’s entrance into Earth’s lighter, outer penumbral shadow announces the eclipse’s beginning. Designated as P1, the penumbral eclipse begins at 8:15:33 Universal Time (4:15:33 a.m. Eastern Daylight Time).

At 9:14:48 UT (5:14:48 a.m. EDT), a partial eclipse begins (U1). Partiality marks partial coverage of the visible lunar surface by Earth’s umbra, the shadow’s darkest, inner region.

The event’s total eclipse starts at 10:25:10 UT (6:25:10 a.m. EDT). Designated as U2, the start of totality signals coverage of the entire visible lunar surface by Earth’s umbra.

Greatest eclipse happens at 10:54:36 UT (6:54:36 a.m. EDT). Greatest eclipse signifies the instant of the moon’s closest passage to the axis of Earth’s shadow.

The event’s total eclipse ends at 11:24:00 UT (7:24 a.m. EDT). Designated as U3, the end of totality logs the instant of exit from umbral totality.

The partial eclipse ends at 12:34:21 UT (8:34:21 a.m. EDT). U4 is the designator for the instant of exit from partiality.

The event’s penumbral eclipse ends at 13:33:43 UT (9:33:43 a.m. EDT). P4 designates the penumbral exit. The end of the penumbral eclipse also announces the end of the October 2014 lunar ecliptic event.

The October 2014 eclipse has a total duration of 5 hours 18 minutes 10 seconds. Within this time frame, partiality spans 3 hours 19 minutes 33 seconds. Totality endures for 58 minutes 50 seconds within the total time frame.

The October 2014 total lunar eclipse occurs in a year featuring only two lunar eclipses. Both lunar events feature total eclipses. The year’s first total lunar eclipse happened Tuesday, April 15, and favored the Western Hemisphere. With a total duration of 5 hours 44 minutes, the April ecliptic event outlasted October’s event by 25 minutes 50 seconds. With a duration of 1 hour 17 minutes 48 seconds, April’s totality exceeds October’s totality of 58 minutes 50 seconds by 19 minutes 58 seconds.

The October total lunar eclipse succeeds the April event as second in the 2014-2015 lunar tetrad. The tetrad’s third total lunar eclipse takes place Saturday, April 4, 2015. The fourth consecutive total lunar eclipse, occurring Monday, Sept. 28, 2015, closes the tetrad.

The October 2014 total lunar eclipse belongs to Saros Series 127. The Saros cycle assigns lunar and solar eclipses to families, known as series. A Saros cycle lasts for approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours).

The second of two 2014 total lunar eclipses closes the year’s lineup of eclipses, favors the Pacific Ocean with complete visibility and appears as second in the 2014-2015 tetrad of four consecutive total lunar eclipses.

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

graphic of "orientation of the earth as viewed from the center of the moon during greatest eclipse" for total lunar eclipse Wednesday, Oct. 8, 2014: Tom Ruen (SockPuppetForTomruen at English Wikipedia), Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lunar_eclipse_from_moon-2012Jun04.png

For further information:

Espenak, Fred. “Eclipses During 2014.” NASA Eclipse Web Site > Lunar Eclipses.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/OH/OH2014.html

Espenak, Fred. "Figure 3 Total Lunar Eclipse of 2014 Oct 08." NASA Eclipse Web Site > Lunar Eclipses > Lunar Eclipse Page > Lunar Eclipses Past and Future: Eclipses During 2014 > Eclipses During 2014: 2014 Oct 08 Total Lunar Eclipse: Total Lunar Eclipse of October 08.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/OH/OHfigures/OH2014-Fig03.pdf

Espenak, Fred. “Greatest Eclipse.” NASA Eclipse Web Site > Solar Eclipses > Glossary of Solar Eclipse Terms.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEhelp/SEglossary.html

Espenak, Fred. “Lunar Eclipses: 2011-2020.” NASA Eclipse Web Site > Lunar Eclipses.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/LEdecade/LEdecade2011.html

Marriner, Derdriu. “First of Two 2014 Total Lunar Eclipses Happens Tuesday, April 15.” Earth and Space News. Wednesday, April 9, 2014.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2014/04/

“October 8, 2014 -- Total Lunar Eclipse.” Time And Date > Sun & Moon > Eclipses.
Available @ https://www.timeanddate.com/eclipse/lunar/2014-october-8

Wednesday, April 9, 2014

First of Two 2014 Total Lunar Eclipses Happens Tuesday, April 15

Summary: The first of two 2014 total lunar eclipses happens Tuesday, April 15, as the first in a tetrad that ends Monday, Sept. 28, 2015.

Earth visibility chart and eclipse data for partial lunar eclipse of Tuesday, April 15, 2014: "Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment, Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA GSFC Emeritus," via NASA Eclipse Web Site

The first of two 2014 total lunar eclipses happens Tuesday, April 15, as the first in a tetrad, or series of four consecutive total lunar eclipses, that occur at five- to six-month intervals within a two-year period.

The April 2014 total lunar eclipse favors the Western Hemisphere. Viewing of all or of some of the ecliptic event, however, is available to parts of all seven of Earth’s continents.

Mexico and Central America claim preferential location status with visibility of the entire event. Viewing of the entirety of the first of two 2014 total lunar eclipses also encompasses much of Canada and of the continental United States.

Entire visibility of the April 2014 eclipse is afforded to southern and western South America. All of Chile, Ecuador and Peru enjoy entire visibility. The first of two 2014 total lunar eclipses also favors much of Argentina and Colombia with complete visibility. Northwestern Venezuela and western Bolivia experience complete visibility.

On the NASA Eclipse Web Site, retired astrophysicist Fred Espenak, known as “Mr. Eclipse,” notes incomplete visibility due to moonrise and moonset. Occurrence of the event’s first half before moonrise deprives observers in the western Pacific of complete visibility. The event’s occurrence after moonset ensures no visibility for the Middle East and much of Africa, Asia and Europe.

The first of two 2014 total lunar eclipses begins the lunar entrance into Earth’s penumbra, the lighter outer region of Earth’s shadow. The lunar contact with Earth’s penumbra, designated as P1, takes place at 4:53:37 Universal Time (12:53:37 a.m. Eastern Daylight Time).

A partial eclipse starts at 5:58:19 UT (1:58:19 a.m. EDT). U1 is the designator for the start of the partial eclipse. The event’s partial portion endures while Earth’s umbra, the shadow’s darkest, inner region, partially covers the visible lunar surface.

The start of totality, designated as U2, is timed for 7:06:47 UT (3:06:47 a.m. EDT). Totality lasts while Earth’s umbra covers the visible lunar surface.

Greatest eclipse occurs at 7:45:40 UT (3:45:40 a.m. EDT). Greatest eclipse represents the instant of the closest lunar passage to the axis of Earth’s shadow.

The end of totality takes place at 8:24:35 UT (4:24:35 EDT). U3 is the designator for the instant of exit from totality.

Partiality ends at 9:33:04 UT (5:33:04 a.m. EDT). U4 designates the instant of exit from partiality.

The lunar contact with Earth’s penumbra ends at 10:37:37 UT (6:37:37 a.m. EDT). P4 is the designator for the penumbral exit. The instant of exit from Earth’s penumbra signals the end of the April 2014 lunar ecliptic event.

In its entirety, the April 2014 eclipse has a total duration of 5 hours 44 minutes. Within this time frame, partiality endures for 3 hours 34 minutes 45 seconds. Totality spans 1 hour 17 minutes 48 seconds within the total time frame.

The April 2014 total lunar eclipse opens a year featuring only two lunar eclipses. Both eclipses are classified as total from Earth’s perspective.

The April 2014 total lunar eclipse breaks a pattern of non-totality that lasted for two and one-third years. The last total lunar eclipse took place Saturday, Dec. 10, 2011.

The first of two 2014 total lunar eclipses occurs as the first of four consecutive total lunar eclipses within a two-year period. The first of the 2014-2015 tetrad is followed by total lunar eclipses on Wednesday, Oct. 8, 2014; Saturday, April 4, 2015; and Monday, Sept. 28, 2015.

The first of two 2014 total lunar eclipses belongs to Saros Series 122. The Saros cycle places lunar and solar eclipses into families, known as series. A Saros cycle spans approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours).

The takeaway for the first of two 2014 total lunar eclipses is that the April event opens the year’s lineup of eclipses, favors the Western Hemisphere with complete visibility, ends a two-and-one-third year non-totality streak and also serves as the first of four consecutive total lunar eclipses, known as a tetrad.

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

graphic of "orientation of the earth as viewed from the center of the moon during greatest eclipse" for total lunar eclipse Tuesday, April 15, 2014: Tom Ruen (SockPuppetForTomruen at English Wikipedia), Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lunar_eclipse_from_moon-2014Apr15.png

For further information:

“April 14 / April 15, 2014 -- Total Lunar Eclipse.” Time And Date > Sun & Moon > Eclipses.
Available via Time And Date @ https://www.timeanddate.com/eclipse/lunar/2014-april-15

Espenak, Fred. “Eclipses During 2014.” NASA Eclipse Web Site > Lunar Eclipses.
Available @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/OH/OH2014.html

Espenak, Fred. "Figure 1 Partial Lunar Eclipse of 2012 Jun 04." NASA Eclipse Web Site > Lunar Eclipses > Lunar Eclipse Page > Lunar Eclipses Past and Future: Eclipses During 2014 > Eclipses During 2014: 2014 Apr 15 Total Lunar Eclipse: Total Lunar Eclipse of April 15.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/OH/OHfigures/OH2014-Fig01.pdf Espenak, Fred. “Greatest Eclipse.” NASA Eclipse Web Site > Solar Eclipses > Glossary of Solar Eclipse Terms.
Available @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEhelp/SEglossary.html

Espenak, Fred. “Lunar Eclipses: 2011-2020.” NASA Eclipse Web Site > Lunar Eclipses.
Available @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/LEdecade/LEdecade2011.html

Marriner, Derdriu. “Second of Two 2011 Total Lunar Eclipses Happens Saturday, Dec. 10.” Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Dec. 7, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/12/second-of-two-2011-total-lunar-eclipses.html

Wednesday, December 7, 2011

Second of Two 2011 Total Lunar Eclipses Happens Saturday, Dec. 10

Summary: The second of two 2011 total lunar eclipses happens Saturday, Dec. 10, and disfavors Antarctica, South America and parts of West and Southern Africa.

details of total lunar eclipse of Saturday, Dec. 10, 2011: "Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment, Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)," via NASA Eclipse Web Site

The second of two 2011 total lunar eclipses happens Saturday, Dec. 10, disfavors Antarctica, South America, most of West Africa and a slice of Southern Africa, and favors Australia, northernmost North America, northern Europe and most of Asia with visibility of the entire event.

In northernmost North America, all of Alaska, northern Canada and most of Greenland enjoy visibility of the entire eclipse. Northern Europe’s all eclipse visibility encompasses northern Scandinavia and northwesternmost Russia, especially the Kola Peninsula. Asia’s visibility of the entire event spans Asian Russia, East Asia, Southeast Asia, eastern Central Asia and northeastern South Asia.

Antarctica, South America, parts of West and a slice of South Africa (southern Angola, western Namibia, western South Africa) are excluded from visibility of 2011’s second lunar eclipse. Visibility of portions of the lunar event is available to those areas of Asia, Europe and North America that fall outside the complete viewing path. Fred Espenak, known as “Mr. Eclipse,” notes on the NASA Eclipse Web Site that occurrence of the ecliptic event’s early phases before moonrise precludes their observation by viewers in Africa and Europe. Most of North America misses out on visibility of the entire event because the moon is setting while the eclipse is in progress.

According to NASA’s Eclipse Web Site, the second of two 2011 total lunar eclipses begins with the moon’s entrance into Earth’s penumbra (P1) at 11:33:32 Universal Time (6:33 a.m. Eastern Standard Time) and finishes with the moon’s exit from Earth’s penumbra (P4) of 17:30 UT (12:30 p.m. EST). The penumbra consists of the lighter outer region of Earth’s shadow.

The eclipse begins partiality, designated as U1, at 12:45:42 UT (7:45 a.m. EST). Partiality comprises partial coverage of the lunar surface by Earth’s umbra, the shadow’s darkest, inner region.

Totality, designated as U2, begins at 14:06:16 UT (9:06 a.m. EST). During totality, Earth’s umbra covers the visible lunar surface.

Greatest eclipse takes place at 14:31:49 UT (9:31 a.m. EST). Greatest eclipse indicates the instant of the moon’s closest passage to the axis of Earth’s shadow.

The end of totality happens at 14:57:24 UTC (9:57 a.m. EST). U3 designates the instant of exit from totality.

Partiality ends at 16:17:58 UT (11:17 a.m. EST). U4 is the designator for partiality’s end time.

The lunar event ends with the moon’s exit from Earth’s penumbra at 17:30:00 UT (12:30 p.m. EST). P4 designates the end of the penumbral eclipse.

The second of two 2011 lunar eclipses has a total duration of 5 hours 56 minutes 28 seconds. Within the total time frame, partiality takes up 3 hours 32 minutes 16 seconds. Totality accounts for 51 minutes 8 seconds within the total time frame.

The December 2011 total lunar eclipse closes a year that featured only two lunar eclipses, with both categorized as total lunar eclipses from Earth’s perspective. A lag of two and one-third years separates the December 2011 total lunar eclipse and the next total lunar eclipse, which takes place Tuesday, April 15, 2014.

The second of two 2011 total lunar eclipses belongs to Saros Series 135. The Saros cycle groups lunar and solar eclipses into families, known as series. A Saros cycle lasts for approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours).

The second of two 2011 total lunar eclipses closes the year’s lineup of eclipses and also signals an absence of total lunar eclipses from subsequent eclipse lineups for two and one-third years.

Acknowledgment

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Image credits:

graphic of "orientation of the earth as viewed from the center of the moon during greatest eclipse" for total lunar eclipse of Saturday, Dec. 10, 2011: SockPuppetForTomruen at English Wikipedia, Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lunar_eclipse_from_moon-2011Dec10.png

For further information:

“December 10 / December 11, 2011 -- Total Lunar Eclipse.” Time And Date > Sun & Moon > Eclipses.
Available via Time And Date @ https://www.timeanddate.com/eclipse/lunar/2011-december-10

Espenak, Fred. “Eclipses During 2011.” NASA Eclipse Web Site > Lunar Eclipses.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/OH/OH2011.html

Espenak, Fred. “June 15 / June 16, 2011 Total Lunar Eclipse.” Time And Date > Sun & Moon > Eclipses.
Available via Time And Date @ https://www.timeanddate.com/eclipse/lunar/2011-june-15

Espenak, Fred. “Lunar Eclipses: 2011-2020.” NASA Eclipse Web Site > Lunar Eclipses.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/LEdecade/LEdecade2011.html

Espenak, Fred. "Table 5 -- Crater Immersion and Emersion Times for the Total Lunar Eclipse of 2011 December 10." NASA Eclipse Web Site > Observer's Handbook > Observer's Handbook Tables > Observer's Handbook 2011.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/OH/OHtables/OH2011-Tab05.pdf

Espenak, Fred. "Total 2011 Dec. 10." NASA Eclipse Web Site > Lunar Eclipses > Lunar Eclipse Publications Online: NASA TP-2009-214172: Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE) > Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 NASA Technical Publication TP-2009-214172 by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus > Supplementary Data: Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 - web-based catalog (with links to individual color figures) > Index to Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE): Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE): Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: 2001 to 2100 > Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: 2001 to 2100 (2001 CE to 2100 CE): Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: 2001 to 2100 (2001 CE to 2100 CE) > 09676 2011 Dec 10.
Available via NASA Eclipse Web Site @ https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCLEmap/2001-2100/LE2011-12-10T.gif

Marriner, Derdriu. "First of Two 2011 Total Lunar Eclipses Happens Wednesday, June 15." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, June 8, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/06/first-of-two-2011-total-lunar-eclipses.html

Marriner, Derdriu. "First of Four 2011 Partial Solar Eclipses Happens Tuesday, Jan. 4." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Dec. 29, 2010.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2010/12/first-of-four-2011-partial-solar.html

Marriner, Derdriu. "Fourth of Four 2011 Partial Solar Eclipses Happens Friday, Nov. 25." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, Nov. 16, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/11/fourth-of-four-2011-partial-solar.html

Marriner, Derdriu. "Second of Four 2011 Partial Solar Eclipses Happens Wednesday, June 1." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, May 25, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/05/second-of-four-2011-partial-solar.html

Marriner, Derdriu. "Third of Four 2011 Partial Solar Eclipses Happens Friday, July 1." Earth and Space News. Wednesday, June 29, 2011.
Available @ https://earth-and-space-news.blogspot.com/2011/06/third-of-four-2011-partial-solar.html